scholarly journals Dinamika Populasi Jamur Pada Media Starter Tepung Beras Diperkaya Nutrisi Potato Dextrose Agar

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Anindyta Robiatul Adawiyah ◽  
Ahmad Syauqi ◽  
Hasan Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Candida Utilis ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Fungal Cell

Yeast and fungus are important biomass in the food industry. Rice flour is one of the alternative basic ingredients of composite flour and consists of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Yeast multiplies by a process known as germination, which causes fermentation. This study aims to determine the development of fungal cell population dynamics in making starter with rice flour rich in PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) nutrition. PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) is one of the good media used to breed a microorganism, either in the form of fungus / function, bacteria, or living cells. The method used in this study is a different test method for two populations with 2 variables with PDA levels of 0% and 4% with 9 times of repetition. Which is observed once every eight hours the growth dynamics of the fungus by identifying the following fungal species Aspergillus niger is white and has a good composition, Candida utilis is white, Hansenulla anomala is opaque, Trichoderma viride is clear. Keywords: Rice flour, Yeast, PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar), Aspergillus niger, Candida utilis, Trichoderma viride, Hansenula saturnus. ABSTRAK Jamur adalah biomasa yang penting di dalam industri makanan. Tepung beras merupakan salah satu alternatif bahan dasar dari tepung komposit dan terdiri atas karbohidrat, lemak, protein, mineral dan vitamin. Starter adalah populasi mikroba dalam jumlah dan kondisi fisiologis yang siap diinokulasikan pada media fermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui perkembangan dinamika populasi sel jamur pada pembuatan starter dengan media tepung beras kaya nutrisi PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar). PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) merupakan salah satu media yang baik digunakan untuk membiakkan suatu mikroorganisme, baik itu berupa cendawan/fungsi, bakteri, maupun sel mahluk hidup. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Uji beda rerata dua populasi dengan 2 variabel dengan kadar PDA 0% dan 4% dengan 9 kali ulangan waktu. Yang mana pada setiap 8 jam sekali diamati dinamika pertumbuhan jamurnya dengan mengidentifikasi spesies jamur sebagai berikut Aspergillus niger berwarna putih dan berbenang, Candida utilis berwarna putih, Hansenulla saturnus berwarna buram, Trichoderma viride berwarna bening. Kata Kunci : Tepung beras, Ragi, PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar), Aspergillus niger, Candida utilis, Trichoderma viride, Hansenula saturnus.

scholarly journals Molds in museum environments: Biodeterioration of art photographs and wooden sculptures

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Ljaljevic-Grbic ◽  
M. Stupar ◽  
Jelena Vukojevic ◽  
Ivana Maricic ◽  
Natasa Bungur
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Fungal Propagules ◽  
Alternaria Sp

Pieces of art stored in museum depots and display rooms are subject to fungal colonization that leads to bio-deterioration processes. Deteriorated wooden sculptures and art photographs temporarily stored in the quarantine room of the Cultural Center of Belgrade were subject to mycological analyses. Twelve fungal species were identified on the wooden substratum and five species were detected on photograph surfaces. Trichoderma viride, Chaetomium globosum and Alternaria sp. were the fungi with proven cellulolytic activity detected on the examined cellulose substrata. Indoor air mycobiota were estimated to 210.09 ? 8.06 CFU m-3, and the conidia of fungus Aspergillus niger were the dominant fungal propagules in the air of the examined room.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Soil Mycoflora in the Upland and Lowland Soils of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
I. Y. Tafinta ◽  
K. Sheh ◽  
H. M. Maishanu ◽  
S. S. Noma ◽  
S. A. Yusif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Dilution Plate ◽  
Cotton Blue

A total of 14 different fungal species belonging to 7 genera were isolated from the upland and lowland soils of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, between October to December, 2015. The mycoflora were isolated using dilution plate technique on Potato dextrose agar amended by 1% streptomycin. Identification was made microscopically using the lacto-phenol cotton blue method and macroscopically by comparing the cultural and morphological features with the help of authentic fungal manual and taxonomic key. The identified species are; Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. oryzae, Alternaria longifes, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. mangifera, Rhizopus stolonifer, R. orizae, Saccharomyces cerevisae, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichophytum quallinum. The highest number of fungi (50 isolates) were obtained from lowland uncultivated soils (D), followed by the upland uncultivated soils (B) with about 34 strains, and the least (22 isolates) were obtained from upland cultivated soils (A) out of the total 132 isolates. Variations between sites were statistically analyzed.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF LACCASE BY FUNGI ISOLATED FROM SOIL VIA SUBMERGED FERMENTATION USING CORN COB AS SUBSTRATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-229
Author(s):  
A. Nuhu ◽  
Ibrahim Hussaini ◽  
S. Gide ◽  
G. Anas ◽  
A. Madika
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Fusarium Sp

