scholarly journals Molds in museum environments: Biodeterioration of art photographs and wooden sculptures

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Ljaljevic-Grbic ◽  
M. Stupar ◽  
Jelena Vukojevic ◽  
Ivana Maricic ◽  
Natasa Bungur
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Fungal Propagules ◽  
Alternaria Sp

Pieces of art stored in museum depots and display rooms are subject to fungal colonization that leads to bio-deterioration processes. Deteriorated wooden sculptures and art photographs temporarily stored in the quarantine room of the Cultural Center of Belgrade were subject to mycological analyses. Twelve fungal species were identified on the wooden substratum and five species were detected on photograph surfaces. Trichoderma viride, Chaetomium globosum and Alternaria sp. were the fungi with proven cellulolytic activity detected on the examined cellulose substrata. Indoor air mycobiota were estimated to 210.09 ? 8.06 CFU m-3, and the conidia of fungus Aspergillus niger were the dominant fungal propagules in the air of the examined room.

Effect of the essential oils addition on the rate of bacterial cellulose surface overgrowth by mold fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Marcin Jałoweicki ◽  
Izabela Betlej
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
Cellulose Film ◽  
Film Sample ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Cellulose Pulp ◽  
Cellulose Surface

Effect of the essential oils addition on the rate of bacterial cellulose surface overgrowth by mold fungi. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of protecting films made of bacterial cellulose with essential oils against overgrowth by mold fungi. The cellulose film produced by microorganisms forming a pellicle called SCOBY was modified by introducing into the cellulose pulp essential oils: cinnamon and manuka. Samples of the protected film were treated with mold fungi: Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride. On the basis of the tests conducted, the rate of film overgrowth by mold fungi and the effectiveness criteria of cellulose film protection with essential oils were determined. The addition of cinnamon oil protected the film against the growth of Aspergillus niger and Chaetomium globosum fungi. Manuka oil slowed down the growth of Chaetomium globosum microorganisms on the surface of the bacterial cellulose film sample, but did not protect the samples from overgrowth. The essential oils tested were ineffective against the fungus Trichoderma viride.

scholarly journals Dinamika Populasi Jamur Pada Media Starter Tepung Beras Diperkaya Nutrisi Potato Dextrose Agar

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Anindyta Robiatul Adawiyah ◽  
Ahmad Syauqi ◽  
Hasan Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Candida Utilis ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Fungal Cell

Yeast and fungus are important biomass in the food industry. Rice flour is one of the alternative basic ingredients of composite flour and consists of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Yeast multiplies by a process known as germination, which causes fermentation. This study aims to determine the development of fungal cell population dynamics in making starter with rice flour rich in PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) nutrition. PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) is one of the good media used to breed a microorganism, either in the form of fungus / function, bacteria, or living cells. The method used in this study is a different test method for two populations with 2 variables with PDA levels of 0% and 4% with 9 times of repetition. Which is observed once every eight hours the growth dynamics of the fungus by identifying the following fungal species Aspergillus niger is white and has a good composition, Candida utilis is white, Hansenulla anomala is opaque, Trichoderma viride is clear. Keywords: Rice flour, Yeast, PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar), Aspergillus niger, Candida utilis, Trichoderma viride, Hansenula saturnus. ABSTRAK Jamur adalah biomasa yang penting di dalam industri makanan. Tepung beras merupakan salah satu alternatif bahan dasar dari tepung komposit dan terdiri atas karbohidrat, lemak, protein, mineral dan vitamin. Starter adalah populasi mikroba dalam jumlah dan kondisi fisiologis yang siap diinokulasikan pada media fermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui perkembangan dinamika populasi sel jamur pada pembuatan starter dengan media tepung beras kaya nutrisi PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar). PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) merupakan salah satu media yang baik digunakan untuk membiakkan suatu mikroorganisme, baik itu berupa cendawan/fungsi, bakteri, maupun sel mahluk hidup. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Uji beda rerata dua populasi dengan 2 variabel dengan kadar PDA 0% dan 4% dengan 9 kali ulangan waktu. Yang mana pada setiap 8 jam sekali diamati dinamika pertumbuhan jamurnya dengan mengidentifikasi spesies jamur sebagai berikut Aspergillus niger berwarna putih dan berbenang, Candida utilis berwarna putih, Hansenulla saturnus berwarna buram, Trichoderma viride berwarna bening. Kata Kunci : Tepung beras, Ragi, PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar), Aspergillus niger, Candida utilis, Trichoderma viride, Hansenula saturnus.

