scholarly journals Homely prepared carbon-based Fe-doped catalysts for electro-fenton degradation of azo dyes

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
Sladjana Savic ◽  
Goran Roglic ◽  
Vyacheslav Avdin ◽  
Dmitry Zherebtsov ◽  
Dalibor Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
H2o2 Concentration ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Environmental Application ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Density Graphite ◽  
Scanning Electron

Compounds used in the fashion industry affect the water bodies in the vicinity of textile factories, resulting in the visible coloration of surface water. Fe-doped graphite-based homely prepared electrodes were involved in Reactive Blue 52 (RB52) Fenton-like degradation. The electrodes consisted of high-density graphite in three granulation sizes and three levels of Fe content were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The amount of Fe in electrodes and H2O2 concentration in synthetic textile wastewater were optimized. Additionally, the size of graphite grains was varied to investigate whether it affects the degradation rate. Under only 10 minutes of electro-Fenton degradation, a system with 10 mmol dm-3 of H2O2 and an electrode made of 7 % of Fe and 70 ?m of granulation size of graphite, degraded over 75 % of RB52, and over 99 % after 40 minutes of treatment. Obtained results indicate that the proposed approach can be beneficial in the field of novel materials for environmental application and that homely prepared carbon can be an excellent replacement for commercially available supports.

Study on the Element Composition of Southern Celadon Porcelain and Coloring Mechanism

2014 ◽  
Vol 484-485 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
Xue Wen Gao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Element Composition ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Experimental Sample ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Firing System ◽  
Pink Coloration ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper mainly discusses the Si/Al molar ratio, RO/R2O molar ratio, Fe content, glazing and firing system on the thickness of Longquan Celadon pink coloring effects, and using a colorimeter, field emission scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze better experimental sample microstructure and color and so on. We explored the Longquan Celadon of pink coloration mechanism.

Higher Photocatalytic Activity of P-Incorporated TiO2 Nanotube Arrays

2015 ◽  
Vol 1087 ◽  
pp. 452-456
Author(s):  
Khairul Arifah Saharudin ◽  
Srimala Sreekantan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

TiO2 nanotubes arrays were prepared by anodization of Ti in EG containing H3PO4 and NH4F electrolyte. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and photoluminescence spectra (PL). The as-anodized TiO2 nanotubes were annealed in inert (argon), reducing (nitrogen), or oxidizing (oxygen) atmosphere at 400 °C for 4 hr. XRD analysis revealed that the TiO2 nanotubes were anatase after annealing. In this study, the TiO2 nanotubes annealed in argon exhibited the highest degradation rate of methyl orange (MO) solution under ultraviolet irradiation among the samples. The degradation rate was approximately 98% after 5h, which may be ascribed to the large amount of oxygen vacancies and defects (phosphorus) within the Ar - TiO2 sample that simultaneously increased the degradation rate of MO.

Synthesis and Activity of Ag-Doped Bi2WO6 Photocatalysts

2013 ◽  
Vol 743-744 ◽  
pp. 560-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Chen ◽  
Chao Hao Hu ◽  
Shuai Wei ◽  
Jin Hong Xia ◽  
Jian Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Dopant Concentration ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composite Photocatalysts ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ag-doped Bi2WO6 photocatalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal method using from Bi (NO)3·5H2O, NH4VO3, and AgNO3 and further characterized by X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDS) and UV-Vis diffusion reflectance spectra techniques. The photocatalytic activity of Ag-doped Bi2WO6 photocatalysts was evaluated by degrading RhB (10 mg/L) under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). The results showed that in comparison with pure Bi2WO6 the photocatalytic activity of Ag-doped composite photocatalysts was improved significantly, and the degradation rate of RhB was increased about 26% when the Ag+ dopant concentration was 15%.

Pathogenesis of Human Hair Defects

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
P.S. Porter ◽  
T. Aoyagi ◽  
R. Matta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using standard techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), over 1000 human hair defects have been studied. In several of the defects, the pathogenesis of the abnormality has been clarified using these techniques. It is the purpose of this paper to present several distinct morphologic abnormalities of hair and to discuss their pathogenesis as elucidated through techniques of scanning electron microscopy.

Ultrastructural Analysis of the Salivary Glands of Gromphadorhina Portentosa (Schaum)

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
P.J. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Gromphadorhina Portentosa ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Topographical Relief

The structure of insect salivary glands has been extensively investigated during the past decade; however, none have attempted scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in ultrastructural examinations of these secretory organs. This study correlates fine structure by means of SEM cryofractography with that of thin-sectioned epoxy embedded material observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Salivary glands of Gromphadorhina portentosa were excised and immediately submerged in cold (4°C) paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative1 for 2 hr, washed and post-fixed in 1 per cent 0s04 in phosphosphate buffer (4°C for 2 hr). After ethanolic dehydration half of the samples were embedded in Epon 812 for TEM and half cryofractured and subsequently critical point dried for SEM. Dried specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with approximately 150 Å of gold in a cold sputtering apparatus.Figure 1 shows a cryofractured plane through a salivary acinus revealing topographical relief of secretory vesicles.

