scholarly journals Measuring cultural dimensions for cross-cultural management: Corporate governance outlook

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Rabeb Riahi ◽  
Foued Hamouda ◽  
Jamel Eddine Henchiri
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Cross Cultural Management ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
The Impact

The unobservable nature of the national culture is one of the main limits of research studying the impact of values systems’ in management sciences. This is why we aim in this study to identify a measure to three cultural dimensions namely, individualism (IND), masculinity (MASC) and long-term orientation (LTO). Our methodology is based on structural equation modeling (SEM) under LISREL approach, where latent variables are economic and demographic characteristics. Findings for the cross-national study over a period of 7 years including Tunisia, France, and Canada show that ecological indicators are able to determine studied cultural dimensions. However, due to the dynamic character of culture, some studied indicators are no longer the same as identified in prior studies.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Risk Factors, Economic Factors, and Epidemiological Factors nexus on Economic Impact: Machine Learning and Structural Equation Modelling Approaches

2021 ◽  
pp. 395-405
Author(s):  
David Opeoluwa Oyewola ◽  
Emmanuel Gbenga Dada ◽  
Juliana Ngozi Ndunagu ◽  
Terrang Abubakar Umar ◽  
Akinwunmi S.A
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Impact

Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic, it has been transmitted to more than 200 nations of the world. The harmful impact of the pandemic on the economy of nations is far greater than anything suffered in almost a century. The main objective of this paper is to apply Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Machine Learning (ML) to determine the relationships among COVID-19 risk factors, epidemiology factors and economic factors. Structural equation modeling is a statistical technique for calculating and evaluating the relationships of manifest and latent variables. It explores the causal relationship between variables and at the same time taking measurement error into account. Bagging (BAG), Boosting (BST), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT) and Random Forest (RF) Machine Learning techniques was applied to predict the impact of COVID-19 risk factors. Data from patients who came into contact with coronavirus disease were collected from Kaggle database between 23 January 2020 and 24 June 2020. Results indicate that COVID-19 risk factors have negative effects on epidemiology factors. It also has negative effects on economic factors.

Expatriate's engagement and burnout: the role of purpose-oriented leadership and cultural intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Cavazotte ◽  
Sylvia Freitas Mello ◽  
Lucia B. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cultural Intelligence ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study analyzes the impact of purpose-oriented leadership and leader cultural intelligence on engagement and burnout among expatriates undertaking long-term corporate assignments, grounded on social psychology frameworks on interpersonal bias.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted with corporate expatriates from 21 different nationalities, who work for large multinational companies and were on assignment in 23 distinct countries – including Brazil, China, Japan and the UK Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was used to evaluate the proposed hypotheses.FindingsResults indicate that leader cultural intelligence is associated with lower burnout and higher engagement among expatriates, and that purpose-oriented leadership is associated with higher expatriate engagement but not with lower burnout.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the field by highlighting specific leader attributes that can foster successful expatriation: cultural intelligence and purpose-oriented leadership. The study adds to knowledge on leader–follower relationships amid national and cultural diversity by pointing to actionable leader qualities that can foster expatriate engagement and prevent his/her burnout.

A cross-national study on restaurant attributes between Korea and China

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-Soo Cha ◽  
Cheol Park ◽  
Xiaowu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
National Study ◽  
Hedonic Consumption ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Attributes ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose IThis study aims to investigate the effects of the consumption motivations of restaurant customers on their perception of the importance of experiential and functional restaurant attributes. Design/methodology/approach A total of 330 questionnaires were issued in China (168) and Korea (162). The resulting data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 to verify the reliability and validity of the measured variables. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses of the study. Findings The results showed that customers with hedonic consumption motivation were more sensitive to the experiential attributes than to the functional attributes of a restaurant. In addition, those customers with utilitarian consumption motivation were more influenced by functional attributes than by experiential attributes. However, these relationships differed between China and Korea. In China, the consumers’ hedonic motivation had a stronger relationship with functional restaurant attributes, which reflects a culture that emphasizes pragmatism. Originality/value This study analyzed the relationship between the motives to eat at a restaurant and the evaluation of restaurant attributes and how this differed between China and Korea, while suggesting practical implications.

scholarly journals Dominant Species Abundance, Vertical Structure and Plant Diversity Response to Nature Forest Protection in Northeastern China: Conservation Effects and Implications

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Jinghua Yu ◽  
Lu Xiao ◽  
Zhaoliang Zhong ◽  
Qiong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
The Impact

