scholarly journals Hemorrhagic colitis syndrome in children: the etiological structure in the infectious diseases clinic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
O. V. Molochkova ◽  
O. B. Kovalev ◽  
O. V. Shamsheva ◽  
A. A. Sakharova ◽  
N. V. Sokolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Hemorrhagic Colitis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Mesenteric Adenitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The range of differential diagnostic search in the development of hemorrhagic colitis (hemocolitis) is wide enough and includes infectious and non-infectious factors. Purpose: clinical, laboratory and etiological analysis of bacterial diarrhea occurring with hemorrhagic colitis in the infectious diseases department.Materials and methods: a retrospective study of 141 case histories of those hospitalized in the infectious diseases department of the2 Children's City Clinical Hospital No. 9 named after G.N. Speransky of Moscow in 2019—2021 patients with clinical picture of hemocolitis. Hemocolitis was determined on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic signs (in scatology — mucus, leukocytes, erythrocytes) signs. All patients underwent routine laboratory examinations. The etiology was verified using modern methods of laboratory diagnostics (bacteriological analysis of feces, Latex test, ICA, ELISA, PCR, IHR).Results. There were 137 patients with infectious hemocolitis. Inflammatory bowel disease was diagnosed in 3 children, anus fissure — in 1 child. Young children under 3 years of age prevailed (77%). The etiology of infectious hemocolitis was deciphered in 47 patients (34%). Salmonellosis (36%) and shigellosis (36%) prevailed. Campylobacteriosis, clostridiosis-dificile and klebsiellosis accounted for 11%, 9% and 6% of cases, respectively. Yersiniosis was detected in 1 child at the age of 5 months. The severe form was found in 5.8% of cases, in most cases with shigellosis. Symptoms of intoxication and febrile fever were expressed in all patients, vomiting — in 28.5%, abdominal pain — in 94%, mesenteric adenitis on ultrasound — in 15%, diarrhea with a frequency of more than 5 times a day — in 84%, dehydration — in 64%, intercurrent diseases (ARVI, pneumonia) — in 41.3% of cases. Inflammatory changes in infectious hemocolitis were manifested by an increase in C-reactive protein in 71% (23.91 ± 24.17 mg/l), leukocytosis — in 69% (11.58 ± 3.52 х103 / μl), thrombocytosis — in 26%, an increase in the relative number of stab neutrophils in the general blood test in 78% of cases (10.95 ± 0.4%).Conclusions. Differential diagnostic search in the development of hemocolitis should include modern diagnostic methods, if necessary, additional instrumental studies and specialist consultations to exclude inflammatory bowel diseases.

scholarly journals The diagnostic and prognostic value of serological markers of inflammatory bowel diseases (a literature review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 364-374
Author(s):  
D. А. Kuznetsova ◽  
S. V. Lapin ◽  
O. B. Shchukina
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Immunological Tolerance ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is based on a combination of clinical, endoscopic, histological, radiological and laboratory methods. However, conventional diagnostic methods are not always sufficiently informative in IBD, especially in the case of unclassified colitis, which necessitates the extension of standard diagnostic approaches. Currently, there is an actively search for non-invasive serological markers for early and differential diagnosis of IBD and for the assessment of activity and prognosis of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Among the most interesting serological markers are anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), goblet cells antibodies (GAB) and pancreatic autoantibodies (PAB). The aim of this review is to assess the diagnostic and prognostic significance of ASCA, ANCA, GAB, PAB in CD and UC. The paper presents the summary of the data on the role of ASCA, ANCA, GAB and PAB in abnormalities of the immunological tolerance mechanisms to intestinal microflora and intestinal permeability in IBD. We discuss the results of the studies on the associations of ASCA with a complicated CD phenotype, its response to genetically engineered biological therapies, and the need for surgical intervention. The article describes the data on the association of ANCA to the risk of progression of left-sided UC to widespread (total) colon lesions resistant to hormonal therapy, and that of antibodies to DNA-lactoferrin complexes and proteinase 3 to primary sclerosing cholangitis. It has been noted that PAB may be a prognostic marker for ileocolitis, perianal lesions, extraintestinal manifestations and complicated CD, and GAB a  predictor of total UC with chronic persistent course. It should be emphasized that combined determination of ASCA, ANCA, GAB and PAB is highly informative, compared to the isolated detection of autoantibodies, for the differential diagnosis and prognosis of CD and UC.

