scholarly journals The coping strategies of community  pharmacists and pharmaceutical services provided during COVID-19 in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kok Pim Kua ◽  
Shaun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Customers

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in profound health challenges across the globe. Pharmacists’ readiness to cope with the pandemic is critical in supporting and sustaining the healthcare workforce to meet the challenges. Objective This study aims to examine community pharmacists’ views on their work environment, policies, and preparedness for safe retail patronage to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 and assess the variables influencing coping strategies during the pandemic. Setting An online survey of pharmacists practicing in community pharmacy setting in Malaysia. Method A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Malaysia to evaluate coping strategies of community pharmacists and pharmaceutical services provided during COVID-19 pandemic. Between May 1 and July 31, 2020, the questionnaire was distributed to pharmacists working in community setting nationwide utilizing a snowball sampling method. Main outcome measure Community pharmacists’ perceptions on safety, resilience, organizational support, and pharmaceutical services offered during COVID-19 pandemic. Results A total of 217 pharmacists participated in the study. The vast majority of community pharmacists reported a positive outlook and were able to balance working with self-care during this period. Most reported to have access to personal protective equipment such as gloves and hand sanitizers. A large proportion of community pharmacies also installed physical barriers in doorways or in front of the counter, put markings on the ground to section areas to ensure physical distancing, and controlled the number of customers who could access the pharmacy during this period. Innovations reported to be implemented included teleconsultations and providing curb-side or drive-through delivery and pickup services. Conclusion The findings suggest the frontline and essential roles of community pharmacists in delivering pandemic responses, creating the opportunity to determine areas where community pharmacy services can be incorporated to strengthen the public health system and improve patient health outcomes.

scholarly journals The coping strategies of community  pharmacists and pharmaceutical services provided during COVID-19 in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kok Pim Kua ◽  
Shaun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Customers

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in profound health challenges across the globe. Pharmacists’ readiness to cope with the pandemic is critical in supporting and sustaining the healthcare workforce to meet the challenges. Objective This study aims to examine community pharmacists’ views on their work environment, policies, and preparedness for safe retail patronage to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 and assess the variables influencing coping strategies during the pandemic. Setting An online survey of pharmacists practicing in community pharmacy setting in Malaysia. Method A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Malaysia to evaluate coping strategies of community pharmacists and pharmaceutical services provided during COVID-19 pandemic. Between May 1 and July 31, 2020, the questionnaire was distributed to pharmacists working in community setting nationwide utilizing a snowball sampling method. Main outcome measure Community pharmacists’ perceptions on safety, resilience, organizational support, and pharmaceutical services offered during COVID-19 pandemic. Results A total of 217 pharmacists participated in the study. The vast majority of community pharmacists reported a positive outlook and were able to balance working with self-care during this period. Most reported to have access to personal protective equipment such as gloves and hand sanitizers. A large proportion of community pharmacies also installed physical barriers in doorways or in front of the counter, put markings on the ground to section areas to ensure physical distancing, and controlled the number of customers who could access the pharmacy during this period. Innovations reported to be implemented included teleconsultations and providing curb-side or drive-through delivery and pickup services. Conclusion The findings suggest the frontline and essential roles of community pharmacists in delivering pandemic responses, creating the opportunity to determine areas where community pharmacy services can be incorporated to strengthen the public health system and improve patient health outcomes.

scholarly journals COVID-19: the psychological impact and coping strategies among youth during lockdown in India: the role of education

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3848
Author(s):  
M. M. Rajeev ◽  
U. Harikrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Comparison ◽  
And Coping

Background: COVID-19 is a biological disaster and its impact on the psychological wellbeing among individuals in the society. It affected all age group in the society and the youth are more vulnerable in the pandemic. The aim of the study was to understand the stress, anxiety, depression level and coping strategies among youth during the early stage of lockdown period in India.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study and 302 youth across India were respond ended through snowball sampling method. An online survey through google form and the tools were socio-demographic details, DASS-21 and coping strategies questionnaire. The self-reported English version online questionnaire were analysed through SPSS.Results: The study found that 36.8% of youth had stress, 32% of them had anxiety whereas 48.7% had depressive symptoms and 30.4% send their time in social networking sites during the early stage of lockdown in India. There were significant comparison between depression and recreational activities (x2=6.92; p=0.03) and highly significant comparison between depression and spending times in hobbies (x2=8.32; p=0.01).Conclusions: The youth need psychosocial care and support during this pandemic and the youth need to take up physical-mental-spiritual self-care activities.