One of the limitations of large scale application of laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) is the inability to produce them in large quantity at an affordable cost. This study was carried out to screen indigenous fungi for their ability to produce laccase using the locally available substrate. Five soil samples were collected and diluted serially, 0.1 mL of the 10-5 and 10-6 dilutions were inoculated onto Potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates. The fungal isolates were identified based on their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The isolates were then screened for laccase production by growing them on PDA containing tannic acid as an indicator compound. The laccase producing isolates were further screened for their ability to utilize corn cob as a substrate for laccase production. Ten fungal species were isolated and identified as Trichoderma viridae (3), Trichoderma harzianum (3), Aspergillus niger (2), Fusarium sp. (1) and Penicillium sp. (1). Only two of the isolates namely T. viridae and T. harzianum were found to be laccase producers. Both laccase producing fungal species were able to utilize corn cob as substrate for laccase production. T. viridae had higher enzyme activity (2.228 U/mL) than T. harzianum (2.1583 U/mL) after 9 days of incubation. Laccase producing fungi were isolated in this study and they were able to use corn cob as substrate for laccase production.

scholarly journals Two Novel, Putatively Cell Wall-Associated and Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored α-Glucanotransferase Enzymes of Aspergillus niger

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1178-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. van der Kaaij ◽  
X.-L. Yuan ◽  
A. Franken ◽  
A. F. J. Ram ◽  
P. J. Punt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Calcofluor White ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Transglycosylation Activity ◽  
Glycosidic Bonds ◽  
A Cell

ABSTRACT In the genome sequence of Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88, three genes were identified with high similarity to fungal α-amylases. The protein sequences derived from these genes were different in two ways from all described fungal α-amylases: they were predicted to be glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored, and some highly conserved amino acids of enzymes in the α-amylase family were absent. We expressed two of these enzymes in a suitable A. niger strain and characterized the purified proteins. Both enzymes showed transglycosylation activity on donor substrates with α-(1,4)-glycosidic bonds and at least five anhydroglucose units. The enzymes, designated AgtA and AgtB, produced new α-(1,4)-glycosidic bonds and therefore belong to the group of the 4-α-glucanotransferases (EC 2.4.1.25). Their reaction products reached a degree of polymerization of at least 30. Maltose and larger maltooligosaccharides were the most efficient acceptor substrates, although AgtA also used small nigerooligosaccharides containing α-(1,3)-glycosidic bonds as acceptor substrate. An agtA knockout of A. niger showed an increased susceptibility towards the cell wall-disrupting compound calcofluor white, indicating a cell wall integrity defect in this strain. Homologues of AgtA and AgtB are present in other fungal species with α-glucans in their cell walls, but not in yeast species lacking cell wall α-glucan. Possible roles for these enzymes in the synthesis and/or maintenance of the fungal cell wall are discussed.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN KOLONI ASPERGILLUS NIGER PADA MEDIA AGAR TEPUNG BERAS DEKSTROSA DENGAN METODE DILUSI

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Etiek Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar

Beras merupakan jenis biji-bijian dengan kandungan karbohidrat sebesar 79 gram, se- hingga dapat menjadi media pertumbuhan untuk mikroorganisme jamur, salah satun- ya yaitu jamur Asperillus niger. Nutrisi utama yang dibutuhkan untuk pertumbuham mikroorganisme jamur adalah karbohidrat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus niger pada media RFDA (Rice Flour Dex- trose Agar) dengan media standar PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar).Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen semu dengan media RFDA. jumlah sampel 30 yang terdiri dari media RFDA konsentrasi yakni 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% dan 100% dengan 3 replikasi serta 3 sampel untuk media standar PDA (Potato Dex- trose Agar) sebagai kontrol. Kultur jamur Aspergillus niger dilakukan pengamatan selama 4 hari. Hasil uji Anova menunjukan tidak terdapat perbedaan antara media RFDA (Rice Flour Dextrose Agar) dengan media standar PDA sebagai kontrol. Dapat disimpulkan tidak terdapat perbedaan antara media alternatif RFDA dan media stan- dar PDA dalam pertumbuhan jumlahkoloni jamur Aspergillus niger dengan metode dilusi pada konsentrasi 40%, 50%,60%,70%, 80%, 90% dan 100%.

Antifungal Proteins from Plant Latex

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-506
Author(s):  
Mayck Silva Barbosa ◽  
Bruna da Silva Souza ◽  
Ana Clara Silva Sales ◽  
Jhoana D’arc Lopes de Sousa ◽  
Francisca Dayane Soares da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Protein Classification ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Antifungal Proteins ◽  
Plant Latex

Latex, a milky fluid found in several plants, is widely used for many purposes, and its proteins have been investigated by researchers. Many studies have shown that latex produced by some plant species is a natural source of biologically active compounds, and many of the hydrolytic enzymes are related to health benefits. Research on the characterization and industrial and pharmaceutical utility of latex has progressed in recent years. Latex proteins are associated with plants’ defense mechanisms, against attacks by fungi. In this respect, there are several biotechnological applications of antifungal proteins. Some findings reveal that antifungal proteins inhibit fungi by interrupting the synthesis of fungal cell walls or rupturing the membrane. Moreover, both phytopathogenic and clinical fungal strains are susceptible to latex proteins. The present review describes some important features of proteins isolated from plant latex which presented in vitro antifungal activities: protein classification, function, molecular weight, isoelectric point, as well as the fungal species that are inhibited by them. We also discuss their mechanisms of action.

