REACTIVATION OF TUBERCULOSIS AND COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease caused by a novel coronavirus that can lead to severe acute respiratory failure. Recent studies have shown that aggravating factors in the etiology of COVID-19 disease include genetic defects and autoantibodies against type 1 interferon. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an immobile aerobic bacillus that causes tuberculosis disease. SARS-CoV-2 infection and immunosuppressive drugs may temporarily inhibit immunologic system, then may lead to active tuberculosis by reactivation or infection of M. tuberculosis. We aimed to show that there is a relationship between covid-19 infection and an increase in the number of tuberculosis patients. Eight patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in the Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Clinics of Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty between March 2020 and May 2021 were enrolled in this study. The presence of COVID-19 infection was confirmed by COVID-19 antibody test and patient’s detailed medical history. The patient with negative antibody test was also included in the study if other family members confirmed for COVID-19 infection by RT-PCR. We evaluated demographic data, laboratory findings, imaging tests and pathology results of all patients. The remarkable increase in the number of tuberculosis activation in the recent year suggests the role of COVID-19 infection. The pathologic structure of the virus may be responsible of the increase, although the mechanism is not fully understood. Further research should be done on this topic.

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Case Series of Dengue Treated with Homoeopathic Intervention

Homœopathic Links ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1688454 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (01) ◽

pp. 031-035

Author(s):

Padmalaya Rath ◽

Bhopal Singh Arya ◽

Anil Kumar Vichitra ◽

Udaiveer Singh

Keyword(s):

Dengue Virus ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Antiviral Treatment ◽

Case Series ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Central Research Institute ◽

Central Research ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Eupatorium Perfoliatum

Background Dengue is an infectious mosquito-borne disease in India and is caused by a virus named as dengue virus. It is also known as break bone fever, is a painful and sometimes fatal viral disease characterized by headache, skin rash and debilitating muscle and joint pains. In India, dengue is becoming a public health problem. The predominant dengue virus serotypes during the last few years have been DENV-2 and DENV-3. There is no specific antiviral treatment currently available for dengue fever. Time to time many dengue cases treated with homoeopathic medicine successfully have been reported. Methodology Demographic data, symptoms and laboratory findings were collected from patients with confirmed dengue infections treated from outpatient department and inpatient department of Dr. D. P. R. Central Research Institute for Homoeopathy, Noida, from September 2015 to October 2015. Results Four dengue infected patients were treated successfully by homoeopathic medicine Eupatorium perfoliatum without any complication. Conclusion Dengue requires early diagnosis and treatment. Dengue can be managed with homoeopathy. Further studies are mandatory as evidence-based data in the management of dengue are sparse.

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Cocaine-Induced Midline Destructive Lesions (CIMDL): A Real Challenge in Diagnosis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18157831 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 7831

Author(s):

Michele Di Cosola ◽

Mariateresa Ambrosino ◽

Luisa Limongelli ◽

Gianfranco Favia ◽

Andrea Santarelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Complete Blood Count ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Venereal Disease ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Detailed Medical History ◽

Recurrent Sinus ◽

Conclusive Diagnosis

The prolonged use of intranasal cocaine can destroy the nasal architecture with the erosion of the palate, turbinates, and ethmoid sinuses causing cocaine-induced midline lesions (CIMDL). The CIMDL display a clinical pattern mimicking variable diseases. The aim of this study was to highlight the difficulties in reaching a correct diagnosis through the evaluation of eight new cases. The diagnostic procedures followed in these patients included: detailed medical history, clinical and histological examination, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, laboratory findings (complete blood count, sedimentation rate, antinuclear antibody test, rheumatoid factor, venereal disease research laboratory test, leishmaniasis and fungal serology, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ANCA test), and chest X-ray. All patients complained of epistaxis, halitosis, nasal scabs and obstruction, decreased sense of smell and/or taste, oro-nasal regurgitation of solids and liquids with recurrent sinus infections, and chronic facial pain. On clinical examination, all patients showed palate perforation with variable nasal structure involvement and presented a strong positivity for ANCA tests with a p-ANCA pattern. The followed protocol for the CIMDL diagnosis allowed for a relatively quick and conclusive diagnosis in all patients. A multidisciplinary approach is mandatory in the management of CIMDL, involving dental professionals, maxillofacial surgeons, and psychologists.

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The prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2016-0111 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Tuba Bulut ◽

Fatma Demirel ◽

Ayşe Metin

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Diabetic Children ◽

And Control ◽

Blood Lipid Levels

AbstractBackground:Dyslipidemia increases the frequency and severity of micro and macrovascular complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The present study aims to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its association with clinical and laboratory findings in diabetic children and adolescents.Methods:The study included 202 children and adolescents with T1D. Demographic data and laboratory findings were obtained from patients files.Results:Dyslipidemia prevalence was found to be 26.2%. Hypercholesterolemia (15.8%) and hyperglyceridemia (12.9%) were most common findings. Age, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin AConclusions:Blood lipid levels should be monitored regularly and nutrition education should be repeated periodically to prevent and control dyslipidemia in patients with T1D. Smoking-related risks should be a part of patient education in the pubertal period.

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Cardiac Involvement in COVID-19

Kardiologiia ◽

10.18087/cardio.2021.4.n1408 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 15-23

Author(s):

A. B. Sugraliyev

Keyword(s):

Viral Entry ◽

Cardiac Involvement ◽

Viral Disease ◽

The Novel ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Coronavirus Infection ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Inflammatory Syndrome

The novel coronavirus infection, COVID-19, is a highly contagious viral disease associated with acute, severe respiratory syndrome, which is based on the development of pronounced thrombo-inflammatory syndrome. As the number of patients with COVID-19 increased, heart damage has been reported, especially in patients with severe and critical COVID-19. This review describes the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor in the regulation of viral entry, the variety of damages to the heart and coronary arteries, and the importance of arterial hypertension and of the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in the prognosis of patients with COVID-19.

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Protease-activated receptor 1 as a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1177/1535370220978372 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 153537022097837

Author(s):

Emanuel S. Rovai ◽

Tomaz Alves ◽

Marinella Holzhausen

Keyword(s):

Potential Role ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Prothrombotic State ◽

Potential Therapeutic Target ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

Protease Activated Receptor 1 ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Acute respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread all over the world, since its discovery in 2019, Wuhan, China. This disease is called COVID-19 and already killed over 1 million people worldwide. The clinical symptoms include fever, dry cough, dyspnea, headache, dizziness, generalized weakness, vomiting, and diarrhea. Unfortunately, so far, there is no validated vaccine, and its management consists mainly of supportive care. Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are highly prevalent in patients suffering from severe COVID-19. In fact, a prothrombotic state seems to be present in most fatal cases of the disease. SARS-CoV-2 leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines, causing immune-mediated tissue damage, disruption of the endothelial barrier, and uncontrolled thrombogenesis. Thrombin is the key regulator of coagulation and fibrin formation. In severe COVID-19, a dysfunctional of physiological anticoagulant mechanisms leads to a progressive increase of thrombin activity, which is associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome development and a poor prognosis. Protease-activated receptor type 1 (PAR1) is the main thrombin receptor and may represent an essential link between coagulation and inflammation in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the potential role of PAR1 inhibition and regulation in COVID-19 treatment.

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