scholarly journals Efficiency and Profitability Analysis of Agricultural Cooperatives in Mpumalanga, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6(J)) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Thembi Xaba ◽  
Nyankomo Marwa ◽  
Babita Mathur-Helm
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Using Data

Agricultural cooperatives are expected to generate sustainable profit as they are established as a vehicle of economic development. Efficiency and profitability analysis measures the performance of a firm, and assists management in decision-making through benchmarking with other firms (Marwa & Aziakpono, 2014). To understand the performance of agricultural cooperatives, our study analysed efficiency and profitability using an efficiency-profitability matrix to provide for multi-dimensional analysis. The study used secondary data from annual financial statements for the financial years 2015/16 collected from 19 agricultural cooperatives. Technical efficiency was estimated using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and profitability was estimated using Returns on Assets (ROA). The median scores were 68% for technical efficiency and 10% for profitability. Using the 68% efficiency and 10% profitability benchmark, the matrix separated best performers from low performers. The matrix indicated that 26% of the cooperatives had high-efficiency levels with high profitability (stars), however there was an even distribution between the stars and sleepers: 5 out of 19 cooperatives were sleepers and 5 out of 19 were stars. The majority of the decision-making units (DMUs) at 42% (8 out of 19) are in quadrant 3, categorised as ‘question mark’. These DMUs had low-efficiency scores and low profitability ratios. Only 1 out of 19 cooperatives had high-efficiency levels and low profitability scores. The results demonstrate that technically efficient firms do not always translate to profitable firms: in this regard, management needs to investigate how best to allocate resources in order to remain relevant within the business context and competition. Policy makers need to investigate other drivers of efficiency and profitability when measuring the performance of a firm to influence future policy directives.

scholarly journals Efficiency and Profitability Analysis of Agricultural Cooperatives in Mpumalanga, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Thembi Xaba ◽  
Nyankomo Marwa ◽  
Babita Mathur-Helm
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Using Data

Agricultural cooperatives are expected to generate sustainable profit as they are established as a vehicle of economic development. Efficiency and profitability analysis measures the performance of a firm, and assists management in decision-making through benchmarking with other firms (Marwa & Aziakpono, 2014). To understand the performance of agricultural cooperatives, our study analysed efficiency and profitability using an efficiency-profitability matrix to provide for multi-dimensional analysis. The study used secondary data from annual financial statements for the financial years 2015/16 collected from 19 agricultural cooperatives. Technical efficiency was estimated using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and profitability was estimated using Returns on Assets (ROA). The median scores were 68% for technical efficiency and 10% for profitability. Using the 68% efficiency and 10% profitability benchmark, the matrix separated best performers from low performers. The matrix indicated that 26% of the cooperatives had high-efficiency levels with high profitability (stars), however there was an even distribution between the stars and sleepers: 5 out of 19 cooperatives were sleepers and 5 out of 19 were stars. The majority of the decision-making units (DMUs) at 42% (8 out of 19) are in quadrant 3, categorised as ‘question mark’. These DMUs had low-efficiency scores and low profitability ratios. Only 1 out of 19 cooperatives had high-efficiency levels and low profitability scores. The results demonstrate that technically efficient firms do not always translate to profitable firms: in this regard, management needs to investigate how best to allocate resources in order to remain relevant within the business context and competition. Policy makers need to investigate other drivers of efficiency and profitability when measuring the performance of a firm to influence future policy directives.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Tuberculosis Funds Efficiency on High Burden Countries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estro Dariatno Sihaloho ◽  
Adiatma Y.M Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Marginal Effects ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Global Health Problem

Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem and ranks as the second leading cause of death from infectious disease worldwide. Countries devote their budgets to overcome the tuberculosis problem. An efficient use of these budgets will arguably reduce the number of tuberculosis cases and eventually give a positive impact to the economy. This paper aims it aims to estimate the technical efficiency scores of tuberculosis funds on high-burden countries by using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) method. Further, this study analyzes other environmental factors that are crucial to increase the efficiency scores by using Tobit method. DEA shows that some countries exhibit high efficiency scores while others exhibit low efficiency scores. It also informs how countries use funds to maximize their results. Meanwhile, the Tobit estimation shows that taxing cigarettes and committing budgets to control tobaccos have positive marginal effects on technical efficiency scores.

scholarly journals The analysis of tuberculosis funds efficiency on high burden countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-62
Author(s):  
Estro Dariatno Sihaloho ◽  
Adiatma Y. M. Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Marginal Effects ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Global Health Problem

Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem and ranks as the second leading cause of death from infectious disease worldwide. Countries devote their budgets to overcome the tuberculosis problem. An efficient use of these budgets will arguably reduce the number of tuberculosis cases and eventually give a positive impact to the economy. This paper aims it aims to estimate the technical efficiency scores of tuberculosis funds on high-burden countries by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Further, this study analyzes other environmental factors that are crucial to increase the efficiency scores by using Tobit method. DEA shows that some countries exhibit high efficiency scores while others exhibit low efficiency scores. It also informs how countries use funds to maximize their results. Meanwhile, the Tobit estimation shows that taxing cigarettes and committing budgets to control tobaccos have positive marginal effects on technical efficiency scores.

