scholarly journals Characterization of a rare species of Neurospora isolated from a river water sample in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 685-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Yang ◽  
Siliang Huang ◽  
Yubian Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
River Water ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
River Water Sample

A fungal isolate (ZZS4408) was obtained from a river water sample in Henan, China, and identified as a member of Neurospora brevispora, a rare species of Neurospora based on its morphological characteristics and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA-ITS) sequence. The temperatures suitable for growth of the isolate were 28-37?C with 31?C as the optimum. The growth rates of hyphal tips were 19.1-42.5 (av. 31.9) ?m min-1 at 32?C. The pH suitable for vegetative growth ranged from 5 to 7, with pH 5.5 as the optimum. The heterodisaccharides (sucrose and lactose) and D-alanine were found to be most favorable for vegetative growth of the isolate, as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The vegetative growth of the isolate was more significantly influenced by nitrogen sources compared to carbon sources. N. brevispora could be considered a desirable fungal species for morphodifferentiation studies due to its rapid growth rates under favorable conditions.

scholarly journals Stem Blight of Blueberry Caused by Lasiodiplodia vaccinii sp. nov. in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 2041-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Stem Blight ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) are largely cultivated in China because of their nutritional benefits and economic value. Blueberry stem blight caused by members of the Botryosphaeriaceae has become one of the most severe diseases affecting blueberry cultivation in China. In this study, we examined the causal agent of blueberry stem blight at commercial greenhouse farms in the suburban area of Beijing, China. In total, 37 isolates of Botryosphaeriaceae were obtained from 100 stem blight samples of blueberry. Twelve of 37 strains were morphologically consistent with the genus Lasiodiplodia, showing ellipsoid to ovoid, one-celled, hyaline conidia that sometimes turned brown, with median septa and longitudinal striations when mature. These 12 strains were identified as belonging to a novel fungal species, Lasiodiplodia vaccinii, based on phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated internal transcribed spacer, RNA polymerase II gene, β-tubulin gene, and translation elongation factor-1α gene sequences as well as morphological characteristics. Pathogenicity tests indicated that L. vaccinii can cause twig blight on blueberry seedlings in the greenhouse. Mycelial growth of L. vaccinii occurred at pH values ranging from 3.0 to 10.0, with an optimum at 6.2, and at temperatures from 15 to 40°C, with an optimum at 30.3°C. Of the seven carbon sources tested, sucrose, fructose, and glucose were all highly efficient in supporting the mycelial growth of L. vaccinii, and xylose was the least effective. Of six nitrogen sources tested, yeast extract and tryptone best promoted mycelial growth of L. vaccinii. The ability of L. vaccinii to grow at high temperatures may help to explain its occurrence in Beijing greenhouses in this study.

scholarly journals Growth responses of aquatic hyphomycetes to different sources of carbon and nitrogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Aquatic Hyphomycetes ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Different Sources

Assessment of different sources of carbon and nitrogen in terms of dry weight biomass of four selected aquatic hyphomycetes viz; Flagellospora penicilloides Ingold, Pestalotiopsis submersus Sati and Tiwari, Tetrachaetum elegans Ingold and Tetracladium marchalianum De Wildeman was made for their nutritional requirements. Eight carbon sources and ten nitrogen sources were singly added to the basal media in order to provide 4g of carbon and 1g of nitrogen per litre of distilled water. Among carbon compounds glucose and sucrose were found to be most suitable sources of carbon for all the four fungal isolates, where as fructose proved good for T. marchalianum, P. submersus and F.penicilloides fairly. Cellulose was found a poor source of carbon for the growth of all these isolates. The inorganic sources of nitrogen were found as good nitrogen sources with preference for ammonium ions. Suitability of amino acids was found variable from species to species for nitrogen. T.elegans and T.marchalianum had their maximum growth in asparagines, whereas, P. submersus had their highest growth in proline. Cysteine was observed as a good source of nitrogen for almost all the fungal isolates used. Anova calculated for these observed data showed significant variations in the dry weight production of different fungal species grown in different sources of carbon and nitrogen(P<0.01).

scholarly journals First Recognition of Issatchenkia orientalis in Mature Citrus Fruits in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-335
Author(s):  
J. J. Tuset ◽  
R. Perucho
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Hypodermic Injection ◽  
Issatchenkia Orientalis ◽  
Pure Cultures