The conservation of species diversity and improvement of forest structure are essential roles of the Natural Reserve Policy and the Natural Forest Protection Program (NFPP) in China. However, the long-term effects of NFPP are still not well-defined, and a natural reserve (Liangshui) and surrounding region were surveyed as a proxy of NFPP for approaching the protection effects. Our results showed that long-term conservation significantly altered the dominant species in the herb layer (80% of species), followed by shrub (58%) and tree layers (50%); there was a 1.6-8.0-fold increase in abundance in Corylus shrubs, Acer trees and Carex grass, but a 1.3–10.0-fold abundance decrease in larch trees, Athyrium herbs and Lonicera shrubs. In contrast, tree species diversity and distribution evenness increased by 31% and 23.4% in the reserve, respectively. Forest protection in the reserve also led to the forest structural alteration with the observation of larger-sized trees and shorter herbs, but relatively sparse forests (smaller tree density). Structural equation modeling manifested that the reserve directly altered forest structure, at a coefficient of 0.854, nearly two-fold higher than its impact on diversity (0.459) and dominant species (−0.445). The most affected parameters were plant size (trees and herbs) and tree density related to forest structure, tree diversity, herb richness and evenness for diversity traits, and Oxalidaceae and Rosaceae for dominant species. This study provides basic data that can be used to evaluate the impact of the nature reserve in NE China, and these findings can be used to guide the implementation of NFPP in the long-term in the future.

Examining relationships among cultural factors and expectations of CSR

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-443
Author(s):  
Minsoo Kim ◽  
Candace White ◽  
Chansouk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Studies have explored expectations of corporate social responsibility (CSR) among cultures, but findings are mixed. A more nuanced view of cultural dimensions rather than using Hofstede’s aggregate country scores can offer a stronger empirical foundation for studying the effects of culture. Based on two cultural dimensions and Carroll’s four-dimensional model of CSR, the purpose of this paper is to test the relationship between individualistic/collectivistic values and individuals’ expectations of different types of responsibilities (economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic), the relationship between long-term values and individuals’ expectations of different types of responsibilities and the degree of skepticism about CSR related to these values. Design/methodology/approach This study surveyed panel participants in two countries, South Korea (collectivistic and long term) and the USA (individualistic and short term), chosen because they are at extreme ends of the cultural values continuum. Multi-dimensional aspects of the cultural variables were tested in the samples rather than using national scores as proxy variables for culture. Data were quantitative and various statistical tests including structural equation modeling were used for analysis. Findings The findings show that horizontal collectivism and the planning dimension of long-term orientation are positively associated with CSR expectations, whereas the tradition dimension of long-term orientation is negatively associated with CSR expectations. In addition, vertical individualism is positively associated with skepticism toward CSR activities. Research limitations/implications The differences in types of individual-collectivism (horizontal and vertical) as well as the different aspects of long-term orientation had an effect on the results, pointing to the importance of exploring the nuances of the dimensions as well as the importance of testing them within the sample rather than using aggregated national scores. Originality/value Previous studies that used a proxy variable for culture assumed that collectivistic cultures have higher expectations for CSR. While empirically supporting the assumption of the relationship between cultural factors and CSR expectations at the individual level, the study found that people who view themselves as autonomous within a group but accept inequality within the group (vertical individualism) are more likely to be skeptical of CSR activities and suggests that skepticism about CSR may be more closely related to individual viewpoints or to particular contexts or particular corporations rather than to cultural factors, which has implications for international corporate communication.

scholarly journals The Influence of Knowledge Sharing on Sustainable Performance: A Moderated Mediation Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munshi Muhammad Abdul Kader Jilani ◽  
Luo Fan ◽  
Mohammad Tazul Islam ◽  
Md. Aftab Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Sustainable Performance ◽  
Knowledge Hiding ◽  
The Impact

The past few decades showed inadequate discussion of the impact of employees’ knowledge sharing and its diffusion on advancing banks’ long-term sustainability. The objective of the study is to examine the role of employees’ knowledge sharing on the sustainable performance of the banks operating in Bangladesh. Furthermore, this study tested the “moderated mediation model” of knowledge hiding and employees’ ambidexterity on the association above. The researchers applied the deductive reasoning method through the application of quantitative techniques, using structural equation modeling. Finally, 287 respondents from different banks were chosen through a self-administered questionnaire survey in the capital city of Dhaka. The findings indicated that all the predictor variables significantly explain the outcome variable, except the influence of knowledge sharing. Mediation analysis showed that employees’ ambidexterity mediated the association between knowledge sharing and sustainable performance. Surprisingly, moderation analysis revealed that the influence of knowledge sharing on employees’ ambidexterity is not affected by knowledge hiding. This study adds to the existing literature by demonstrating the importance of knowledge hiding, along with explaining how knowledge sharing can motivate and influence employees to achieve sustainable performances. In addition, the main contribution of this study is to advance knowledge and add values in the forms of knowledge creation, preservation, and dissemination among practitioners, banking professionals, and academics for utilizing their domain-specific areas to increase long-term sustainability.

scholarly journals Consumer Brand Engagement on Brand Loyalty: The Role of Brand Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evi Susanti ◽  
Mila Rafika ◽  
Tina Melinda
Keyword(s):  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Brand Engagement ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Brand Satisfaction