scholarly journals Young adults’ coping strategies against loneliness during the COVID-19-related quarantine in Greece

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianos Golemis ◽  
Panteleimon Voitsidis ◽  
Eleni Parlapani ◽  
Vasiliki A Nikopoulou ◽  
Virginia Tsipropoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Cross Sectional

Summary COVID-19 and the related quarantine disrupted young adults’ academic and professional life, daily routine and socio-emotional well-being. This cross-sectional study focused on the emotional and behavioural responses of a young adult population during the COVID-19-related quarantine in April 2020, in Greece. The study was conducted through an online survey. A total of 1559 young adults, aged 18−30 years, completed Steele’s Social Responsibility Motivation Scale and the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, and answered questions about compliance with instructions, quarantine-related behaviours and coping strategies. According to the results, participants displayed a relatively high sense of social responsibility (M = 16.09, SD = 2.13) and a trend towards moderate feeling of loneliness (M = 2.65, SD = 1.62); young women reported significantly higher levels of loneliness than men. The majority complied with instructions often (46.4%) or always (44.8%). Significantly more women created a new social media account and used the social media longer than 5 h/day, compared with men. Resorting to religion, practicing sports and sharing thoughts and feelings about COVID-19 with others predicted higher levels of social responsibility; humour, practicing sports and sharing thoughts and feelings about COVID-19 with others predicted lower levels of loneliness. Conclusively, COVID-19 is expected to have a significant psychological impact on young adults. Currently, Greece is going through the second quarantine period. This study raises awareness about loneliness in young adults during the COVID-19-related quarantine and highlights the importance of developing online programmes, attractive to younger people, to nurture adaptive coping strategies against loneliness.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of Community pharmacists regarding COVID-19: A cross-sectional survey in two provinces of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Khayal Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad Saqlain ◽  
Gul Muhammad ◽  
Ataullah Hamdard ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Knowledge Age ◽  
Good Attitude

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic having no therapy and pharmacists being a part of the healthcare system had a vital role in the management of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of community pharmacists (CPs) regarding COVID-19. An online survey was conducted among 393 CPs in two provinces of Pakistan during the lockdown period. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach alpha, 0.745) was used for data collection. All statistical analysis was analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Among 393 participants, 71.5% (n=281) had good knowledge, 44% (n=175) positive attitude and 57.3% (n=225) had good practice regarding COVID-19. Social media (45.29%, n=178) was reported as the main source to seek information of COVID-19. Good knowledge, age ≥ 26 years and Ph.D. degree level were the substantial determinants (p= <0.05) of a good attitude. Similarly, community pharmacist who had an experience of >5 years, hold a Ph.D. degree, good knowledge and good attitude had higher odds of good practice as compared to reference categories (p= <0.05). In short, majority of CPs had good knowledge, but had a poor attitude and practice towards the COVID-19. Standard-structured educational and counselling programs for CPs regarding COVID-19 are needed for effective management.

scholarly journals Concerns in the Norwegian Population during the Initial Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6119
Author(s):  
Inger Schou-Bredal ◽  
Laila Skogstad ◽  
Tine K. Grimholt ◽  
Tore Bonsaksen ◽  
Øivind Ekeberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Response Alternatives

Although concern affects one’s welfare or happiness, few studies to date have focused on peoples’ concerns during the initial COVID-19 lockdown. The aim of the study was to explore concerns in the Norwegian populations according to gender and age, and identify which concerns were most prominent during the lockdown. A population-based cross-sectional online survey using snowball-sampling strategies was conducted, to which 4527 adults (≥18 years) responded. Questions related to concerns had response alternatives yes or no. In addition, they were asked which concern was most prominent. Nearly all the 4527 respondents (92%) reported that they were concerned: 60.9% were generally concerned about the pandemic, 83.9% were concerned about family and friends, 21.8% had financial concerns, and 25.3% expected financial loss. More women were concerned about family and friends than males, (85.2% vs. 76.2%, p < 0.001), whereas more men expected financial loss (30.4% vs. 24.4%y, p = 0.001). Younger adults (<50 years) had more financial concerns than older adults (25.9% vs. 10.5%, p < 0.001). Being concerned about family and friends was the most prominent concern and was associated with; lower age (OR 0.79), female gender (OR 1.59), and being next of kin (2.42). The most prominent concern for adults 70 years or older was being infected by COVID-19. In conclusion, women and younger individuals were most concerned. While adults under 70 years of age were most concerned about family and friends and adults 70 years or older were most concerned about being infected by COVID-19.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on autistic adults – a survey