scholarly journals A preliminary study on antifungal effect of TiO2-based paints in natural indoor light

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Markowska-Szczupak ◽  
Krzysztof Ulfig ◽  
Barbara Grzmil ◽  
Antoni Morawski
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Photocatalytic Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Growth Of Fungi

A preliminary study on antifungal effect of TiO2-based paints in natural indoor light The antifungal activity of four commercial photocatalytic paints (KEIM Ecosil ME, Titanium FA, Photo Silicate and Silicate D) in natural indoor light was investigated. The paints contained TiO2 in rutile and anatase crystalline forms as evidenced by means of the X-ray diffraction analysis. In most cases the paints inhibited growth of fungi viz. Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Coonemeria crustacea, Eurotium herbariorum, and Dactylomyces sp. The KEIM Ecosil ME paint displayed the highest antifungal effect in the light, which could be explained with the highest anatase content. The paint antifungal activity and the fungal sensitivity to the TiO2-mediated photocatalytic reaction both decreased in the following orders: KEIM Ecosil ME > Titanium FA > Photo Silicate > Silicate D and T. viride > Dactylomyces sp. > A. niger > E. herbariorum.

Screening and Identification of Laccase Producing Fungi from Environmental Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
A. Bello ◽  
◽  
J. B. Ameh ◽  
D. A. Machido ◽  
A. I. Mohammed-Dabo
Keyword(s):  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Decaying Wood

Laccases are oxidases with broad substrate specificity and ability to oxidize various phenolic and non-phenolic compounds. This study was carried out to isolate and characterizes laccase producing fungi from environment samples. Soil and decaying wood samples were collected from different locations within Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Main campus. Suspensions of the samples (1 g in 10 mL sterile distilled water) were serially diluted, inoculated onto Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) containing 0.01% Chloramphenicol and incubated for 7 days at 30oC.The fungal isolates were characterized macroscopically and microscopically with the aid of an atlas. The identified fungal isolates were screened for laccase production by inoculating onto PDA containing 0.02% Guaiacol, 1mM ABTS (2 2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 0.5% Tannic acid as indicator compounds and incubated at 250C for 7 days. The laccase producing isolates were confirmed molecularly by ITS rDNA sequence analysis using the FASTA algorithm with the Fungus database from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI).A total of 25 fungal species (11 from soil and 14 from decaying wood samples) were isolated. Two isolates from the soil origin identified as Curvularia lunata SSI7 (Accession No. QIE06317.1) and Fusarium clade VII SSI3 (Accession No. GQ505677) were found to produce laccase where Curvularia lunata SSI7 was able to oxidize all the indicator compounds used for the screening. Fusarium clade VII SSI3 was able to oxidize only 0.5% Tannic acid. Laccase producing Curvularia lunata and Fusarium clade VII were isolated from soil samples collected from ABU Zaria Main Campus. Keywords: laccase, fungi, soil, decaying wood

Phosphate Solubilization Potentials of Rhizosphere Fungi Isolated from Insecticide Treated Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Babatide Olufemi Oladapo ◽  
Esther Aanuoluwa Ekundayo ◽  
Mariam Olukemi Mokoolu ◽  
Fatuyi Olanipekun Ekundayo
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphates

Abstract Insecticides are used widely to control a variety of pests and often residues of these insecticides are left in soil which may have impact on the phosphate solubilization potentials of rhizosphere fungi. Rhizosphere soils were collected from carefully uprooted cowpea seedlings with hand trowel on 50, 70 and 90th days of germination containing the lambda-cyhalothrin and dimethoate insecticides. Fungi associated with the above samples were identified by standard microbiological techniques. Screening for phosphate solubilization potential of the isolates was done by spot inoculation on Pikovskaya agar by measuring the clear zones around the colonies supplemented with tricalcium phosphates [Ca3(PO4)2]. The phosphatase produced by the fungal species was optimized using parameters such as incubation time, pH, temperature, carbon source and nitrogen source in submerged fermentation. The isolated rhizosphere fungi were identified as Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus terreus, Trichoderma viride, Arthroderma fulvum and Fusarium oxysporum. Among the isolates, Trichoderma viride showed the best ability to solubilize phosphate with solubilization index of 2.82 with dimethoate of 12.5ml/L of water. The optimization study for the enzyme production showed that the best incubation time for phosphatase production was 72 hours by Trichoderma viride. It was observed that the optimum pH for production of phosphatase by Trichoderma viride was 6.5. This study suggests that all the isolated fungi especially Trichoderma viride can adapt to these insecticidal treatments, which make them useful as biofertilizers to increase uptake of phosphorous in plants.

Trichoderma viride bioactive peptaibol induces apoptosis in Aspergillus niger infecting tilapia in fish farms

Aquaculture ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 547 ◽  
pp. 737474
Author(s):  
Marwa Gamal ◽  
Mohamed Abou Zaid ◽  
Iman Kamel Abou Mourad ◽  
Hussein Abd El Kareem ◽  
Ola M. Gomaa
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fish Farms
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