scholarly journals “...Your Only Choice Now is to Type or to Be a Seller at the Muir and Mirrielees“: on the Creative History of A.N. Tolstoy’s Short Story Without Wings (From the Past)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-421
Author(s):  
Anna S. Akimova
Keyword(s):  
Young Woman ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Main Direction ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Main Character ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
History Of

“Female issue” probed on the example of A.N. Tolstoy’s diaries for 1911–1914 and his fiction in the article. The biographical, socio-cultural and textological methods were used to describe the writer’s texts. The analysis of periodical and the study of social and cultural life of the early 20th century led to the conclusion that the “female issue” and fates of real women had a great influence on the issues of the short story Masha. The text of the story was published in the Zavety journal in 1914, later Tolstoy prepared it for publication in volume 5 of his Works (1914). The main direction of his corrections was connected with the main character who left her husband and strolled the evening city. The author reduced some details which characterized her as a frivolous lady from tragicomedy or farce, and replaced real names and images with more common things. Tolstoy rewrote the story in 1927. He changed the title (Without Wings (From the Past)) and corrected all characters. As a result the genre of tragicomedy was transformed into tragedy of a lonely young woman “without wings.”

scholarly journals Lviv as the cradle of Polish independence organizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 201 (3) ◽  
pp. 534-545
Author(s):  
Janusz Zuziak
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
The Past ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Lviv occupies a special place in the history of Poland. With its heroic history, it has earned the exceptionally honorable name of a city that has always been faithful to the homeland. SEMPER FIDELIS – always faithful. Marshal Józef Piłsudski sealed that title while decorating the city with the Order of Virtuti Militari in 1920. The past of Lviv, the always smoldering and uncompromising Polish revolutionist spirit, the climate, and the atmosphere that prevailed in it created the right conditions for making it the center of thought and independence movement in the early 20th century. In the early twentieth century, Polish independence organizations of various political orientations were established, from the ranks of which came legions of prominent Polish politicians and military and social activists.

scholarly journals Passeism in the Musical Culture of France

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Galina A. Eremenko
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
History Of ◽  
French Composers

The specialists note and highly appreciate the openness to creative dialogue with different European and regional cultures in their works about the artistic history of France. In the introductory section, the article is focused on the importance of the opposite trend, developed in the 19th — early 20th century in all spheres of art. The purpose of the new movement is “national revival”, interest in the ori­gins of the great heritage of the French masters of past epochs. The author concentrates on the peculiarities of interaction between leading composers, musicians-performers and teachers with the traditions of music professionalism of the French compo­ser school. Furthermore, she explains the main reason of “back to the past” addiction by desire to preserve the unique distinction of artistic thinking in the terms of intensive cultural influences in Italy, Germany and Russia. The article provides the facts of creative activity of the leaders of “national renewal”. There are presented some journalistic statements of the leading French composers to confirm their unanimous recognition of the actual value of national classics to the future of French culture. There is explicated the pa­norama of creative experiments (C. Franck, C. Saint-Saëns, E. Satie, impressionists and composers of the “young generation”) on reconstruction of national traditions of distant epochs. The coverage of events and display of artistic phenomena of musical and cultural life of France allowed the author to form a context to consider the problem of aesthetic and stylistic character: new understanding of the phenomenon of “artistic tradition” and “dialogue with tradition” in the epoch of modernism. The comparison of diffe­rent forms of “dialogue with the past” in the Russian culture of the beginning of the 20th century and in creative works of the leader of European retrospectivisme I.F. Stravinsky gave grounds to use the concept of “passeism” to characterize the special French type of inheritance of the “lessons” of the predecessors. Introducing the concept of “passeism” in contrast to the accepted in Russian musicology “musical neoclassicism” and giving reasons of the effectiveness of its application, the author seeks to identify the idea of preser­ving soil foundations of tradition as a way of national self-identity (prosody, rhetoric, form) pertaining to the French composer school.

scholarly journals Puisi Arab Bersajak karya Zaini-Solo; Kajian Pedagogi Islam-Modern dalam Manuskrip Nusantara

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-378
Author(s):  
Iin Suryaningsih
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Western Education ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specific Theme