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor James Davidson ◽  
Keri Lodge ◽  
Alwyn Kam
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Autistic Adults ◽  
The Impact

Purpose To date there has been limited research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on autistic people. This study aims to present the results of a survey of autistic people (n = 51) conducted by a UK specialist autism team. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional online survey. Findings A total of 72% respondents reported either some or significant deterioration in mental health during the pandemic. The issues that caused most negative impact were uncertainty over what will happen next and disruption of normal routine. Respondents reported a variety of coping strategies to help them through the pandemic. Originality/value To date there has been little research looking specifically at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on autistic people. This paper adds weight to the evidence that the pandemic has had a particularly severe impact on autistic adults and includes useful information on potential coping strategies for this population.

Australian pharmacists’ willingness to conduct rapid HIV testing in community pharmacies

Sexual Health ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Santella ◽  
Timothy E. Schlub ◽  
Damien Fagan ◽  
Richard J. Hillman ◽  
Ines Krass
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rapid Hiv Testing ◽  
Australian Community

Community pharmacists are expanding their roles in health care, especially as they are distributed over wide geographical areas and are often open long hours. New rapid HIV testing technologies may offer further opportunities to expand their roles. A cross-sectional, online survey of Australian community pharmacists found most prepared to provide treatment to HIV patients, with the majority willing to become involved in rapid HIV testing.

scholarly journals An Observational Study to Assess Anxiety Disorder among Women during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Sain ◽  
Indira Dey
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Past History ◽  
Family Type ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Morbidity

Introduction: World Health Organisation (WHO) declared 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) infection as a pandemic. Government of India imposed a nationwide lockdown to break the chain of transmission in the community to halt the pandemic. The unprecedented measure led to severe emotional distress among the general population, especially women. Aim: To assess the burden of anxiety disorder perceived by women during the COVID-19 pandemic and their precipitating factors. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among the women residing in West Bengal for more than six months and has access to electronic media, internet services, and/or with an account in any social media. The online survey was conducted via electronic communication and the snowball sampling method was used to recruit 980 study participants. An electronic version of a semi-structured questionnaire was developed with a consent form attached to it and the link of the questionnaire was sent through e-mails, WhatsApp, and other social media to the contacts of the researcher. A self-administered questionnaire obtained information regarding socio-demographic features, personal history, past history of chronic morbidity, family history, and anxiety disorder by Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 item (GAD-7) scale. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used as a test of significance. The data was compiled, analysed, and presented. Results: Around 203 (20.7%) adult women were suffering from reasonable anxiety. Socio-demographic factors like residence, religion, education, and profession were more significantly associated but age, family type, and marital status were not significantly associated. Addiction, chronic morbidity, and experience of recurrent non-specific signs and symptoms had a significant association with reasonable anxiety. The regression model explained that working women had less chance and those with recurrent non-specific symptoms had more chance to suffer from reasonable anxiety. Conclusion: The study assessed the burden of anxiety disorder faced by women during the pandemic. It has provided further insight into the risk factors associated with it and a person’s vulnerability to anxiety disorder. Thus, it helped in developing targeted intervention strategies for the vulnerable segment of the population.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pharmacists' Knowledge of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Medication Drug Plan Star Ratings

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Alyson O'Leary ◽  
Bella Mehta ◽  
Brianne Porter ◽  
Amy Lehman ◽  
Jennifer L. Rodis
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Knowledge ◽  
Drug Plan ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
High Knowledge

