scholarly journals Spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem services in South China Karst and driving mechanism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihao ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Phosphorus Export

To explore the above-mentioned problems, we analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of ES (WY, SC, NPP, nitrogen and phosphorus export, HQ, CS, and Bio) in SCK, and combined policy (GFG), natural factors (MP, MT, PET, and VC) and human activities (PD, NL, GDP, FL, Forest, Grass, BL and UL) discussed the driving forces of ES changes in different landscapes. The results showed that from 1982 to 2018, WY, nitrogen Export, HQ, CS and Bio in SCK showed a decreasing trend, while SC and NPP showed an increasing trend. WY had a large decrease in all ES, a decrease of 13.23%; while NPP had a large increase, an increase of 19.16%. Comparing different landscape, the study found that SC, NPP, nitrogen and phosphorus export, CS and Bio in non-karst were higher than in karst, while HQ was the opposite. This study showed that natural factors (MP, MT, PET and VC) are the main factors of affecting ES in SCK, and found that the driving factors of ES indicators in different landscapes (karst and non-karst) are not the same. The study emphasized mountain enclosure for afforestation in karst suitable forests and barren hills to restore ES; fast-growing and pioneer species with a large amount of fine roots were planted in wasteland and rocky desertification areas to increase soil conservation services in the early ecosystems; through the policy of migration and employment, the human disturbance to nature can be reduced and habitat quality and biodiversity service can be improved.

scholarly journals Optimization of Rocky Desertification Classification Model Based on Vegetation Type and Seasonal Characteristic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2935
Author(s):  
Chunhua Qian ◽  
Hequn Qiang ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Mingyang Li
Keyword(s):  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Model Accuracy ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
The North ◽  
Svm Model

Building a high-precision, stable, and universal automatic extraction model of the rocky desertification information is the premise for exploring the spatiotemporal evolution of rocky desertification. Taking Guizhou province as the research area and based on MODIS and continuous forest inventory data in China, we used a machine learning algorithm to build a rocky desertification model with bedrock exposure rate, temperature difference, humidity, and other characteristic factors and considered improving the model accuracy from the spatial and temporal dimensions. The results showed the following: (1) The supervised classification method was used to build a rocky desertification model, and the logical model, RF model, and SVM model were constructed separately. The accuracies of the models were 73.8%, 78.2%, and 80.6%, respectively, and the kappa coefficients were 0.61, 0.672, and 0.707, respectively. SVM performed the best. (2) Vegetation types and vegetation seasonal phases are closely related to rocky desertification. After combining them, the model accuracy and kappa coefficient improved to 91.1% and 0.861. (3) The spatial distribution characteristics of rocky desertification in Guizhou are obvious, showing a pattern of being heavy in the west, light in the east, heavy in the south, and light in the north. Rocky desertification has continuously increased from 2001 to 2019. In conclusion, combining the vertical spatial structure of vegetation and the differences in seasonal phase is an effective method to improve the modeling accuracy of rocky desertification, and the SVM model has the highest rocky desertification classification accuracy. The research results provide data support for exploring the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of rocky desertification in Guizhou.

scholarly journals Industrial Land Change in Chinese Silk Road Cities and Its Influence on Environments

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 806
Author(s):  
Sidong Zhao ◽  
Yiran Yan ◽  
Jing Han
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Land Change ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

The “Belt and Road” has developed from a Chinese initiative to an international consensus, and Silk Road cities are becoming a strategic step for its high-quality development. From the perspective of industrialization, the “Belt and Road” can be regarded as a “spillover” effect of the industrialization process in China. With the spatial shift of Chinese industries along the “Belt and Road” and their clustering in Silk Road cities, the development and change of industrial land in Silk Road cities has become a new area of concern for governments and scholars. In this paper, the driving mechanism of industrial land change in 129 cities along the Silk Road in China is empirically studied by the GeoDetector method. The findings include: first, the development and changes of industrial land in Silk Road cities are significantly spatially heterogeneous, and the “Belt and Road” reshapes the town system and economic geography along the route by virtue of the differentiated configuration and changes of industrial land, changing the social, political, landscape and spatial relations in cities on the line. Second, the driving forces of industrial land change in Silk Road cities under the influence of the “Belt and Road Initiative” are increasingly diversified and differentiated, with significant two-factor enhancement and non-linear enhancement interaction between two driving factors, and growing complexity of the driving mechanisms, requiring policy makers to design policies based on key factors, comprehensive factors and their interaction. Third, the environmental effect of industrial land change is highly complex. The industrial land quantity has a direct impact on the ecological state parameter and plays a decisive role in the quality of the ecological environment and its changes in Silk Road cities. However, changes in the industrial land affect the ecological state change indirectly, mainly interacting with it through the coupling of pollutant and carbon dioxide emissions, energy use, ecological planning and landscape design and policy interventions. Finally, this study provides a new framework and method for Silk Road scholars to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use and coverage in cities along the “Belt and Road” and their influence mechanisms, and provides a basis for the government to make decisions on industrial land supply and layout planning and spatial governance policy design, which is of great theoretical significance and practical value.

