scholarly journals Lexical Choices and Ideology in Translation: A Case Study of 'The old Man and the Sea

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
Maryam Najafian
Keyword(s):  
Ernest Hemingway ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Original Novel ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Original Sample ◽  
Significant Difference

The present research aims at conducting a critical study of the novel 'The Old Man and the Sea' written by Ernest Hemingway (1976) and its two translated versions in Persian; one rendered by Faramarzi (2006) the other by Shahin (1979). The researchers apply a comparative lexical analysis proposed by Newmark (1988) and Venuti (1995). An attempt has been made to reveal the ideology behind the original sample words and to show how translators and the effect thereof handle it. The data of this research consists of 10 ideological laden terms selected randomly among 45 words from the original text and the corresponding Persian translations. The results of this study suggest a significant difference between the two Persian translations and the original novel. It revealed that one of the translators has attempted to 'domesticate' his translation while another has been attentive to 'foreignize' it. As for implication, it seems necessary to note that translational decisions made by actual translators under different socio-cultural and ideological settings in real life and real situations should be considered. The perlocutionary consequences resulted from adoption of such decisions are of importance.

scholarly journals Existentialist Perspective: A Study of Taslima Nasrin's Novel French Lover

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
Savita Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Age ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Indian Woman ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Existential Crisis ◽  
Cover Up

Taslima Nasrin is a liberal humanist writer who struggles for freedom and continues to stand by people who face injustice in her writings. French Lover is the story of an Indian woman who in a traditional cover-up of patriarchy is submissive, conventional, and oppressive. The novel is a portrait of a woman who efforts to subvert the patriarchal traditions and come out from the shackles of stereotypical beliefs and conventionality. Nila, the protagonist, meanders her way in real life where she breaks and goes away from the mismatched marriage and rejects the experience offered by Benoir. Nila being a strong character retains her individuality against the destructive forces that challenged her existence. She faces an existential crisis when she detaches herself from her family, her husband, and her French lover. She undergoes the subsequent trauma and her successful exit from all the hurdles makes her realize that she has an existence of her own that is distinct from all others and She is free to choose and exist authentically. Danielle, the other character subjugated by her near and dear in her very early age, disowned her relations and denied conventionality where she lives via her way.    

scholarly journals Slovenes and Friuli as the Other in Hemingway

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Rebecca Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ernest Hemingway ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Farewell To Arms

Ernest Hemingway was known for writing with the “Iceberg Theory” in mind. Thus, there are deeper meanings and contexts moving beneath the surface of his works. His war novel A Farewell to Arms takes place along the Soča/Isonzo Front both before and after the Battle of Kobarid/Caporetto and in this setting, consistent with his “Iceberg Theory,” Hemingway has placed both characters and settings that deserve a reconsideration below the surface. While the Italians in the novel are on the surface of the story and thus more easily recognizable, it is the Slovenes and Friuli who run under the surface and carry a deeper meaning. Slovenes and Friuli are not named directly, but as Hemingway was historically accurate in the novel, both ethnic groups are placed along the Front and collectively they represent the “other” in Hemingway’s novels, both unseen and integral to the storyline.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Santiago’s Character in Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea : A Saga of Indomitable Human Spirit

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
Rummana Farooqui
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
Ernest Hemingway ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Human Spirit ◽  
Emotional Strength

This article explores the epic story of an old fisherman and his experience at the sea that portrays the physical and emotional strength of a man called Santiago and will analyse his motivation to reclaim his lost reputation and dignity of not catching a fish for 84 days. Santiago confronted each day with poise and dignity for many days without catching a fish and was made fun of by many fishermen. He was called unlucky (salao) by the fellow fishermen. Hemingway illustrates the daring resolution of the old man through this tale. The story deals with the vital issues of mortality, hope, despair, and determination, where an old fisherman fights back against a huge fish to reclaim his honour and dignity. Ernest Hemingway rejoices over this heroic man who goes through life’s challenges alone with fierce courage and tenacity, exhibiting what Hemingway views as an indestructible spirit of man at its best. In addition, Hemingway reminds us about the human spirit and the importance of human dignity in our everyday struggle for survival. Hemingway compels us to acknowledge courage, tenacity, skill, expertise, and strength through this story. He recalls a tale of valour, daring, and heroism, of one man's struggle against his own doubts and about his success and failure, and his ultimate triumph. The novel brings forth man’s understanding of his own mortality and his power to overcome it. The objective of this study is to analyse the character of Santiago, based on the structural elements,using qualitative research.The primary data of the research is The Old Man and the Sea and the secondary data of the research are the other materials related to the study. The result of the study shows following conclusion.Based on the research the character of  Santiago’s struggle displays the aptitude of the indomitable spirit of man that endures suffering and adversity in order to succeed. The story illustrates Santiago’s adventure and resolution, hardship and   perseverance.