The presence of various modern pedagogical currents carried by the psychologists and observers of Western education, has made a new mapping in the study of modern education in Indonesia. Indeed the study has been popular since the early 20th century AD with a very specific theme evidenced by one of the manuscripts entitled Mir'ātu Afkār al-Rijāl Nadzm Ta'līm al-Muta'līm by a scholar from Solo-Indonesia. This study proves that the content of Modern Pedagogy study by a scholar in Indonesia looks very specific and holistic. The method used is a method of philology that includes textual criticism in manuscripts. This method will also capture the superiority of the study of Archipelago Pedagogy written with Arabic script. The results of this study that the study of Modern Pedagogy can be clearly found in the traces of the history of the past in the archipelago of Manuscript.---Hadirnya berbagai aliran pedagogi modern yang diusung oleh para psikolog dan pemerhati pendidikan Barat, telah membuat pemetaan baru dalam kajian ilmu pendidikan modern di Indonesia. Sejatinya kajian tersebut sudah populer sejak awal abad 20 Masehi dengan tema yang sangat spesifik yang dibuktikan oleh salah satu manuskrip berjudul  Mir’ātu Afkār al-Rijāl Nadzm Ta’līm al-Muta’līm karya seorang cendikia asal Solo-indonesia. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa muatan kajian Pedagogi Modern karya cendikia di Indonesia terlihat sangat spesifik dan holistik. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode filologi yang mencakup kritik teks pada manuskrip. Metode ini juga akan memotret keunggulan kajian Pedagogi Nusantara yang ditulis dengan skrip Arab. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa kajian Pedagogi Modern secara nyata dapat kita temukan dalam jejak sejarah keilmuan masa lalu di Nusantara berupa Manuskrip.

scholarly journals Nahum Lipowski (1874–1928). Jewish theatre and film

Menotyra ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juozapas Blažiūnas
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Silent Film ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Film Making

A significant part of the 20th century film and theatre posters preserved and stored in the Lithuanian archives of literature and art are related to the Nahum Lipowski Jewish Folk Theatre. The research focuses on the analysis of Lipowski and his works. It indicates that little attention has been devoted to the influence of Lipowski as a director and scriptwriter on silent film industry. The data yielded by this study prove convincing evidence that the beginning of silent film in Lithuania, film making tendencies and the history of Jewish theatre are related. The works of Nahum Lipowski and his biographical facts are a great illustrative example of the cultural life in the late 19th and early 20th century. This study can also clarify some aspects and fill the knowledge gap of the Jewish enlightenment movement followers.

scholarly journals Dvije autobiografije u stihovima

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-237
Author(s):  
Sanja Grakalić Plenković
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Autobiographical Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contemporary Writers ◽  
Looking Back

Although verses as a form are rarely chosen by autobiographers, the history of Croatian autobiography shows that some writers have had the inclination towards writing autobiographies in verses. The form of a poem can be linked with the beginnings of writing autobiographical texts and with the autobiographical discourse in the works of Croatian writers. Even though it has not been in the focus of interest of autobiographical theory, the autobiographical elements can be found in the period spanning from the 15th- and 16th-century Croatian poetry in the works of the Croatian Latinists up to the present time which represents the golden period of autobiographic writing. Focusing on the autobiographers’ inclination to write in verse (from heterogenous autobiographies, where verses are incorporated into the text itself, to autobiographies poems), this paper shows the marginal place that the form of a poem occupies in the field of researching and defining autobiography as a genre. The fact has been corroborated by providing an outline of verses in autobiographies and autobiographies in verses throughout the history of Croatian literature. Special attention is given to two autobiographies-poems, written by two contemporary writers of Croatian Moderna ‒ Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić (Autoportrait from Rogaška Slatina; 1932) and Vladimir Nazor (Autobiography; 1927). Having in common the form and some themes and motifs (such as looking back at their lives, the author, the narrator and the main character being one and the same person, retrospective perspective), these two autobiographies show how placing emphasis on intimate elements, the form of a poem can be used to write an autobiography. Without putting into question the theme, the place of the narrator/poet in telling about or taking attitude towards the reality or experiences lived, factographic elements which dominate the early 20th century autobiographies, here are largely overshadowed by the more personal and emotional elements.

Haunted by History: Louise Erdrich's Tracks

Prospects ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 169-192
Author(s):  
Kathleen Brogan
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Young Woman ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Louise Erdrich ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Way ◽  
The Invisible

Part German-American and part Chippewa, Louise Erdrich has described the “mixed blood's” quest as a search for parentage, an attempt to understand self by interrogating genealogy. In the opening paragraphs of Tracks, a novel set on a North Dakota Chippewa reservation in the early 20th century, Erdrich reveals that the investigation of background necessarily entails an entrance into the world of ghosts. When the narrator Nanapush addresses the young woman listening to his unfolding account of her familial and tribal past as a “child of the invisible, the ones who disappeared,” he simultaneously connects an awareness of the ghostly presence of the dead with the discovery of identity and the creation of history. The narrator's conjuring of “invisible ancestors and “ghosts” (2) who inhabit tribal woods introduces haunting as Erdrich's central metaphor for the way the past shapes and is shaped by the present.

scholarly journals The House of Stolypin Migrants to Eastern Siberia (From a Pit-house to an Estate)(1)

Folklorica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yelena Minyonok
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Irkutsk Oblast ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
House Design

This article studies the development of house and homestead design in Siberia after the Stolypin reforms. It traces the history of the homesteading process, the architectural elements and designs and how they have changed over the years. It is based on fieldwork in the Irkutsk oblast’ conducted by the author between 2003 and 2010 in Ukrainian, Belarusian, Chuvash and Russian villages. House design from various periods since the settlements began in the early 20th century reflects the socio-cultural patterns of the day. Oral narratives about the past and the experience of settlement serve as a window into an understanding of cultural attitudes.

