scholarly journals Analysis of human exhaled breath in a population of young volunteers

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1529-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bozidarka Zaric ◽  
Srdjan Petrovic ◽  
Milan Bjekic ◽  
Ivana Rajic ◽  
Aleksandar Popovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Human Breath ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human breath can provide information about the current physiological state of an individual, such as clinical conditions and exposure to exogenous pollutants. The blood-borne VOCs present in exhaled breath offer the possibility of exploring physiological and pathological processes in a noninvasive way. However, the field of exhaled breath analysis is still in its infancy. We undertook this study in order to define interindividual variation and common compounds in breath VOCs of 48 young human volunteers. Alveolar breath samples were analyzed by automated thermal desorption, gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (FID) and electron capture detector (ECD) using SUPELCO standards with 66 compounds. Predominant compounds in the alveolar breath of analyzed subjects are ethylbenzene, 1-ethyl-4-methylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (over 50% of the subjects). Isopropyl alcohol, propylene, acetone, ethanol were found as well. We detected substituted compounds in exhaled breath.

scholarly journals Data preprocessing workflow for exhaled breath analysis by GC/MS using open sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Alba Sola Martínez ◽  
José María Pastor Hernández ◽  
Gema Lozano Terol ◽  
Julia Gallego-Jara ◽  
Luis García-Marcos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Data Preprocessing ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Current State ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Volatile Organic

AbstractThe noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of high prevalence diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers and chronic respiratory diseases are currently priority objectives in the area of health. In this regard, the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been identified as a potential noninvasive tool for the diagnosis and surveillance of several diseases. Despite the advantages of this strategy, it is not yet a routine clinical tool. The lack of reproducible protocols for each step of the biomarker discovery phase is an obstacle of the current state. Specifically, this issue is present at the data preprocessing step. Thus, an open source workflow for preprocessing the data obtained by the analysis of exhaled breath samples using gas chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is presented in this paper. This workflow is based on the connection of two approaches to transform raw data into a useful matrix for statistical analysis. Moreover, this workflow includes matching compounds from breath samples with a spectral library. Three free packages (xcms, cliqueMS and eRah) written in the language R are used for this purpose. Furthermore, this paper presents a suitable protocol for exhaled breath sample collection from infants under 2 years of age for GC/MS.

Ion-Trap Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds in Alveolar Breath

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Phillips ◽  
J Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Human Breath ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Computer Based

Abstract We describe a method for the collection and microanalysis of the volatile organic compounds in human breath. A transportable apparatus supplies subjects with purified air and samples their alveolar breath; the volatile organic compounds are captured in an adsorptive trap containing activated carbon and molecular sieve. The sample is thermally desorbed from the trap in an automated microprocessor-controlled device, concentrated by two-stage cryofocusing, and assayed by gas chromatography with ion-trap detection. Compounds are identified by reference to a computer-based library of mass spectra with subtraction of the background components present in the inspired air. We used this device to study 10 normal subjects and determined the relative abundance of the volatile organic compounds in their alveolar breath. The breath-collecting apparatus was convenient to operate and was well tolerated by human volunteers.

scholarly journals Detection and quantification of exhaled volatile organic compounds in mechanically ventilated patients – comparison of two sampling methods

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Pouline M. P. van Oort ◽  
Iain R. White ◽  
Waqar Ahmed ◽  
Craig Johnson ◽  
Jonathan Bannard-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated Patients ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Ventilated Patients ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Exhaled breath analysis is a promising new diagnostic tool, but currently no standardised method for sampling is available in mechanically ventilated patients. We identified potential sources of bias as illustrated in this figure.

Exhaled Breath Analysis in Tuberculosis Case Detection: The New Horizon

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-244
Author(s):  
Ranabir Pal ◽  
S Dahal ◽  
A Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Gaseous Mixture ◽  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Tuberculosis Case ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Health And Disease

Sixty years ago, Nobel Prize winner Linus Pauling proposed the concept that human breath is a complex and dynamic gaseous mixture of more than 200 different endogenous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are continually being released in different quantities within the internal environment during health and disease. The researchers estimate that more than a thousand chemicals produced in different organ-systems as metabolic end products come out every minute through the respiratory tract. Volatile organic compounds and other products of oxidative stress are a big chunk among these exhaled breath elements.DOI: http://doi.dx.org/10.3126/nje.v3i2.8509

scholarly journals Breath Biomarkers in Diagnostic Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5514
Author(s):  
Y. Lan Pham ◽  
Jonathan Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Human Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Insight Into

The detection of chemical compounds in exhaled human breath presents an opportunity to determine physiological state, diagnose disease or assess environmental exposure. Recent advancements in metabolomics research have led to improved capabilities to explore human metabolic profiles in breath. Despite some notable challenges in sampling and analysis, exhaled breath represents a desirable medium for metabolomics applications, foremost due to its non-invasive, convenient and practically limitless availability. Several breath-based tests that target either endogenous or exogenous gas-phase compounds are currently established and are in practical and/or clinical use. This review outlines the concept of breath analysis in the context of these unique tests and their applications. The respective breath biomarkers targeted in each test are discussed in relation to their physiological production in the human body and the development and implementation of the associated tests. The paper concludes with a brief insight into prospective tests and an outlook of the future direction of breath research.

scholarly journals Breath Tests in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine: From Research to Practice in Current Perspectives

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attapon Cheepsattayakorn ◽  
Ruangrong Cheepsattayakorn
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Individual

Today, exhaled nitric oxide has been studied the most, and most researches have now focusd on asthma. More than a thousand different volatile organic compounds have been observed in low concentrations in normal human breath. Alkanes and methylalkanes, the majority of breath volatile organic compounds, have been increasingly used by physicians as a novel method to diagnose many diseases without discomforts of invasive procedures. None of the individual exhaled volatile organic compound alone is specific for disease. Exhaled breath analysis techniques may be available to diagnose and monitor the diseases in home setting when their sensitivity and specificity are improved in the future.

Exhaled Breath Analysis For Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Can Distinguish COPD From Controls

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasir I. Syed ◽  
Chris O. Phillips ◽  
Juan J. Rodriguez ◽  
Neil Mac Parthalain ◽  
Ludmila I. Kuncheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Breath Analysis ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Critical Review of Volatile Organic Compound Analysis in Breath and In Vitro Cell Culture for Detection of Lung Cancer

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhunan Jia ◽  
Abhijeet Patra ◽  
Viknish Kutty ◽  
Thirumalai Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Breath Analysis ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis ◽  
Volatile Organic

Breath analysis is a promising technique for lung cancer screening. Despite the rapid development of breathomics in the last four decades, no consistent, robust, and validated volatile organic compound (VOC) signature for lung cancer has been identified. This review summarizes the identified VOC biomarkers from both exhaled breath analysis and in vitro cultured lung cell lines. Both clinical and in vitro studies have produced inconsistent, and even contradictory, results. Methodological issues that lead to these inconsistencies are reviewed and discussed in detail. Recommendations on addressing specific issues for more accurate biomarker studies have also been made.

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