scholarly journals Expressing time in the autobiographical discourse of internally displaced persons (IDP) from Kosovo and Metohija

Balcanica ◽  
2008 ◽  
pp. 199-220
Author(s):  
Svetlana Cirkovic
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Linguistic Anthropology ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Time Marker ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point

The oral corpus of recorded conversations with displaced persons from Kosovo and Metohija was formed in 2003. The transcript of a three-hour conversation with a female interlocutor originally from the environs of Suva Reka (Metohija) has been subjected to discourse analysis, an oft-used technique within linguistic anthropology. The focus of the contribution is on the interlocutor?s ways of expressing time. Her autobiographical discourse, as well as that of displaced persons from Kosovo and Metohija in general, shows that the war/bombing/displacement functions as a temporal divide, as a time marker in relation to which the past, present and future are expressed. The results of this pilot study into time expressions may be used as the starting point in studying the entire oral corpus.

The special psychiatric problems of refugees

2012 ◽  
pp. 1493-1500
Author(s):  
Richard F. Mollica ◽  
Melissa A. Culhane ◽  
Daniel H. Hovelson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World

While the forced displacement of people from their homes has been described since ancient times, the past half-century has witnessed an expansion in the size of refugee populations of extraordinary numbers. In 1970, for example, there were only 2.5 million refugees receiving international protection, primarily through the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR). By 2006, UNHCR was legally responsible for 8.4 million refugees. In addition, it is conservatively estimated that an additional 23.7 million people are displaced within the borders of their own countries. Although similar in characteristics to refugees who have crossed international borders, internally displaced persons do not receive the same protection of international law. Adding all refugee-type persons together, the world is forced to acknowledge the reality that over the past decade more than 10 000 people per day became refugees or internally displaced persons. The sheer magnitude of the global refugee crisis, the resettlement of large numbers of refugees in modern industrial nations such as Canada, the United States, Europe, and Australia, and the increased media attention to civil and ethnic conflict throughout the world has contributed to the medical and mental health issues of refugees becoming an issue of global concern. This chapter will focus on a comprehensive overview of the psychiatric evaluation and treatment of refugees and refugee communities. Although this mental health specialty is in its infancy, many scientific advances have been made that can facilitate the successful psychiatric care of refugee patients.

scholarly journals Some reflections on the IFRC's approach to migration and displacement

2017 ◽  
Vol 99 (904) ◽  
pp. 153-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastien Moretti ◽  
Tiziana Bonzon
Keyword(s):  
Migration Policy ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Irregular Migrants ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Displaced People

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the development of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies’ (IFRC) approach to migration and displacement. The focus of the IFRC and its member National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (National Societies) in this regard has traditionally been on refugees and other so-called “displaced persons” – that is, people who have been compelled to flee their place or country of origin and for this reason are deemed to be particularly vulnerable. However, this focus has been extended recently, in the course of the past decade, to cover all people who find themselves in a vulnerable situation in the context of migration. The IFRC Migration Policy, which was adopted in 2009, has offered much-needed guidance to National Societies in dealing with all migrants, including irregular migrants. However, it is argued that there is a need today – taking into consideration the increasing number of displaced people worldwide and the numerous contexts in which National Societies are dealing with refugees, internally displaced persons or cross-border disaster-displaced persons – to better understand the programmatic aspects that are specific to displacement compared with migration. This is a necessary condition in view of the development of more adequate and effective responses to the vulnerabilities and needs of migrants and displaced persons.

Trapped in the Past: Memories of Georgian Internally Displaced Persons on the Margins of Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malkhaz Toria ◽  
Nino Pirtskhalava ◽  
Elene Kekelia ◽  
Konstantine Ladaria
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
South Ossetia ◽  
The Past ◽  
Constant Pain ◽  
Imperial Politics

AbstractFrom the early 1990s through the 2008 “Russo-Georgian war,” waves of armed conflicts in the Abkhazia and South Ossetia/Tskhinvali regions of Georgia forced thousands of residents, mainly ethnic Georgians, to leave their homes. More than two decades of protracted internal displacement, marked by tough economic and social problems, led this vulnerable community to a common trap in reckoning with the past: an overwhelming sense of the fundamental ruptures between the idealized past and current, miserable reality. Failures of the displacement policy and “side effects” of numerous humanitarian aid projects hinder internally displaced persons’ social integration and leave them on the margins of Georgian society with almost a singular option: to constantly recall meaningful life in the lost homeland, which they remember as free of ethnic phobias and economic problems. In this article, we suggest that for persons who are internally displaced, memories are defined not only by their past lived experiences and present hardships, but also by the official historical narratives that argue that Georgian-Abkhazian and Georgian-Ossetian “endemic” unity and cohabitation was destroyed by Russian imperial politics. Living in constant pain also narrows the future expectations of the internally displaced persons. However, it is the past and the memories that are supposed to be useful in achieving the utopian dream of a return.