Colombian Sicariato and Rosario Tijeras

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-228
Author(s):  
Aldona Bialowas Pobutsky
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Press Coverage ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Femme Fatale ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rosario Tijeras

This chapter turns to the other by-product of Colombia’s narco machine: the plague of sicarios recruited from that nation’s hardscrabble neighborhoods. It traces the rise of hitmen from its original press coverage, when Escobar ordered the assassination of Colombia’s Justice Minister Rodrigo Lara Bonilla in 1984, to the present-day “baby sicarios,” whose disturbingly premature entry into delinquency has become the subject of several film documentaries. Though real-life sicarios have been associated with men, it is Jorge Franco’s female rendition of the phenomenon, the eponymous heroine of the novel Rosario Tijeras, which in a brief time moved to both the small and the big screens. This chapter explores the trajectory of the Rosario Tijeras franchise, where her multiple renditions turned the femme fatale into a household name. Albeit fictional, she grew to incarnate Colombia’s women who became hardened by the volatile circumstances of drug and guerrilla violence.

Hannibal’s Precursors

2013 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Barry Forshaw
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serial Killer ◽  
Serial Killers ◽  
Horror Film ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Slasher Film ◽  
Thomas Harris ◽  
Mass Murderer

This chapter discusses the other serial killers in the cinema before Hannibal Lecter. In 1959, the writer Robert Bloch was inspired by the gruesome case of the Wisconsin mass murderer Ed Gein, with his keepsakes of bones and human skin. He transmuted elements of the Gein case into the phenomenally successful Psycho (published 1959), reconfiguring the real-life Gein as the chubby, unprepossessing mother's boy Norman Bates, who dispatches a variety of victims in gruesome fashion. Subsequently, Alfred Hitchcock's adaptation of the novel (1960) laid down the parameters for a variety of genres: the serial killer movie, the slasher film, and the modern big-budget horror film which utilises above-the-title stars rather than the journeyman actors who had populated such fare previously. But above all else, Hitchcock and his talented screenwriter Joseph Stefano created a template for the intelligent, richly developed, and charismatic fictional serial killer in their version of Norman Bates. Hitchcock's film was to influence a generation of film-makers and writers; among them Thomas Harris.

The Leonid Grossman’s Ingenious Introduction to Dostoevsky’s Translation of Eugenie Grandet (“Academia”, 1935)

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-192
Author(s):  
Serge Rolet ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Introductory Article ◽  
Material Interests ◽  
Precise Interpretation

What was the reason for publishing an old translation of “Eugénie Grandet” that has not been published since 1918, while there exist two newer translations? In this edition of “Eugénie Grandet” L. Grossman is liberated from the editorial direction, advertised by “Academia”. This translated version is not canonical, the translation is not up to modern standards, the text is detached from the scientific apparatus, etc. Grossman intends to prove that publishing an old translation of the novel has its merit, despite the fact that it inherits the traits of a bygone era and is widely considered outdated. In this context the preface by Grib (that precedes Grossman’s article) served to prove that a contemporary, “proletariat” edition of “Eugénie Grandet” could be completed using the translation from the previous era. Using Grib’s introductory article, Grossman shifts the attention to the translator, who usually stays out of sight. Now it is almost like the original text is serving the translation, not the other way around. As a matter of fact, Grossman, a well-known scholar of Dostoevsky, was only interested in Balzac due to his influence on the genesis of the Russian classic’s art. According to Grossman, the translation is unparalleled, but that is due to the creativity and sheer force of its style rather than its precision in following Balzac’s original. The fusion of the author and the translator’s styles gives more value to the translation than the limited attempt at precise interpretation. The attention that this translation received derives not from its connection to the original, but rather from the urge to understand the extent to which Balzac’s novel influenced Dostoevsky. It is safe to assume that the influence of “Eugénie Grandet” on Dostoevsky was of interest to a very narrow circle of scholars. Therefore, it seems possible that the reasons for this were of the same nature as the reasons that Dostoevsky had for translating the novel in the first place: the material interests of the editor might have been the deciding factor.

A Comparative Study of Two Major English Translations of The Journey to the West: Monkey and The Monkey and the Monk

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Ji
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
English Language ◽  
Original Novel ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The West ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Textual Features ◽  
Journey To The West

As two major English translations of a famous sixteenth-century Chinese novelThe Journey to the West, Monkeyby Arthur Waley andThe Monkey and the Monkby Anthony Yu differ in many respects due to the translators’ different concerns and translation strategies. Whereas Waley’s translation omits many episodes and significantly changes textual features of the original novel, Yu’s translation is more literal and faithful to the original. Through a comparison of the different approaches in these two translations, this paper aims to delineate important differences in textual features and images of protagonists and demonstrate how such differences, especially the changing representation of Tripitaka, might affect English-language readers’ understanding of religious references and themes in the story. It also seeks to help us reconsider the relationship between translations and the original text in the age of world literature through a case study of English translations ofThe Journey to the West.