scholarly journals Fungal Fragments as Indoor Air Biocontaminants

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 3522-3531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał L. Górny ◽  
Tiina Reponen ◽  
Klaus Willeke ◽  
Detlef Schmechel ◽  
Enric Robine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Fungal Propagules ◽  
Optical Particle Counter ◽  
Common Antigens ◽  
Human Health Effects

ABSTRACT The aerosolization process of fungal propagules of three species (Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium melinii, and Cladosporium cladosporioides) was studied by using a newly designed and constructed aerosolization chamber. We discovered that fungal fragments are aerosolized simultaneously with spores from contaminated agar and ceiling tile surfaces. Concentration measurements with an optical particle counter showed that the fragments are released in higher numbers (up to 320 times) than the spores. The release of fungal propagules varied depending on the fungal species, the air velocity above the contaminated surface, and the texture and vibration of the contaminated material. In contrast to spores, the release of fragments from smooth surfaces was not affected by air velocity, indicating a different release mechanism. Correlation analysis showed that the number of released fragments cannot be predicted on the basis of the number of spores. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with monoclonal antibodies produced against Aspergillus and Penicillium fungal species showed that fragments and spores share common antigens, which not only confirmed the fungal origin of the fragments but also established their potential biological relevance. The considerable immunological reactivity, the high number, and the small particle size of the fungal fragments may contribute to human health effects that have been detected in buildings with mold problems but had no scientific explanation until now. This study suggests that future fungal spore investigations in buildings with mold problems should include the quantitation of fungal fragments.

scholarly journals A preliminary study on antifungal effect of TiO2-based paints in natural indoor light

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Markowska-Szczupak ◽  
Krzysztof Ulfig ◽  
Barbara Grzmil ◽  
Antoni Morawski
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Photocatalytic Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Growth Of Fungi

A preliminary study on antifungal effect of TiO2-based paints in natural indoor light The antifungal activity of four commercial photocatalytic paints (KEIM Ecosil ME, Titanium FA, Photo Silicate and Silicate D) in natural indoor light was investigated. The paints contained TiO2 in rutile and anatase crystalline forms as evidenced by means of the X-ray diffraction analysis. In most cases the paints inhibited growth of fungi viz. Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Coonemeria crustacea, Eurotium herbariorum, and Dactylomyces sp. The KEIM Ecosil ME paint displayed the highest antifungal effect in the light, which could be explained with the highest anatase content. The paint antifungal activity and the fungal sensitivity to the TiO2-mediated photocatalytic reaction both decreased in the following orders: KEIM Ecosil ME > Titanium FA > Photo Silicate > Silicate D and T. viride > Dactylomyces sp. > A. niger > E. herbariorum.

A Study on the Performance of Stratified Air Conditioning Design in Assembly Halls – A Case Study at the Dazhi Cultural Center in Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Hung ◽  
Hsien Te Lin ◽  
Yu Chung Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

This study focuses on the performance of air conditioning design at the Dazhi Cultural Center and uses a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to discuss the differences in wind velocity and ambient indoor temperature between all-zone air conditioning design and stratified air conditioning design. The results have strong implications for air conditioning design and can improve the indoor air quality of assembly halls.

