scholarly journals Effect of 80% water solution of animal slurry on carbon structural S235JRC steel at room temperature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Lipinski ◽  
Dariusz Karpisz
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Animal Slurry

Controlled Growth and Characterization Ag/ZnO Nanotetrapods for Humidity Sensing

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 462-467
Author(s):  
Babak Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Zinc Complex ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Separation System ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Sensor Material ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Aim and Objective: Ultrafine Ag/ZnO nanotetrapods (AZNTP) have been prepared successfully using silver (I)–bis (oxalato) zinc complex and 1, 3-diaminopropane (DAP) with a phase separation system, and have been injected into a diethyl/water solution. Materials and Methods: This crystal structure and lattice constant of the AZNTP obtained were investigated by means of a SEM, XRD, TEM and UV-vis spectrum. Results: The results of the present study demonstrated the growth and characterization AZNTP for humidity sensing and DAP plays a key role in the determination of particle morphology. AZNTP films with 23 nm in arm diameter have shown highly sensitive, quick response sensor material that works at room temperature.

scholarly journals Crystallization of nordstrandite in ethylene glycol / water solutions: electron microscopic studies

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
Maria Antunes ◽  
Helena Santos ◽  
Persio Santos
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Aluminium Hydroxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Rectangular Plates ◽  
Optical Study ◽  
Complete Dissolution ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe present work shows the growth of nordstrandite microcrystals observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Nordstrandite was synthesised from non-crystalline aluminium hydroxide reacted in 20% ethylene glycol/water solution, at room temperature. This material was characterized by TEM, SEM, SAED, XRD and EDS/TEM, during six month and revealed the formation and growth of nordstrandite. Fibrillar pseudoboehmite is the only aluminium hydroxide which could be identified during the first two weeks. The nuclei grow, from complete dissolution/recrystallization of pseudoboehmite fibrils, into platy rectangular microscrystals of nordstrandite. Some tabular microcrystals recrystallise, forming after six months only the multi-point nordstrandite stars. This electron-optical study suggest that the star shape results from the overlapping of rectangular plates, and pseudoboehmite fibrils act as the precursor of nordstrandite crystallisation in ethylene glycol/water solution.

scholarly journals Enhanced Photodecomposition of Methylene Blue in Water with Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs under UV and Visible Light

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghua Gao ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Qipeng Guo ◽  
Lizhen Gao
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Water Pollutant ◽  
First Time

Photocatalytic method was investigated to remove water pollutant methylene blue (MB) produced in textile, plastic, and dye industries. PC-polyHIPEs were prepared by light-induced polymerization of dopamine in transparent polyHIPEs which were synthesized by polymerization within high internal phase emulsions. Sr1-xKxTiO3-δ (x = 0–0.5) nanoparticles were incorporated and adhered to PC-polyHIPEs to form Sr1-xKxTiO3-δ@PC-polyHIPEs for the first time. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, UV-Vis DRS, and SEM and their photocatalytic properties for MB decomposition were measured over UV-Vis spectrometer. The PC-polyHIPEs were of interconnected porous structure with around 100 μm pores and 30 μm windows. Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs showed excellent MB decomposition activity under either UV or visible light although Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ alone worked only under UV light. When x = 0.3, Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs showed the highest photocatalytic performance due to the existence of more oxygen vacancies. When the water solution with 50 mg L−1 MB and 1.6 gcat. L−1 Sr0.7K0.3TiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs was exposed to visible light for 160 min at room temperature, 88.3% of MB was decomposed. After being used for eight cycles, 87.6% activity of fresh Sr0.7K0.3TiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs still remained. The influences of salinity, temperature, and catalyst concentration on the catalytic activity were studied. For MB decomposition under visible light, the activation energy of Sr0.7K0.3TiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs was calculated to be 12.3 kJ mol−1 and the kinetics analysis revealed that the photocatalysis followed the second-order reaction. These findings demonstrated that Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs were an effective candidate for real application in decomposition of MB in water.