Much Ado about Handwriting: Countersigning with the Other Hand in Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodey Castricano
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multiple Personality Disorder ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorders ◽  
Double Binds ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde has been seen as the nineteenth century prototype of the workings of the criminal mind. Similarly, current psychoanalytic readings of the novel suggest that it serves as a precursor to Freud’s theories on the structural model of personality, and repression and that Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde can provide insight into the psychology of addiction, multiple personality disorder and borderline personality disorders, as these terms have currency in the discipline of modern psychology. Indeed, Stevenson’s novel can even be seen as a precursor to the very genre of Freud’s “case” study. In fact, current readings of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde continue to focus on its case study aspects, claiming that the novel shows “the composition and operation of the criminal mind” (Thomas qtd in Rosner, Spring 29). “Much Ado About Handwriting: Countersigning with the Other Hand in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is concerned with making a Gothic case “the composition and operation of the criminal mind,” but not because the word “composition” denotes a mental constitution that merely pre-exists the text or that the text refers to or represents a substantive criminal mind; instead the word suggests that there exists a displaced link between writing, reading, interpretation, and criminality as the shadowy “place” where the “other” begins and collusion enters the scene. Taking as a premise Jacques Derrida’s contention that “it is the ear of the other that signs,” this paper is concerned with “composition,” signatures and encryption as a way of exploring how these texts pose insoluble psychic double binds regarding the determination of criminality.

Eye Preference for Emotional Stimuli in Sichuan Snub-Nosed Monkeys

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-642
Author(s):  
Dapeng Zhao ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Baoguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Neutral Stimulus ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eye Preference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Preferred Stimulus

This study presents the first evidence of effects of applying both positive and negative stimuli simultaneously on visual laterality in Old World monkeys. Thirteen captive individuals of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) were chosen as focal subjects in the monocular box task. In total, 4 emotional categories (the preferred, the novel, the neutral, and the fearful) of visual stimuli were applied, and eye preference was recorded when individuals looked at each stimulus through an observation hole in the box. We found evidence of visual laterality at the individual level, but not at the group level for each stimulus. For the preferred stimulus, 9 individuals showed significant right-eye preference while 4 individuals showed significant left-eye preference. For the other 3 stimuli, 7 individuals displayed significant right-eye preference while 6 individuals displayed significant left-eye preference. Totally, 11 of 13 individuals showed consistency in the visual laterality direction (7 right-eye preference and 4 left-eye preference) across the 4 stimuli. The remaining 2 individuals displayed right-eye preference for the preferred stimulus while they showed left-eye preference for the other 3 stimuli. There was no significant difference among various stimuli regarding the direction of visual laterality. However, there was a significant difference in the strength of visual laterality among various stimulus categories. The strength of visual laterality for the preferred stimulus was significantly lower than that for the other 3 stimuli. The strength of visual laterality for the fearful stimulus was significantly higher than that for the novel stimulus and the neutral stimulus. Furthermore, the looking duration for the preferred stimulus was significantly higher than that for the other 3 stimuli. The looking duration for the novel stimulus was significantly higher than that for the neutral stimulus and the fearful stimulus. The looking duration for the neutral stimulus was significantly higher than that for the fearful stimulus. Our findings indicate emotional valence of stimuli significantly influence eye looking duration and the strength of visual laterality but not for the direction of visual laterality in this species. Taken together, emotional valence of stimuli plays an important role in the eye use of <i>R. roxellana</i>.

scholarly journals Specifics of Translation of Emotive Vocabulary (Case study: “Howl's Moving Castle” Novel by Diana Wynne Jones)

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Guzel R. Nasibullova ◽  
Talant D. Bimakhanov ◽  
Alsu Kh. Ashrapova
Keyword(s):  
Emotional State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Language Transfer ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Comparative Linguistics ◽  
Theoretical Significance

The expression of an emotional state is a main feature that distinguishes fiction from other literary trends. The problem of emotivity is now among the most discussed issues in anthropocentric linguistics, but despite the researchers’ great attention, many of its aspects are still debatable. In the present research, features of the language transfer of emotions are investigated in the translation of fiction from English into Russian. The novel «Howl’s moving castle» by Diana Wynne Jones (1986) was selected as a material for monitoring the process of translating emotive vocabulary. Authors sought to classify the emotive vocabulary in an artistic work, and also consider and analyze the translation of this lexicon into Russian that was translated by Jones (2013). The following methods were used to solve tasks: A comparative analysis of the translation with original text, and transformational, quantitative, statistical analysis. The theoretical basis of research included classifications of emotive vocabulary that was proposed by Shakhovski (2008), and the classification of emotions by Izard (2007), as well as the classification of translational transformations by Barkhudarov (1975) and Komissarov (1990). The theoretical significance of research lies in the fact that the text emotivity phenomenon is considered according to the comparative linguistics, in general, and the theory of translation in particular. The equivalence of concepts of equivalence and adequacy of translation is justified and clearly demonstrated. The practical value of study is determined by the possibility of applying its results in the artistic translation, in teaching the methodology of translation, in development of didactic manuals on the theory and practice of translation, in the teaching English at senior courses of universities on practical lessons and seminars in special courses.

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