Chain of lawsuits in the Russian volost court of the early 20th century: the case of a Siberian peasant woman Alexandra Borozdina, who obtained property from her husband, but not money

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
A.K. Kirillov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rare Phenomenon ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Chain ◽  
First Time

For the first time in the history of the study of volost courts in pre-revolutionary Russia, a rare phenomenon is taken for study – a chain of interconnected claims considered by one court during the year. The use of a chain of claims makes it possible to solve the problem of excessive conciseness of the protocols of the volost courts, which arises during the transition from their mass processing to the study by the method of case study. Six investigated lawsuits, filed in 1914 in the Tulinsky volost court of the Tomsk province, were related to the departure of the peasant woman A. E. Borozdina, who complained about her husband’s abuse. The judges supported one part of her claims and ruled that the husband should give her the woman’s property and return the money for the cow he sold after his wife left. Another part of the claims related to the payment of money “for food” was rejected. As a result of studying these materials, it has been proved that Aleksandra Borozdina perceived the lawsuit as a tool in a multi-step game; each time adjusting the content of the claim to the needs of this struggle, taking into account rapidly changing circumstances. For their part, the volost court judges were pragmatic about the claims being filed, building the queue of their consideration not according to the chronology of filing, but according to the degree of their importance for the restoration of violated justice. In general, the above facts and the conclusions drawn work to reject the perception of the volost court of the early XX century as a relic of the past, which tried to put modern life in the mainstream of patriarchal customs. The peasants who came into contact with the volost court treated it in a businesslike manner, creatively using the opportunities given to them by law to fight for their interests (as long as we are talking about the plaintiffs) or (if we mean volost court judges) for adopting the correct (from their point of view) solutions.

POLA NARASI PADA ANTOLOGI CERPEN TARIAN SALJU KARABAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
Novi Diah Haryanti
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Main Character ◽  
The Past ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Narrative Patterns

Abstract: This study aims to look at narrative patterns in the collection of short stories "Karaban Snow Dance" (TSK). From the fifteen short stories, the researchers took five main stories, namely the Karaban Snow Dance (Tarian Salju Karaban), The Fall of a Leaf (Gugurnya Sehelai Daun),  Canting Kinanti Song (Tembang Canting Kinanti), Jagoan Men Arrived (Lelaki Jagoan Tiba), and Origami Pigeon (Merpati Origami). Of the five short stories, environmental themes and honesty appear most often. The place setting depicted shows the environment that is close to the author or according to the author's origin. The main characters in the four short stories are children, only one short story Male Hero Tiban (Lelaki Jagoan Tiban/LJK) who uses adult takoh as the main character. The child leaders in LJK only appear in the past stories of the main characters. The five short stories do not show a picture of whole parents (father and mother). The warm relationship between mother and child appears clearly, in contrast to the father-child relationship that is almost negligent. The five short stories also represent how children become heroes for their family, friends, and environment.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pola narasi pada kumpulan cerpen Tarian Salju Karaban (TSK). Dari limabelas cerpen yang ada, peneliti mengambil lima cerpen utama yakni “Tarian Salju Karaban”, “Gugurnya Sehelai Daun”, “Tembang Canting Kinanti”, “Lelaki Jagoan Tiba”, dan “Merpati Origami”. Kelima cerpen menampilkan tema lingkungan dan kejujuran. Latar tempat yang digambarkan memperlihatkan lingkuangan yang dekat dengan penulis atau sesuai dengan asal usul penulis. Tokoh utama dalam keempat cerpen tersebut ialah anak-anak, hanya satu cerpen “Lelaki Jagoan Tiban” (LJK) yang menggunakan takoh dewasa sebagai tokoh utama. Tokoh anak dalam LJK hanya muncul dalam cerita masa lalu tokoh utama. Kelima cerpen tersebut tidak memperlihatkan gambaran orangtua utuh (ayah dan ibu). Relasi yang hangat antara ibu dan anak muncul dengan jelas, berbeda dengan relasi bapak-anak yang nyaris alpa. Kelima  cerpen tersebut juga merepresentasikan bagaimana anak-anak menjadi pahlawan bagi keluarga, sahabat, dan lingkungannya.  

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