Study on ELISA Plates Modified with Methylacrylic Acid by 60Co Irradiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 670-671 ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
Di Chen ◽  
Hua Shan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Volume Concentration ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Carboxyl Group ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Radiative Intensity ◽  
Enzyme Label ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Surface Modified

Surface modified ELISA plates grafted with methylacrylic acid (MAA) were prepared by60Co γ-Ray irradiation at room temperature in MAA water solution. The optimum conditions of modification were decided by the water contact angle and the absorbency of polystyrene enzyme label plate. FTIR, XRD spectra and AFM images show that MAA and its polymer have been grafted to the surface of the ELISA plates induced by60Co γ-Ray irradiation. The volume concentration of MAA aqueous solutions reached 10%, and the radiative intensity was 10kGy, and correspondingly, the content of carboxyl group on the surface of ELISA plates reached 0.30mmol/cm2.

scholarly journals Using of brown algae Sargassum pallidum as raw materials for extraction of fucoxanthin

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 (4) ◽  
pp. 1008-1015
Author(s):  
E. E. Fedotova ◽  
V. P. Korchagin ◽  
D. D. Vingorodova
Keyword(s):  
Brown Algae ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sargassum Pallidum ◽  
Standard Solution

Fucoxanthin is a widespread carotenoid contained in tissues of brown algae, known by its antitumor activity and ability to suppress cancer cells growth. Its inclusion into diet prevents accumulation of the body fat and regulates level of glucose and insulin in the blood. Fucoxanthin can be considered as a promising nutritional supplement for suppressing obesity. Extraction of fucoxanthin from brown algae Sargassum pallidum is investigated under various conditions. The samples of algae were collected in different sites at Primorye coast in 2018–2019. Two types of the preparations were used ― frozen and dried. The frozen preparations were stored under temperature of –18 оC no more than 30 days. For the dried preparations, fresh algae were dried in a dark room by air fan under temperature of +18–+20 оC and then crushed to powder and stored in dark place under the same temperature no more than 6 months. Content of dry substance in the preparations was 16.4 ± 1.0 % for frozen algae and 93.6 ± 1.0 % for dried algae. Fucoxanthin was extracted from these preparations by method of alcohol extraction using the ethanol water solution in ratio of 1 : 10 during 24 hours in a dark place, then the solution was filtered or centrifuged. Concentration of fucoxanthin in the filtered solution was measured in spectrophotometer relative to a standard solution (ethanol 96 %) with wavelength of 350–800 nm. Yield of fucoxanthin was higher from the frozen preparations, but more ethanol was consumed for its extraction in comparison with extraction from the dried preparations. Besides, the dried preparations were processed during 1 day with the ethanol solution in concentration 96, 88, 84, 80, and 76 %, under various temperature. Yield of fucoxanthin decreased with temperature increasing: the optimal temperature was +7 оC, so the room temperature could not be recommended for extraction. The optimum concentration of ethanol for fucoxanthin extraction was 80 ± 2%.

Tin Compounds Interaction with Membranes of Egg Lecithin Liposomes

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Man ◽  
Marian Podolak
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Ionic Character ◽  
Additional Line ◽  
Tin Compounds ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Ionic Compounds ◽  
Egg Yolks

This work is a continuation of earlier research concerning the influence of tin compounds on the dynamic properties of liposome membranes produced with lecithin hen egg yolks (EYL). The experiments were carried out at room temperature (about 25 ∞C). Four tin compounds were chosen, including three organic ones, (CH3)4Sn, (C2H5)4Sn and (C3H7)3SnCl, and one inorganic, SnCl2. The investigated compounds were admixed to water dispersions of liposomes. The content of the admixture changed within the range 0 mol-% to 11mol-% in proportion to EYL. Two spin probes were used in the experiment: 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine- 1-oxyl (TEMPO) and 2-ethyl-2-(15-methoxy-15-oxopentadecyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl (16-DOXYL-stearic acid), which penetrated through different areas of the membrane. It was found that tin compounds containing chlorine were the most active in interaction with liposome membranes. In the case of (C3H7)3SnCl, after exceeding 4% admixture content, an additional line appeared in the spectrum of the TEMPO probe which can be a result of formation of domain structures in the membranes of the studied liposomes. Compounds containing chlorine are of ionized form in water solution. The obtained results can thus mean that the activity of admixtures can be seriously influenced by their ionic character. In case of an admixture of non-ionic compounds the compound with a longer hydrocarbon chain displayed a slightly stronger effect on the spectroscopic parameters of the probes.