scholarly journals Personalized medicine in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
A I Parfenov ◽  
O V Knyazev ◽  
A V Kagramanova ◽  
N A Fadeeva
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Individualized Medicine ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Personalized medicine (personalized medicine, individualized medicine) represents the totality of methods of prevention of a pathological condition, diagnosis and treatment in the event of its occurrence, based on individual patient characteristics. Such individual characteristics include genetic, epigenetic, and transcript, proteome, metabolomic and metagenomic markers, as well as a set of variable phenotypic traits - both of the patient's body and its separate tissues or cells. For example, treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) can most clearly show the importance of applying personalized approaches. Currently in the treatment of patients with IBD paid great attention to genetic studies, monitoring of the concentration of the biological drugs and the level of antibodies to them, the role of microbiota as a predictor of effectiveness of therapy of IBD. Used clinical, laboratory, instrumental methods, as well as new biomarkers to assess the forecasting efficiency of conservative therapy in IBD patient. In the future treatment of patients with IBD will include a number of personalized data in order to better predict outcomes of the disease in each patient and more accurately select the appropriate treatment regimen.

scholarly journals Surgical strategy in massive colorectal bleeding

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-92
Author(s):  
I. Bartha ◽  
T. Danya ◽  
A. Nemeth
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Surgical Strategy ◽  
Selective Angiography ◽  
Surgical Method ◽  
Common Experience ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Several pathologic disorders can become a sou-rce of severe gastrointestinal bleeding. The most frequently observed entities responsible for massi-ve colorectal bleeding are diverticulae, intestinal angiodysplasias, inflammatory bowel diseases and cancers. In order to choose the best - surgical - method to stop the hemorrhage and cure the disease; it is mandatory to properly identify the origin and location of the bleeding. It is a common experience that the usually advised diagnostic methods often yield disappointing results in urgent cases. The presented case shows that selective angiography can lead to the fastest diagnosis in angiodysplasia and with surgery a definitive result can be obtained.

scholarly journals Structure and Laboratory Diagnostics of Non-medical Consumption of Modern Synthetic Drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-319
Author(s):  
O. L. Balabanova ◽  
V. V. Shilov ◽  
A. N. Lodyagin ◽  
S. I. Glushkov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Drug Intoxication ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
The World ◽  
Toxicological Research ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

The emergence of new synthetic narcotic drugs is noted all over the world. The situation causes significant difficulties for toxicologists, resuscitators, narcologists, and clinical laboratory diagnostics doctors due to the lack of available data on the clinical picture of poisoning by these compounds and laboratory diagnostic methods. In most cases, the clinical picture of drug intoxication or poisoning with new synthetic substances differs from the symptoms caused by previously known drugs, such as cocaine or opiates. Therefore, chemical toxicological research is one of the important aspects for establishing the fact of intoxication or poisoning.

Machine Learning Predictive Outcomes Modeling in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Javaid ◽  
Omer Shahab ◽  
William Adorno ◽  
Philip Fernandes ◽  
Eve May ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Biologic Response ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract There is a rising interest in use of big data approaches to personalize treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and to predict and prevent outcomes such as disease flares and therapeutic nonresponse. Machine learning (ML) provides an avenue to identify and quantify features across vast quantities of data to produce novel insights in disease management. In this review, we cover current approaches in ML-driven predictive outcomes modeling for IBD and relate how advances in other fields of medicine may be applied to improve future IBD predictive models. Numerous studies have incorporated clinical, laboratory, or omics data to predict significant outcomes in IBD, including hospitalizations, outpatient corticosteroid use, biologic response, and refractory disease after colectomy, among others, with considerable health care dollars saved as a result. Encouraging results in other fields of medicine support efforts to use ML image analysis—including analysis of histopathology, endoscopy, and radiology—to further advance outcome predictions in IBD. Though obstacles to clinical implementation include technical barriers, bias within data sets, and incongruence between limited data sets preventing model validation in larger cohorts, ML-predictive analytics have the potential to transform the clinical management of IBD. Future directions include the development of models that synthesize all aforementioned approaches to produce more robust predictive metrics.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Markers for Nonspecific Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Derkacz ◽  
Pawel Olczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Komosinska-Vassev
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Laboratory Biomarkers ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarkers

The nonspecific inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) represent a heterogeneous group of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and Leśniowski-Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are among the two major clinical forms. Despite the great progress in understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases, their etiology remains unclear. Genetic, immune, and environmental factors are thought to play a key role. The correct diagnosis of nonspecific inflammatory bowel diseases as well as the determination of disease activity, risk stratification, and prediction of response to therapy still relies on a multidisciplinary approach based on clinical, laboratory, endoscopic, and histologic examination. However, considerable effort has been devoted to the development of an accurate panel of noninvasive biomarkers that have increased diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Laboratory biomarkers useful in differentiating IBD with functional disorders and in evaluating disease activity, prognosis, and treatment selection for IBD are presented in this study.

Mo1849 IMMUNE STATUS TO VIRAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN KOREAN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-948
Author(s):  
Hee Seung Hong ◽  
Jiwon Jung ◽  
Sang Hyoung Park ◽  
Soo Min Noh ◽  
Eun Hye Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Korean Patients ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Pathology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 756-765
Author(s):  
Shiva Raj K.C.
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Mucosal Immune Response ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of inflammatory disorders of unknown etiology. Various genetic factors, mucosal immune response, inappropriate activation of immune system driven by the presence of various luminal flora and epithelial defects have been postulated. Crohn disease and Ulcerative colitis are the two most common inflammatory bowel diseases. Since, specific clinical laboratory features are lacking which may help in establishing a diagnosis histopathological diagnosis remains the gold standard. This review highlights the known hypothesis regarding the etiopathogenesis of these two diseases and also describes pertinent histological features.Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2015) Vol. 5, 756-765

scholarly journals Holistic Approach in Cases of irritable Bowel Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Hayriye Alp
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), which starts with intestinal inflammation and mucosal tissue damage, progresses with an impaired immune response, causes intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms, whose etiology is unknown, and which systemic chronic diseases that significantly affect their quality of life. Diseases. The mainstay of treatment in IBD is the elimination of symptoms, remission is achieved by mucosal healing, maintenance of remission and prevention of recurrence.The aim of treatment in IBD is to improve clinical laboratory, mucosal and quality of life. Conventional treatment for the disease.It is not sufficient to correct related complications. Therefore, new treatment modalities should be initiated as early as possible. From a modern medical perspective, inflammatory bowel diseases are nowadays often referred to as autoimmune diseases.It is accepted. To find the right individual remedy, inflamed bowel It is also important to look at possible causes of the disease. Because In the Regulatory Medicine approach, holistic healing is by eliminating the causes, not by suppressing or treating the symptoms best done by removing.

scholarly journals Laboratory diagnostics in medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
A. G. Kochetov ◽  
O. V. Lyang ◽  
I. A. Zhirova ◽  
O. O. Ivoilov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Clinical Events ◽  
Laboratory Index ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
The Relationship

The development of clinical laboratory diagnostics is in line with the evidence-based medicine, which requires that clinical decisions have to be based on diagnostic methods with proven informativity. This creates a request for the scientific validity of the use of laboratory researches and application of probabilistic interpretation tools corresponding to the tasks. The concept of indefiniteness (analytical, biological and clinical) is at the heart of interpretation of laboratory results. The inclusion of laboratory research in clinical guidelines, the choice and appointment of this research to the patient should not be made from the position of ideas about increasing or decreasing the laboratory index in the disease, but on the basis of its scientifically proven characteristics as a laboratory biomarker sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, as well as the relationship with certain clinical events, outcomes, risks. These characteristics are probabilistic and can be defined.

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