scholarly journals THE USE OF DISCOURSE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BLAME IN CONFLICT SITUATIONS: THE CASE OF KENYA’S INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Nelson Ndiritu
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
The World ◽  
Election Violence ◽  
Depth Interviews

The use of violence as means of addressing differences between groups and individuals is common. The world has witnessed wars and small scale violence resulting from disagreements.  Violence however leaves behind trails of destruction and pain in its wake. It also generally perceived as a sign of failure of the power of the intellect to address issues. It is therefore regarded as a primitive method which is employed as a  last resort. Parties that have been involved in violence may therefore find need to explain the reasons for their involvement and often tend to lay blame for the violence elsewhere. This paper investigates the discursive resources employed in the management of blame in conflict situations taking the case of the Kenyan Internally Displaced Persons. The paper employs Discursive Psychology one of the approaches to discourse analysis to investigate the management of the blame arising from the violence that followed Kenya’s 2007 elections. The paper draws from a research carried out by the author among 24 Internally Displaced Persons in Kenya’s 2007/2008 post-election violence. The research sample comprised an equal number of male and female respondents who were from the different communities involved in the violence.The data was collected by means of in-depth interviews.

Yemen’s Huthis will tighten their grip on Marib city

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Steady Improvement ◽  
The Military

Significance The coalition supports the internationally recognised government of President Abd Rabbu Mansur Hadi. However, the credibility of pro-Hadi forces has been sapped by the Huthis’ major territorial gains since February, especially over the past two months. Impacts The Huthis’ territorial gains will complicate efforts to provide aid to the million internally displaced persons living in Marib. With attacks on pumping stations ongoing, fighting in Shabwa and Marib could further damage oil and gas infrastructure. The weakening military position of the Hadi government will contribute to the further erosion of its already limited role in southern Yemen. The military standoff and steady improvement in the Huthis’ Iran-supplied drone technology will in the long run push Riyadh towards a deal.

scholarly journals Global Tuberculosis Burden: Is Nigeria Losing The War?

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. ix-xi ◽  
Author(s):  
G T Jombo ◽  
Pater T Mbaave
Keyword(s):  
Control Programme ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

Tuberculosis, an old disease has claimed several millions of lives over several thousands of years in the past and at present is still a global disease. Although several countries of the world have put the disease under control in their own domain, the disease is still endemic in most parts of Asia and Africa who presently harbour over 70% of the total global burden of the disease. Nigeria presently records at least 320,000 new cases of TB every year and is the most endemic on the continent. With the increasing social instability in the country leading to the upsurge of internally displaced persons (IDPs), and establishment of several refugee camps, control of the disease has become more complicated.  The ongoing TB control programme in the country should also specifically target the IDPs so as to avert a potential explosion of the disease with catastrophic consequences.

scholarly journals Effect of Sanitary-Environmental Conditions of Diabetic Hypertension Incidence in Displaced Persons

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muamer Muraspahić ◽  
Isaja Kastrat ◽  
Semsudin Plojović ◽  
Mirsad Imamovic ◽  
Sonja Ketin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The Past ◽  
Autoimmune Antibodies ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
High Level

BACKGROUND: The abnormal conditions of life and genetic factors often play a major role in the incidence of "diabetes - diabetes", heart disease and vascular disease, jaundice and posttraumatic stress.AIM: Trauma and posttraumatic stress are most common in the displaced persons, and the focus of this paper is to focus on this issue regarding cases in former Yugoslavia, and now in our country. These diseases are caused by increased beta-cell sensitivity to viruses, the development of autoimmune antibodies attacking their pancreas cells, degenerative changes in cells that result in the change of structure and of insulin production.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this paper, we have taken into account the traumatic events and long-term psychosocial consequences for internally displaced persons, several years after displacement, and found a high level of PTSD symptoms.RESULTS: This stress is present in almost 1/3 of internally displaced persons, and every sixth person has suffered from PTSD in the past. Respondents suffer from symptoms of intrusion, but there was a large number of symptoms, such as avoidance and increased arousal. We also found that gender, age and education are related to the symptoms.CONCLUSION: Females, and older respondents and internally displaced persons with lower levels of education show a higher level of PTSD symptoms.