STRATEGI MAKSIMALISASI ANGGARAN BELANJA PADA BALAI PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DAN KEHUTANAN MANOKWARI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Hasan ◽  
Dedi Budiman Hakim ◽  
Irdika Mansur
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
The Third ◽  
Swot Matrix ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Using Data

This study aims to analyze causes of the low uptake of the budget and formulate a strategy of maximizing the absorption of expenditure on Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari. Respondents involved are 20 people that consist of: treasury officials and holder output of activity. The data used were secondary data in the form of reports on budget realization (LRA) quarter I, II, III and IV of the fiscal year 2011 to 2015, and the primary data were in the form of interviews with the help of a questionnaire. While the analysis of the data used was descriptive analysis using data tabulation, and the analysis of the three stages strategy of the decision making used IFE and EFE matrix, SWOT matrix and QSPM matrix.The results showed that there are 19 factors causing low of budget absorption until the end of the third quarter, and there were 10 drafts of policy as a strategy for maximizing the absorption of the budget on Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab rendahnya penyerapan anggaran belanja dan merumuskan strategi maksimalisasi penyerapan anggaran belanja pada Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari. Responden yang terlibat adalah 20 orang yaitu pejabat perbendaharaan dan pemegang output kegiatan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan realisasi anggaran (LRA) triwulan I, II, III dan IV tahun anggaran 2011 sampai 2015, dan data primer berupa wawancara dengan bantuan kuesioner. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif menggunakan analisis tabulasi, dan analisis analisis strategi tiga tahap pengambilan keputusan menggunakan matriks IFE dan EFE, matriks SWOT dan matriks QSPM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 19 faktor penyebab rendahnya penyerapan anggaran belanja sampai akhir triwulan III, dan terdapat 10 rancangan kebijakan sebagai strategi maksimalisasi penyerapan anggaran belanja di Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari.

ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE TOURISM SECTOR EAST JAVA PROVINCE (A TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY & CONVERGENCE APPROACH)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 294-304
Author(s):  
Suparno Suparno
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Low Efficiency

This research analysis of tourism competitiveness is based on the very high disparity problem in the condition of the tourism sector in East Java Province. With a sample of 10 districts / cities and using investment data, tourist visits, population, government spending and tourism sector PDRB, it is produced that investment and tourist visits have a positive but not significant effect on tourism sector PDRB because due to the probability > 0.05. While the population and government expenditure have a positive and significant effect on the tourism sector PDRB due to the probability < 0.05. Fixed effect models that are formed are:PSP = 39485712 + 0.018 INV + 0.389 TOURIST + 22.304 POP + 0.065 GEX + e               To measure tourism competitiveness, it is used with technical efficiency and total factor productivity where it is produced: Sidoarjo Regency, Malang City and Surabaya City are regencies / cities that have the highest level of technical efficiency with a value of 100% technical efficiency. Whereas with the calculation of total factor productivity in Gresik Regency (21,350), Jember Regency (16,543) and Kediri Regency (15,650) are regencies / cities that have the highest productivity. Based on the calculation of technical efficiency and total factor productivity results are obtainedL1) High efficiency and productive, Jember Regency; (2) High efficiency and less productive, Sidoarjo Regency, Malang City and Surabaya City; (3) Low and productive efficiency, Kediri Regency, Lamongan Regency and Gresik Regency; and (4) Low efficiency and less productive, Banyuwangi Regency, Pasuruan Regency and Pasuruan City.               The spillover effect occurs in Pasuruan City, where the economy of Pasuruan City is affected by investments from Sidoarjo Regency and Surabaya City as indicated by the significance level of 0.051 Surabaya City investment and 0.048 for Sidoarjo Regency investment which means smaller and equal to 0.05.               The calculation of convergence shows that the average convergence of regencies / cities in East Java to leader regions over 15 years and 5 months means that districts / cities need an average of 15 years and 5 months to match the conditions of tourism in the city of Surabaya.

scholarly journals Efficiency and Profitability of Tanzanian saving and Credit Cooperatives: Who is a Star?