During the first four months of 2000, mature fruit of clementine cvs. Clemenules and Hernandina, mandarin cvs. Ortanique and Fortune, and orange cv. Navelina from several packinghouses located in Valencia Province were affected by a soft, watery, colorless or very light brown decay. The incidence of the decay was 5 to 12% in clementines and mandarins and 0.2 to 0.8% in oranges. A yeast was isolated consistently on potato-dextrose agar from affected tissues and from the juice of decayed fruits. Colonies of this yeast were butyrous, light cream in color, and smooth with a dry surface (or with a flattened center) and lobed margins with sparse, branched pseudohyphae. Some isolates that were light pink in color later turned cream colored. Yeast cells were ovoid to elongate, single or in pairs, with one or two buds at one end (multilateral budding). The cells were 1.1 to 5.7 μm × 3.2 to 12.8 μm. Ascospores were not observed. Fermentation and growth on carbon sources (several carbohydrates), growth on nitrogen sources (nitrate, cadaverine, L-lysine, etc.), requirement for vitamins, and growth at 40°C were used for identification. Based on the results of such tests and morphological characteristics, the fungus was identified as Issatchenkia orientalis Kudryavtsev (anamorph: Candida krusei (Castellani) Berkhout) (2). To satisfy Koch's postulates in pathogenicity tests, cells from pure cultures on agar or in orange juice were inoculated by hypodermic injection into the peel and flesh of oranges, clementines, mandarins, grapefruits, and lemons. After 10 to 20 days in a moist chamber at 24°C, a decay resembling symptoms that occurred in the packinghouse were observed in the inoculated fruits (1,3). The lemon fruits were the most affected. The fungus reisolated from decayed fruits was identical to the original isolates. This is the first report of this yeast as a decay of citrus produced in Europe. Climatic conditions (rainfall in spring and dry in summer and autumn) in citrus-growing areas in Spain, together with the presence of the Mediterranean fruit fly, may have been factors in disease development. A similar decay is caused by Geotrichum candidum, and previously this may have been mistaken for decay caused by I. orientalis. References: (1) P. R. Harding. Plant Dis. Rep. 52:433, 1968. (2) C. D. Kurtzman. 1998. The Yeasts, A Taxonomic Study. 4th ed. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam. (3) K. V. Shankhapal and V. G. Hatwalne. Plant Dis. Rep. 60:237, 1976.

Effect-directed analysis (EDA) of Danube River water sample receiving untreated municipal wastewater from Novi Sad, Serbia

2018 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 1072-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arslan Kamal Hashmi ◽  
Beate I. Escher ◽  
Martin Krauss ◽  
Ivana Teodorovic ◽  
Werner Brack
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
River Water ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Danube River ◽  
River Water Sample ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
Effect Directed Analysis

DETERMINATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN RIVER WATER SAMPLE BY PIXE

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tsuji ◽  
K. Kawasaki ◽  
T. Niizeki ◽  
M. Saitou ◽  
T. Hattori
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
River Water ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
River Water Sample ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Concentration Method ◽  
Certified Value ◽  
Tokyo Institute ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Good Agreement

Transition metal elements and others in river water sample supplied by The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry (JSAC) were determined by PIXE using 2.5 MeV proton beam at the Tokyo Institute of Technology Van de Graaff Laboratory. The relative detection efficiency for each X-ray of element and its recovery were studied in two methods: "Drop and Dry" and "Concentration" methods. Ten elements ( V , Cr , Mn , Fe , Ni , Cu , Zn , As , Se and Pb ) were determined, being in good agreement with the values certified by JSAC except for Mn . Intensity of K α X-ray of As and L α, X-ray of Pb nearly close to each other could be successfully evaluated using isolated L β X-ray of Pb . Mn was insufficiently recovered to give lower content than the certified value in the present conditions. V that is not listed in the certificate was found to show good agreement with that reported previously. Concentration method using sodium dibenzyldithiocarbamate only could be successfully employed for collecting these elements.

scholarly journals Remediation of Kalyani River water using plant-bacterial cell synergism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Abdulkadir ◽  
Monika Chhimwal ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
River Water ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
River Water Sample ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Epipremnum Aureum ◽  
Enhanced Remediation

Abstract The purpose of this research was to evaluate the potential of plant-immobilized bacterial cells synergism for enhanced remediation of polluted river water. The polluted river water sample was collected from Kalyani river, Uttarakhand, India and characterized by high concentration of COD (1010 mg/l), BOD (230 mg/l), NO3−-N (30 mg/l), PO43−-P (48.9 mg/l), and Pb(1.028 mg/l). This water sample was treated on a lab scale with immobilized bacterial cells and Epipremnum aureum in various treatment setups. The treatment system 3 using a combination of immobilized bacterial cells and Epipremnum aureum had the highest pollutant removal efficiency of all the treatment setups tested. At 96 hours, the total COD, BOD, NO3−-N, PO43−-P and Pb contents of polluted river water sample were reduced to 60 mg/l, 20 mg/l, 2.4 mg/l, 11.7 mg/l, and 0.065 mg/l, respectively. Based on the findings, it is possible to conclude that utilizing plant-immobilized bacterial cell synergism is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach for enhanced remediation and rejuvenation of polluted river water. Furthermore, a field-scale application of plant-immobilized bacterial cell synergism via floating wetland construction for on-site treatment of contaminated water on the Kalyani river is recommended.

Mycetophagy in Filenchus misellus (Andrássy, 1958) Lownsbery & Lownsbery, 1985 (Nematoda: Tylenchidae), with notes on its morphology

Nematology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 795-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Kadota ◽  
Takao Tsukiboshi ◽  
Hiroaki Okada
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Species Population ◽  
Northern Japan

AbstractPopulation growth rates on fungal colonies and morphological characteristics were investigated in a member of the genus Filenchus (Tylenchidae) collected from decomposing rice straw in Fukushima-city, northern Japan. The nematode was identified as F. misellus on the basis of the great similarity in morphological measurements to the known populations of the species. Population growth rates were measured 40 days after inoculating nematodes on to seven fungal species cultured in Petri dishes at 25oC. Growth rates were high on Chaetomium globosum and Coprinus cinereus, intermediate on Pleurotus ostreatus and Rhizoctonia solani and low on Agaricus bisporus, Fusarium oxysporum and Pythium ultimum. The ability of the nematode to feed on fungi in decomposing organic matter suggests the possibility for alternative life history strategies and greater ecological amplitude for members of Filenchus and other genera of Tylenchidae.

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