Purpose: this study examined the impact of CBE on brand loyalty directly and indirectly through brand satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: the survey was given to 80 Islamic banking customers from four leading Islamic banks in Indonesia. The analysis used partial least squares structural equation modeling. Findings: the research findings found a direct relationship between CBE and brand loyalty and an indirect relationship using the brand satisfaction variable as the mediating variable. Research limitations: this study did not use indicators that focus on Islamic banking. Practical implications: these studies are essential to building long-term success. For brand managers, concrete steps can be taken by involving consumers in unique and memorable activities. Originality/value: CBE had an indirect effect on brand loyalty by using brand satisfaction as a mediating variable in Islamic banking. Keywords: consumer brand engagement, brand satisfaction, brand loyalty, Islamic banking

The roles of gender affirmation and discrimination in the resilience of transgender individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Lelutiu-Weinberger ◽  
D English ◽  
P Sandanapitchai
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Gender Affirmation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Transgender individuals face severe stigma-driven health inequities structurally, institutionally and interpersonally, yielding poor individual-level outcomes. Gender affirmation, or being recognized based on one's gender identity, expression and/or role, may be considered a manifestation of resilience. Methods To provide intervention and policy guidelines, we examined latent constructs representative of gender affirmation (legal documentation changes, transition-related medical procedures, familial support) and discrimination (unequal treatment, harassment, and attacks), and tested their impact on mental, physical, and behavioral health outcomes among 17,188 binary-identified transgender participants in the 2015 US Transgender Survey. Results Confirmatory factor analyses revealed high standardized factor loadings for both latent variables, on which we regressed outcomes using structural equation modeling. Fit indices suggested good model fit. Affirmation was associated with lower odds of suicidal ideation (p < .001) and psychological distress (p < .001), and higher odds of substance use (p < .001), and past-year healthcare use and HIV-testing (p < .001). Discrimination was associated with higher odds of suicidal ideation (p < .001), psychological distress (p < .001), substance use (p < .001), and past-year HIV-testing (p < .001). Affirmation and discrimination interaction analyses showed lower odds of past-year suicidal ideation (p < .01), with affirmation having a significant moderating protective effect against discrimination. Conclusions Gender affirmation is paramount in upholding transgender health, and these findings carry global significance, beyond the US. Clarification of affirmation procedures, and increases in its accessibility, equitably across racial/ethnic groups, should become a priority, from policy to the family unit. The impact of discrimination demands continued advocacy via education and policy.

Organizational justice and work withdrawal in Chinese companies

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhong Wang ◽  
Xiang Yi
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Withdrawal Behaviors ◽  
Cross Cultural Management

This paper examines the relationship between organizational justice and work withdrawal in a Chinese context, using the cultural syndrome allocentrism and idiocentrism as moderators. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the proposed model. The results indicate that distributive justice and procedural justice have negative relations with work withdrawal behaviors. Allocentrism and idiocentrism moderates the linkage between procedural justice and work withdrawal. Specifically, perceptions of procedural justice have a negative effect on work withdrawal but this effect is weaker for individuals high on allocentrism and low on idiocentrism. Results indicate that the interacting effects of allocentrism and idiocentrism were not established in the case of distributive justice. This study makes significant theoretical contribution to both cross-cultural management literature and organizational justice literature. It also indicates that cultural orientation should be taken into consideration by managers trying to understand why there might be different reactions from different employees to the same practices and policies in organizations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Preventive, Supportive and Awareness Building Measures among International Students in China in Response to COVID-19: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanwne Sarker ◽  
Apurbo Sarkar ◽  
Md. Ghulam Rabbany ◽  
Milon Barmon ◽  
Rana Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
International Students ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with its high mortality, stigma and panic has compelled many cities and countries to complete lockdown. The worldwide student group is one of the most affected and vulnerable communities in this situation. Our current study aimed to assess the impact of the behavior change communication among international students in China in current COVID-19 crisis.Methods In this paper, we have utilized partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to understand the health behaviour changes of international students in China in response to novel Coronavirus outbreak. We mainly analyzed the relationship among the three selected latent variables (preventive, supportive and awareness building) based on a survey among the international students (n=467) in China in February 2020. We obtained their valuable responses regarding level of awareness, satisfaction and trust in authorities (i.e., government, local authorities and institutions) during this emergency period. Results We utilized 22 indicators in the conceptual framework model with the help of Smart PLS 2.0 version software. The lowest average variance extracted (AVE) for all the constructs of our paper exceeded the minimum accepted value of 0.5, representing the adequate convergent validity. Prediction of students’ satisfaction, the key outcome degree of the model, was nearly moderate, with an R2 = 0.507 whereas the prediction of trust in authorities was above substantial, with an R2 = 0.797. Therefore, our PLS-SEM model showed a strong and significant positive association between preventive and supportive measures taken for the study population and gaining trust, awareness and satisfaction in authorities. Conclusions Integrated partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) can be a great way to measure the satisfaction and trust level of various population groups over government, local authorities, and institutions in public health emergency like COVID-19 crisis. We believe that our findings are important for travel and global health perspectives. Other countries can learn and take necessary initiatives for their international students and general public to halt this deadly epidemic with gaining their satisfaction and trust as well.

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