Phosphate Solubilization Potentials of Rhizosphere Fungi Isolated from Insecticide Treated Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Babatide Olufemi Oladapo ◽  
Esther Aanuoluwa Ekundayo ◽  
Mariam Olukemi Mokoolu ◽  
Fatuyi Olanipekun Ekundayo
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphates

Abstract Insecticides are used widely to control a variety of pests and often residues of these insecticides are left in soil which may have impact on the phosphate solubilization potentials of rhizosphere fungi. Rhizosphere soils were collected from carefully uprooted cowpea seedlings with hand trowel on 50, 70 and 90th days of germination containing the lambda-cyhalothrin and dimethoate insecticides. Fungi associated with the above samples were identified by standard microbiological techniques. Screening for phosphate solubilization potential of the isolates was done by spot inoculation on Pikovskaya agar by measuring the clear zones around the colonies supplemented with tricalcium phosphates [Ca3(PO4)2]. The phosphatase produced by the fungal species was optimized using parameters such as incubation time, pH, temperature, carbon source and nitrogen source in submerged fermentation. The isolated rhizosphere fungi were identified as Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus terreus, Trichoderma viride, Arthroderma fulvum and Fusarium oxysporum. Among the isolates, Trichoderma viride showed the best ability to solubilize phosphate with solubilization index of 2.82 with dimethoate of 12.5ml/L of water. The optimization study for the enzyme production showed that the best incubation time for phosphatase production was 72 hours by Trichoderma viride. It was observed that the optimum pH for production of phosphatase by Trichoderma viride was 6.5. This study suggests that all the isolated fungi especially Trichoderma viride can adapt to these insecticidal treatments, which make them useful as biofertilizers to increase uptake of phosphorous in plants.

Trichoderma viride bioactive peptaibol induces apoptosis in Aspergillus niger infecting tilapia in fish farms

Aquaculture ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 547 ◽  
pp. 737474
Author(s):  
Marwa Gamal ◽  
Mohamed Abou Zaid ◽  
Iman Kamel Abou Mourad ◽  
Hussein Abd El Kareem ◽  
Ola M. Gomaa
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fish Farms

scholarly journals Airborne Aspergillus at some rural areas adjoining to Raipur city (C.G.) India

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Kunjam ◽  
V.K. Kanungo ◽  
S.K. Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Aspergillus Clavatus ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Percentage Contribution ◽  
Different Seasons

Increased urbanization and industrialization in recent time has made a significant impact on air quality of the area. The atmosphere is rich in propagule of different fungal species. The investigation on airborne Aspergillus contribution was conducted in Periphery of Raipur city from February, 2018 to March, 2019 with the help of gravity petriplate containing PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) medium. In this study, total 11 species of Aspergillus were recorded. The percentage frequency and percentage contribution of different Aspergillus species were different in different seasons. Aspergillus niger was most frequent throughout the year followed by Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, and A. nidulans etc. While Aspergillus clavatus, and A. versicolor, A. aculeatus were the least frequent species. The result indicated the highest percentage contribution of Aspergillus niger (43.29 percent) followed by A. fumigatus (9.02percent), A. flavus (8.42 percent) while A. clavatus (0.21 percent). The objective of the studies was to determine a seasonal variation in concentrations of Aspergillus on the basis of meteorological parameters.

scholarly journals PRESENTATION PATTERN AND FUNGAL AGENTS SPECTRUM CAUSING OTOMMYCOSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Kassim Dekhil
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
The Public

 Objective: This study was aimed to identify the public pattern of presentation, influencing factors, and sort the fungal species, distribution of sex of patients with otomycosis.Results: The predominant complaints were pruritus and found in 76 patients (88.73%), discomfort and pain found in 62 patients (72.09%), aural fullness in 48 patients (55.81%), tinnitus in 34 patients (39.53%), hearing impairment in 50 cases (58.31%), ear discharge in 22 patients (25.58%), and most of the symptoms seen in 36 patients (68.14%). The results showed a total of eight fungal species belong to six different genera, namely, Aspergillus, Candida, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Alternaria, and Cephalosporium were isolated during this study. Among identified fungi, Aspergillus niger was found to be the most prevalent fungal species with 35.71% followed by Candida albicans (27.55%), Aspergillus flavus (10.20%), Aspergillus fumigatus (8.16), Penicillium digitatum (6.12%) and Cephalosporium species (4.08%), and Rhizopus species (5.1%), while Alternaria alternata had the lowest percentage (6.54%).Conclusion: Otomycosis/mycotic otitis externa is still a common problem and there is a rise in the occurrence of otomycosis in latest years, especially in tropical and subtropical humid climates.

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