scholarly journals Sustainable performance of microinsurance in low-income markets

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Last Mazambani ◽  
Emmanuel Mutambara
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Sustainable Performance ◽  
Theoretical Paper ◽  
Individual Metrics

Sustainable performance in microinsurance offering in low-income markets is important to ensure that the service simultaneously achieves corporate profitability and poverty alleviation. Sustainable performance requires a balanced integration of supply and demand factors in the offering of the service. Microinsurance is still supply driven thereby creating a lopsided mismatch between demand and supply that leads to oversupply and low uptake. On the basis of extant literature, the paper aims to propose and discuss factors critical to demand and supply of microinsurance. A conceptual framework for sustainable microinsurance is presented with individual metrics that can be addressed as managerial tools for driving and controlling sustained superior performance. While this is a theoretical paper, microinsurance practitioners may benefit from the application of the presented theory.

scholarly journals The macroeconomic effects of COVID-19 in Montenegro: a Bayesian VARX approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Djurovic ◽  
Vasilije Djurovic ◽  
Martin M. Bojaj
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Stock ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Out Of Sample ◽  
Policy Measures

Abstract This study examines, diagnoses, and assesses appropriate macroeconomic policy responses of the Montenegrin Government to the outbreak of COVID-19. The model econometrically measures the macroeconomic costs using a Bayesian VARX Litterman/Minessota prior to the pandemic disease in terms of demand and supply loss due to illness and closed activities and their effects on GDP growth in various pandemic scenarios. We explore five economic scenarios—shocks—using the available data from January 2006 to December 2019, following real out-of-sample forecasts generated from January 2020 to December 2020. Sensitivity scenarios spanning January 2020 to June 2020 from ± 10 to ± 60% were analyzed. We observed what happens to the supply and demand sides, namely, GDP, tourism, capital stock, human capital, health expenditures, economic freedom, and unemployment. The results show a toll on the GDP, tourism, unemployment, capital stock, and especially human capital for 2020. The recommended policy measures are public finance spending initiatives focused on securing employment and keeping highly qualified staff in Montenegrin companies. Considering all uncertainties, the rebound of the Montenegrin economy could take a few years to reach pre-COVID 19 output levels.

Managerial Economics – Family Medicine Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ecler Jaqua ◽  
Terry Jaqua ◽  
Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Pricing Strategy ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Is Research ◽  
The Us ◽  
Managerial Economics

Supply and demand are amongst the essential requirements before starting up a business. Understanding the quantity of a commodity wished to be sold by producers based on different prices and the item needed by consumers wish purchasing is essential in coming up with ideas. Based on the understanding of this and background research on costs in healthcare, specifically family medicine, it is found that healthcare is amongst the essential requirements, and thus the critical focus of the business idea in a physician’s practice focusing on family medicine care in the US. Starting up the business is based on healthcare demands in the market and further the pricing strategy utilized by most family medicine clinics. Through a connection to the business based on visits in hospitals and the quality offered by these service providers, it is noted that the demand is high and is the most expensive sector in the world, but care is ineffective (The Peterson Center on Healthcare, n.d.) thus leading to searching for effective alternatives by consumers. This creates a potential for offering the most effective services to cater to the demands, and as noted by the Peterson Center on Healthcare (n.d.), the US healthcare system is the most expensive, and costs are projected to grow dramatically in the coming years thus creating the most significant business opportunity to entrepreneurs. By adjusting the resources and trying to cater to the demand in various locations, the key idea is to cater to the need and profit from the sector. The concern of gaining information in the market is research on different healthcare websites and the prices offered and the quality of their services. This will aid in adjusting the prices effectively and thus retaining the demand and supply chain.

scholarly journals PERSONNEL SUPPLY AND DEMAND FOR CIVIL AVIATORS IN TAIWAN

Transport ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Tsai Lin ◽  
Pin-Ju Juan
Keyword(s):  
Moving Average ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Grey Theory ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Study Results

This work was based on data from 2000–2005 provided by the Civil Aeronautics Administration Ministry of Transportation and Communications, and applied the GM (1,1) model of Grey theory to forecast annual demand and supply for civil aviators in Taiwan. This work adopted a five‐year moving average to calculate the transition probability for civil aviators in Taiwan from 2006–2010 considering various levels of seniority. The study results provide a valuable reference for the relevant authorities in identifying the manpower policies of Taiwanese airlines.

scholarly journals AI Combine with Wishing Tree Hole, Spitting Tree Hole and Shared Time Bank