Objectives: 1) Evaluate Ohio pharmacists’ awareness about Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service’s (CMS) Medication Drug Plan (MDP) Star Ratings, 2) identify gaps in knowledge about CMS MDP Star Ratings, and 3) determine interest in continuing education (CE) opportunities with CMS PDP Star Ratings. Methods: A cross-sectional, online survey was conducted in February 2015. The 16-question, pilot-tested survey targeted licensed pharmacists in Ohio practicing in the ambulatory care or community setting. Respondents were surveyed on their self-assessed and actual knowledge on CMS MDP Star Ratings. Respondent’s interest in and preferred source and delivery of CE were evaluated. Data were collected in aggregate; descriptive statistics, ANOVA and chi-square tests were used to characterize and evaluate data. Responses were summarized for all 16 questions using frequencies and percentages. Results: Of 13,235 licensed Ohio pharmacists, 913 pharmacists completed the survey (6.9% response rate). 454 (49.7%) respondents were eligible to complete the survey based on practice setting and of those, 390 (85.9%) were aware of CMS’s MDP Star Ratings. Respondents’ self-assessment of their knowledge regarding CMS Star Ratings aligned with their actual knowledge as defined by performance on three multi-statement knowledge-based assessments. Significant differences existed between self-assessed knowledge groups in their ability to answer greater than 50% of questions correctly (p < .001). The majority of respondents (81.2%) indicated interest in receiving further education on CMS Star Ratings. Conclusions: Survey respondents are aware of CMS MDP Star Ratings, yet few indicated high knowledge levels on the topic. Gaps in knowledge were identified in development and utilization of the rating system, identifying quality measures, and sources utilized to measure achievement of ratings. Respondents indicated interest in opportunities to improve knowledge on the subject and would prefer education provided by their employer with a live presentation.   Type: Student Project

9 Children/young people taking long-term medicines – a survey of the experiences of community pharmacists

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. e2.49-e2
Author(s):  
Jeff Aston
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Medication Review ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
List Type ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Medicines Use ◽  
Medicines Use Review

AimTo identify the experiences of community pharmacists in caring for children/young people, or their parents/carers, taking long-term medicines.MethodA pre-piloted 13 point semi-structured survey, participant information leaflet, consent form and pre-paid return envelope were posted to all 354 community pharmacists who had dispensed a prescription from a single specialist paediatric hospital during November and December 2015. Community pharmacy addresses were obtained from the National Health Service Business Services Authority ePACT system. Telephone follow-up of non-responders and, if necessary, a repeat mailing was made from 3 weeks after the original return by date.Participants were asked about their experiences of undertaking a medication review with either children/young people or their parents/carers, medication-related problems presenting to them, adherence, information needs of patients/carers and what issues were reported to them from this group.The data were analysed using SPSS version 22 and NVivo version 10.ResultsA response rate of 76/354 (21.5%) was achieved. Eighteen (23.7%) respondents had undertaken a Medicines Use Review (MUR),122 (28.9%) a New Medicines Service (NMS)2 review and 16 (21.1%) had undertaken another type of medication review in a child/young person. Respondents reported that patients or their carers had presented to them with adherence issues including stopping the medicine (24, 31.6%) and changing the dose (28, 36.8%) without informing the prescriber. Patients or their carers had requested information from them about the indication (59, 77.6%), dose regime (63, 82.9%), administration (64, 84.2%) and adverse effects (58, 76.6%). Respondents also reported patients/carers experiencing difficulties obtaining further supplies of a medicine from their community pharmacy (47, 61.8%) and patients’ general practitioners declining to prescribe a medicine recommended by the patient’s hospital-based specialist (27, 35.5%).ConclusionThis study has demonstrated that children, and their carers, taking long-term medicines experience a range of issues that they present to community pharmacists. Many of these issues would fall within the purview of currently funded medication review services namely the NMS and MUR.1,2 However, the proportion of pharmacists in this study undertaking formal medication review with children or their parents/carers was low. Further work is required to demonstrate the outcomes that such a review could have in this cohort of patients.ReferencesPharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee. MURs: The basics. What is the medicines use review and prescription intervention service? [Internet] 2016. Available from: MURs: The basics http://psnc.org.uk/services-commissioning/advanced-services/murs/murs-the-basics/ [Available: 19 May 2016].Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee. New Medicines Service (NMS) [Internet] 2016. http://psnc.org.uk/services-commissioning/advanced-services/nms/ [Available: 19 May 2016].

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