CARBON NANOTUBE-GRAFT-POLY(CITRIC ACID) NANOCOMPOSITES

NANO ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHSEN ADELI ◽  
ALI BAHARI ◽  
HODA HEKMATARA
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Hyperbranched Poly ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Biodegradable Nanocomposites

Novel biodegradable nanocomposites containing multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and poly(citric acid) (PCA) were successfully synthesized. For preparation of nanocomposites, MWCNT was opened using a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid and its derivative containing – COOH and – OH functional groups was obtained. Polycondensation of monohydrate citric acid in the presence of functionalized MWCNT in the melting state was lead to nanotube-graft-poly(citric acid) (CNT-g-PCA) nanocomposites. The degree of polymerization of grafted hyperbranched poly(citric acid) onto the CNTs was controlled using CNT/citric acid ratio. The CNT-g-PCA were soluble in water freely and stirring their water solution and silver nitrate at room temperature lead to the CNT-g-PCA containing encapsulated silver nanoparticles in their polymeric shell. The structure of nanocomposites was characterized by TEM, DLS and spectroscopy methods.

Diffusion of Sodium and Copper in Compacted Sodium Bentonite at Room Temperature

1989 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arto Muurinen ◽  
Markus Olin ◽  
Kari Uusheimo
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Sodium Bentonite ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Diffusion Studies ◽  
Diffusion Mechanisms ◽  
Effective Diffusivities ◽  
Low Solubility

ABSTRACTDiffusion studies were carried out with sodium and copper in sodium bentonite. The experiments were performed at room temperature and densities of the samples varied from 0.8 to 1.8 g/cm3.This paper describes the experimental methods used for the diffusion tests and gives the obtained measurement results. The evaluation of the diffusion mechanisms is at this stage preliminary, however.Diffusion of sodium seems to follow similar mechanisms as has been observed for cesium and strontium in several previous studies. The phenomena could be explained by some kind of diffusion of sorbed ions. The measured apparent diffusivities of sodium varied from 50×10−12 to 300×10−12 m2/s and the effective diffusivities from 80×10−12 to 1.6×10−9 m2/s depending on the density of bentonite and the salt concentration of water solution.Low solubility of copper caused precipitation thus interfering the diffusion experiments. However, the part of copper which did diffuse into bentonite seemed to follow the same type of mechanism as sodium. The measured apparent diffusivities of copper varied from 5×10−12 m2/s.The interaction between the cations in the circulating solutions and the sodium ion in bentonite were essential in this study.

scholarly journals Taming Troublesome Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions in Water Solution of Surfactants by the Use of Lecithin: A Step Beyond the Micellar Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Ceriani ◽  
Erika Ghiglietti ◽  
Mauro Sassi ◽  
Sara Mattiello ◽  
Luca Beverina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Chemical Transformation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Strong Reduction ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Multiphase Systems ◽  
The Common

<div>The use of water solutions of industrial and designer surfactants enables performing a wide variety of chemical transformation on hydrophobic precursors. Mostly reactions </div><div>are clean, fast and efficient with vast benefits for overall sustainability. The widespread adoption of such methods is somewhat hampered by a lack of generality in the case of troublesome substrates and scaling up. The common literature solution for such issues is the use of small amounts of organic solvents. We here show that the use of a mixture of L-α-lecithin and Tween 80 is a preferable solution enabling the taming of particularly troublesome reactions, where even the cosolvent approach fails. The strong reduction of all interface tensions characterizing such complex multiphase systems is key to the results achieved. The protocol, applied to Suzuki-Miyaura couplings, allows to obtain complete reactions conversion at room temperature within one hour, is general and scalable from milligrams to up to 10 grams without further adjustments.</div>

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