scholarly journals Analysis of influence of natural and technogenic factors on architectural monuments sustainability within historical centre of Lviv

2014 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Petro Voloshyn
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Active Zone ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Geological Environment ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Architectural Monument ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Historical Centre

The main factors that influenced on sustainability of architectural monuments were considered. Among natural factors principle role belongs to presence of soils with sensor features in buildings active zone, and significant changes of those features under influence of technogenic press. Constructive features of buildings, kinds of building materials and their age belong to technogenic factors. Key words: architectural monument, sustainability, deformation, basement, geological environment, soil features.

scholarly journals Land‐use dominates climate controls on nitrogen and phosphorus export from managed and natural Nordic headwater catchments

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (25) ◽  
pp. 4831-4850
Author(s):  
Heleen A. Wit ◽  
Ahti Lepistö ◽  
Hannu Marttila ◽  
Hannah Wenng ◽  
Marianne Bechmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Headwater Catchments ◽  
Climate Controls ◽  
Phosphorus Export

scholarly journals Quantifying Urban Sprawl and Its Driving Forces in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jintao Wang ◽  
Shiyou Qu ◽  
Ke Peng ◽  
Yanchao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Land Supply ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Derived Data

Against the background that urbanization has proceeded quickly in China over the last two decades, a limited number of empirical researches have been performed for analyzing the measurement and driving forces of urban sprawl at the national and regional level. The article aims at using remote sensing derived data and administrative data (for statistical purposes) to investigate the development status of urban sprawl together with its driving forces. Compared with existing studies, NPP/VIIRS data and LandScan data were used here to examine urban sprawl from two different perspectives: urban population sprawl and urban land sprawl. Furthermore, we used population density as a counter-indicator of urban sprawl, and the regression results also prove the superiority of the urban sprawl designed by us. The main results show that the intensity of urban population sprawl and urban land sprawl has been enhanced. However, the upside-down between the inflow of migrants and the supply of urban construction land among different regions aggravates the intensity of urban sprawl. According to the regression analyses, the driving mechanism of urban sprawl in the eastern region relying on land finance and financial development has lost momentum for the limitation of urban construction land supply. The continuous outflow of population and loosely land supply have accelerated the intensity of urban land sprawl in the central and western regions. The findings of the article may help people to realize that urban sprawl has become a staggering reality among Chinese cities; thereby urban planners as well as policymakers should make some actions to hinder the urban sprawl.

scholarly journals Structure of the phytoplankton community in the Cachoeira Dourada reservoir (GO/MG), Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Teixeira de Oliveira ◽  
O. Rocha ◽  
AC. Peret
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Physical And Chemical Variables ◽  
Algal Assemblages ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The limnological features and the phytoplankton community of the Cachoeira Dourada reservoir were analyzed in December 2006, May 2007 and November 2007. Temporal changes in the taxonomic composition, density, diversity and dominance of species were analyzed in relation to climatic factors and the physical and chemical characteristics of the water. A positive correlation was found between some of the physical and chemical variables and the phytoplankton community. According to the CCA, variables such as the extent of the euphotic zone, temperature, pH, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations directly affected the phytoplankton dynamics. Organisms belonging to the class Cyanophyceae were the most representative in all the sampling periods, comprising the functional groups K, S1, M and H. Hydrodynamics and seasonal fluctuations of environmental factors were the driving forces determining the composition and abundance of the algal assemblages. Despite the prevalence of Cyanobacteria, the reservoir is still oligotrophic. The absence of blooms and the relatively low population abundances indicated that the quality of the reservoir's water still lies within the limits required for its multiples uses.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Evolution and the Driving Forces of the Coupling Coordination Degree between Urbanization and Urban Residents’ Livelihood Level in Mongolia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Cui ◽  
Honghong Liu ◽  
Ye Xiao ◽  
Nana Cui ◽  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Secondary Industry ◽  
Coordination Degree

Rapid expansion in Mongolia has resulted in an inequality in livelihood, growing air pollution, and unevenly distributed social goods, which implies that the urbanization of Mongolia is experiencing a chronic imbalance. Using 21 Aimags and 1 capital in Mongolia as the research object, this paper provides a detailed assessment of the coupling coordination degree (CCD) to analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between urbanization and urban residents’ livelihood level. The results suggest that there is a serious imbalance in the coordination of urban development and urban residents’ livelihood among the Aimags of Mongolia. The high CCD values were mainly concentrated in the central regions of Mongolia, while the low values were clustered in the western and eastern areas. The spatial Durbin model was employed to analyze the driving forces of the CCD, and the results imply that the secondary industry share and the number of registered enterprises play significant roles in promoting coordination between urbanization and urban residents’ livelihood level. Here, we present an overview of how our analysis can provide useful insights for policymakers and decision makers.

Long-Term Observations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Export in Paired-Agricultural Watersheds under Controlled and Conventional Tile Drainage

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1589-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Sunohara ◽  
N. Gottschall ◽  
G. Wilkes ◽  
E. Craiovan ◽  
E. Topp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tile Drainage ◽  
Agricultural Watersheds ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Export
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