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02022
Author(s):  
Shih-Feng Chang ◽  
Wei-Zheng Zhang ◽  
Wan-Yin Liang ◽  
Jia-Yue Qiu ◽  
Sui Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Time Bank ◽  
Shared Time ◽  
Education Support ◽  
Effective Use

Under the thinking of “sharing economy”, Wish Magic wants to create a platform called “shared time bank”, so that users of the platform can store their free time in the “shared time bank” platform in advance. Then, according to the precise docking of products and services as well as supply and demand, Wish Magic also carries out the “wishing tree hole” platform to effectively interact with users according to the latest news and wish list released by users, and regularly goes to poor areas to carry out relevant poverty alleviation activities, so as to provide education support for local people with educational needs and truly play the role of targeted poverty alleviation. In addition, in today’s situation of prevailing pressure, Wish Magic will also create a “spitting tree hole” platform to provide a space for everyone to spit and vent their negative energy, and provide advice for everyone in work, study, love or marriage and other aspects, and help to solve practical problems. The combination of these three platforms enable people to arrange their time reasonably, make effective use of resources, and help people improve their work efficiency and quality of life, so as to create greater economic and social benefits.

scholarly journals INTEREST FREE MICROFINANCE: A GATEWAY OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION FOR KERALA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4SE) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Fazal Muhammed
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Poor

Microfinance is a powerful poverty alleviation tool. It implies provision of financial services to poor and low-income people whose low economic standing excludes them from formal financial systems. Access to services such as, credit, venture capital, savings, insurance, remittance is provided on a micro-scale enabling participation of those with severely limited financial means. The provision of financial services to the poor helps to increase household income and economic security, build assets and reduce vulnerability; creates demand for other goods and services; and stimulates local economies. A large number of studies on poverty however, indicate that exclusion of the poor from the financial system is a major factor contributing to their inability to participate in the development process. In a typical developing economy the formal financial system serves no more than twenty to thirty percent of the population. The vast majority of those who are excluded are poor.

scholarly journals Financial Prudence through Financial Education: A Conceptual Framework for Financial Inclusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-166
Author(s):  
Laily Dwi Arsyianti Laily Dwi Arsyianti
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Financial Behaviors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Low Income Households

This paper aims to develop a framework to improve financial prudence through financial education and financial inclusion for low-income households in Indonesia. Knowledge shapes attitude, which later influences behavior. A household, in terms of its social production function, needs to feel secure financially in order not to fall into insolvency or bankruptcy. Households that are equipped with better financial education and knowledge are more likely to undertake recommended financial behaviors. By targeting the low-income group through a financial inclusion agenda, the government, Islamic social finance practitioners, and academicians enable low-income households to act with financial prudence.

Demographic Change, Prostitution, and Sexually Transmitted Infection Rates in China

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avraham Ebenstein ◽  
Ethan J. Sharygin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of

China has experienced an explosion in the sex ratio at birth, with 25 million more men than women younger than 20 (2005 census). This chapter examines the implications of large numbers of men failing to marry on the supply-and-demand dynamics of sex work, with a focus on how this affects the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The chapter begins with a history of prostitution in China and describes the massive increase in sex work following economic reforms in the late 1970s. It then analyzes the current dynamics of demand and supply for sex work in China, using national census data and detailed microdata on sex workers. The authors find a clear link between high-population sex ratios, the prevalence of sex work, and STI rates. The analysis concludes with projections for the future and a discussion of policy responses in light of an anticipated increase in sex work.

Using a Resistance Lens to Understand Performative Compliance of Low-Income Lone Mothers

Affilia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 088610992110560
Author(s):  
Silvia L. Vilches ◽  
Jane Pulkingham
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Support Staff ◽  
The Self ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Welfare To Work ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Lone Mothers ◽  
State And Market ◽  
Income Assistance

The agency of lone mothers who rely on government income supports is often erased by the discourse of dependency, especially under welfare-to-work eligibility criteria. Here we apply the concept of small acts of micro-resistance in constrained circumstances, augmented by conceptualization of resistance as conscious oppositionality and intentionality to understand the agency of lone-mothers who receive income-assistance (IA) as they make-do and raise children under state- and market-enforced rules. Using a resistance lens reveals the interconnected importance of everyday acts like “talking back” to income-support staff, surreptitious gleaning of goods for resale, and re-storying the self. We describe these in three modalities: resistance as evasion and subterfuge; resistance through asserting positive identities; and resistance in forging their own path. Using a conceptual framework of resistance reveals the extent to which women’s survival and capacity to raise children are contingent on a performance of compliance, demonstrating the impacts of welfare-to-work on female-headed lone parent families.

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