scholarly journals An exploratory pilot study of the effect of modified hygiene kits on handwashing with soap among internally displaced persons in Ethiopia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Hasund Thorseth ◽  
Tom Heath ◽  
Andualem Sisay ◽  
Mare Hamo ◽  
Sian White
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Standard Hygiene ◽  
Handwashing With Soap

Abstract Background Internally displaced persons (IDPs) forced to flee from their homes due to conflict and drought are at particular risk of morbidity and mortality due to diarrhoeal diseases. Regular handwashing with soap could substantially reduce the risk of these infections, but the behaviour is challenging to practice while living in resource-poor, informal settlements. To mitigate these challenges, humanitarian aid organisations distribute hygiene kits including soap and handwashing infrastructure. Our study aimed to assess the effect of modified hygiene kits on handwashing behaviours among IDPs in Moyale, Ethiopia. Methods The pilot study evaluated three interventions separately; liquid soap, a ‘good quality’ scented bar soap and a mirror as modifications to a standard hygiene kit. The hygiene kit was distributed to four study arms, with three of the arms receiving one of the interventions in addition. Three to six weeks after distribution, behaviour change and perceptions of the interventions was assessed through structured observations, surveys and focus group discussions. Results At follow-up, handwashing with soap was rare at key times in all study arms. In the arm that received liquid soap, handwashing with soap was seen at 20% of key times but this was not indicated significantly different to the control arm were a prevalence of 17% (p-value=0.348). In the two other intervention arms prevalence was <11%. Participants in FGDs indicated that the liquid soap, scented bar soap and the mirror made handwashing more desirable. In contrast the standard bar soap distributed in hygiene kits was not viewed as being nice to use. Conclusion This study did not identify any effect of the modified kits on handwashing behaviour. However, it did indicate that there is value in better understanding hygiene product preferences as this may contribute to increased acceptability and use among crisis-affected populations. The challenges of doing research in conflict-affected regions had considerable implications on the design and implementation of this study.Trial registration The trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov 6 September 2019 (reg no: NCT04078633)

scholarly journals A pilot study of the effect of improved hygiene kits on handwashing with soap among internally displaced persons in Ethiopia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Hasund Thorseth ◽  
Tom Heath ◽  
Andualem Sisay ◽  
Mare Hamo ◽  
Sian White
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Formative Assessments ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Distribution Behaviour ◽  
Handwashing With Soap

Abstract Background Internally displaced persons (IDPs) forced to flee from their homes due to conflict and drought are at particular risk of morbidity and mortality due to diarrhoeal diseases. Regular handwashing with soap could substantially reduce the risk of these infections, but the behaviour is challenging to practice routinely while living in resource-poor, informal settlements. To mitigate these challenges, humanitarian aid organisations distribute hygiene kits including soap and handwashing infrastructure. Our study aimed to assess the effect of improved kits on handwashing behaviours among IDPs in Moyale, Ethiopia. Methods The pilot study evaluated three interventions separately; liquid soap, a good quality scented bar soap and a mirror as additions to a regular hygiene kit. The kit was distributed to all study groups, with 3 of the study groups receiving one of the interventions each. Three to six weeks after distribution, behaviour change was assessed through structured observations, surveys and focus group discussions. Results Handwashing with soap was rare at key times both in all study groups. In the group that received liquid soap, handwashing with soap was seen at 20% of key times. In the control arm this was 17%, while in the two other intervention arms prevalence was <11%. Both quantitative and qualitative data collection indicated that liquid soap encourages handwashing with soap at key times. The good quality scented bar soap and mirror were not found to have an observed effect on behaviour but were viewed as desirable by participants who also reported that the standard bar soap distributed in hygiene kits was not nice to use. Conclusion This study was to our knowledge the first randomised intervention study on handwashing among IDPs living in a non-camp setting. The study shows that improved kits have potential to make handwashing more desirable and easier to practice, and further research including formative assessments prior to the design of hygiene kits should be conducted to ensure maximal uptake. The challenges of doing research in conflict-affected regions had considerable implications on the design and implementation of this study.Trial registration The trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov 6 September 2019 (reg no: NCT04078633)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document