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 658-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyankomo Marwa
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Credit Cooperatives ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
And Control

The objective of this paper is to evaluate and benchmark the performance of Tanzanian Saving and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs). Measuring the performance of these organizations is useful in helping them to monitor and control their performance and business processes and improve productivity and profitability. The study used secondary data from audited financial statements from 103 SACCOs. Technical efficiency was estimated using the data envelopment analysis approach and profitability was measured using return on assets. Then an efficiency-profitability matrix was employed to distinguish best performers from struggling SACCOs. This particular approach has been selected to account for multiple dimensions of performance measures. Using the top 25% as a cut-off for profitability and efficiency we found that only 12% of the firms were diagnosed as best performers (stars). The majority of the firms (61%) were classified under the low efficiency low profitability category. Fourteen SACCOs were highly profitable but had low efficiency scores, which demonstrate a potential for performance improvement by increasing their efficiency. Another group of 14 SACCOs were classified as potential candidates for divestiture because they had high efficiency scores but low profitability. Conclusively the performance of the industry in Tanzania needs a well-thought turnaround strategy to make it commercially viable. For the majority of the SACCO both profit-increasing and efficiencyincreasing strategies are required.

scholarly journals The Complexity of Relationships within Business and the Importance of Common Ground

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Anna Ābeltiņa ◽  
Ketevan Rizhamadze
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Business Context ◽  
The People ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Business To Business

In today’s rapidly evolving digital and social media dominated world, traditional marketing approaches are becoming obsolete. Companies are trying to alter the workplace into a vibrant one that enhances the talent of the people and to manage complex relationships inside and outside the organization. The following paper illustrates the complexity of relationships that companies have to handle. It is argued that the embeddedness of relationships plays a crucial role, notably in the business-to-business (B2B) relationship and that finding common ground is pivotal. The nature of the research methodology adopted for this study is primarily quantitative. All analyses are based on secondary data obtained through books, articles, and publications. The findings of the research indicate that the B2B relationship is a complex and multi-layered subject. Furthermore, for conflict resolution, taking into consideration the cultural differences in the decision-making process is fundamental. The presented study is exploratory in nature and therefore cannot be generalized for the general public. The findings are important for managers and entrepreneurs who need to be aware of the complexity of the business-to-business context. Although the nature of the study is exploratory, the study is original because it highlights some vital aspects upon which managers can reflect and dwell on.

scholarly journals Study on Urban Efficiency Measurement and Spatiotemporal Evolution of Cities in Northwest China Based on the DEA–Malmquist Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yin ◽  
Qingmei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale

Urban efficiency can effectively measure the management and allocation level of urban factor inputs. Based on the data of 30 prefecture-level cities in Northwest China from 2006 to 2015, urban efficiency is measured by data envelopment analysis (DEA). Then the spatiotemporal evolution rule is identified by Malmquist model. The results illustrate that the overall average urban efficiency of cities in Northwest China each year from 2006 to 2015 was at the low level. Only Jiayuguan, Yulin, Yan’an, and Karamay reached the high average urban efficiency, while Dingxi, Pingliang, Guyuan, Shangluo, Tianshui, Longnan, and Baiyin were at the inefficient level. Most cities in Northwest China were still in the “growing” stage of increasing returns to scale. The scale of urban investment was relatively insufficient, and economies of scale had not yet formed. Cities with decreasing returns to scale were mainly distributed in the capital cities and the central and sub-central cities of Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone with relatively abundant urban resources and capital. Cities with constant returns to scale were mainly distributed in four cities including Yan’an, Yulin, Jiayuguan, and Karamay with high efficiency. The overall comprehensive efficiency, technical efficiency, and scale efficiency of cities in Northwest China were not only low, but also showing a downward trend. The overall progress of urban technology had failed to make up for the shortfall caused by low efficiency, resulting in total factor productivity (TFP) decreasing by 0.5%. Therefore, the cities in Northwest China should continuously improve their technical efficiency and scale efficiency, and ultimately enhance the comprehensive efficiency.

scholarly journals TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF COWPEA MARKETING IN MUBI NORTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-102
Author(s):  
D. J Gamayina ◽  
A. Aliyu ◽  
B.A Shelleng ◽  
A.S Haddabi
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data

This study was carried to analyze the technical efficiency of cowpea marketing in Mubi North. Both primary and secondary data were used. 120 questionnaires were administered only 74 were respondent to. The results were analyzed using data envelopment analysis (DEA) which involves constant return to scale (CCR) model and variable return to scale (BCC) model.  The result shows that majority of the respondents are male. And that majority about 41% of them fall within the age of 31-40 years. The Marital status of the respondents showed that majority about 73% of the marketers are married. And the result on Household size of the respondents revealed that majority about 83% of the marketers’ household size falls within 2-11 members. Level of education of the marketers showed that about 69% of them received low level formal education and majority with 2 to 17-years’ experience on cowpea marketing. majority of them about 69% are formally educated in one form or the other while 31% are informally educated. Income level of the respondents showed that more than half 54% of the marketers earned an income of 15,000 and below while 46% earned above 15,000. Results on the marketing experience of the respondents showed that majority of them have 2-6 years of experience. The results show that about 70% of the marketers belong to a cooperative while 30% do not. The study also delved into the challenges experienced by cowpea marketers. Based on the envelopment analysis result of cowpea marketing efficiency it revealed that socio-economic characteristics of the respondents has positive influence on the cowpea marketing efficiency. It provided suggestions for the Government and NGOS to implement that will curb these challenges.

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