Two- or three-way observations of the identical cell elements within the same sections by LM, TEM and/or SEM

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakazo Watari ◽  
Yasuaki Hotta ◽  
Yoshio Mabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Identical Cell ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

It is very useful if we can observe the identical cell elements within the same sections by light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and/or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) sequentially, because, the cell fine structure can not be indicated by LM, while the color is; on the other hand, the cell fine structure can be very easily observed by EM, although its color properties may not. However, there is one problem in that LM requires thick sections of over 1 μm, while EM needs very thin sections of under 100 nm. Recently, we have developed a new method to observe the same cell elements within the same plastic sections using both light and transmission (conventional or high-voltage) electron microscopes.In this paper, we have developed two new observation methods for the identical cell elements within the same sections, both plastic-embedded and paraffin-embedded, using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and/or scanning electron microscopy (Fig. 1).

Spontaneous Cataract in Nude Athymic Mice

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 512-513
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Bradley ◽  
R. S. Berk ◽  
L. D. Hazlett
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nude Mouse ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Athymic Mice ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Mouse Lens ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nude mouse is a hairless mutant (homozygous for the mutation nude, nu/nu), which is born lacking a thymus and possesses a severe defect in cellular immunity. Spontaneous unilateral cataractous lesions were noted (during ocular examination using a stereomicroscope at 40X) in 14 of a series of 60 animals (20%). This transmission and scanning microscopic study characterizes the morphology of this cataract and contrasts these data with normal nude mouse lens.All animals were sacrificed by an ether overdose. Eyes were enucleated and immersed in a mixed fixative (1% osmium tetroxide and 6% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 0-4°C) for 3 hours, dehydrated in graded ethanols and embedded in Epon-Araldite for transmission microscopy. Specimens for scanning electron microscopy were fixed similarly, dehydrated in graded ethanols, then to graded changes of Freon 113 and ethanol to 100% Freon 113 and critically point dried in a Bomar critical point dryer using Freon 13 as the transition fluid.

Scanning and Transmission Microscopy of Nematocyst Batteries in Epitheliomuscular Cells of Hydra

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 410-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A. Westfall ◽  
S. Yamataka ◽  
Paul D. Enos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides three dimensional details of external surface structures and supplements ultrastructural information provided by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Animals composed of watery jellylike tissues such as hydras and other coelenterates have not been considered suitable for SEM studies because of the difficulty in preserving such organisms in a normal state. This study demonstrates 1) the successful use of SEM on such tissue, and 2) the unique arrangement of batteries of nematocysts within large epitheliomuscular cells on tentacles of Hydra littoralis.Whole specimens of Hydra were prepared for SEM (Figs. 1 and 2) by the fix, freeze-dry, coat technique of Small and Màrszalek. The specimens were fixed in osmium tetroxide and mercuric chloride, freeze-dried in vacuo on a prechilled 1 Kg brass block, and coated with gold-palladium. Tissues for TEM (Figs. 3 and 4) were fixed in glutaraldehyde followed by osmium tetroxide. Scanning micrographs were taken on a Cambridge Stereoscan Mark II A microscope at 10 KV and transmission micrographs were taken on an RCA EMU 3G microscope (Fig. 3) or on a Hitachi HU 11B microscope (Fig. 4).

Microbulldozing and Microchiseling

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
J.N. Ramsey ◽  
D.P. Cameron ◽  
F.W. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Foreign Matter ◽  
Specific Location ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Knoop Indenter ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Microhardness Tester

As computer components become smaller the analytical methods used to examine them and the material handling techniques must become more sensitive, and more sophisticated. We have used microbulldozing and microchiseling in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy, replica electron microscopy, and microprobe analysis for studying actual and potential problems with developmental and pilot line devices. Foreign matter, corrosion, etc, in specific locations are mechanically loosened from their substrates and removed by “extraction replication,” and examined in the appropriate instrument. The mechanical loosening is done in a controlled manner by using a microhardness tester—we use the attachment designed for our Reichert metallograph. The working tool is a pyramid shaped diamond (a Knoop indenter) which can be pushed into the specimen with a controlled pressure and in a specific location.

A New Image Processing Technique for STEM

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 432-433
Author(s):  
Yasushi Kokubo ◽  
Hirotami Koike ◽  
Teruo Someya
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Image Processing Technique ◽  
Energy Analyzer ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron

One of the advantages of scanning electron microscopy is the capability for processing the image contrast, i.e., the image processing technique. Crewe et al were the first to apply this technique to a field emission scanning microscope and show images of individual atoms. They obtained a contrast which depended exclusively on the atomic numbers of specimen elements (Zcontrast), by displaying the images treated with the intensity ratio of elastically scattered to inelastically scattered electrons. The elastic scattering electrons were extracted by a solid detector and inelastic scattering electrons by an energy analyzer. We noted, however, that there is a possibility of the same contrast being obtained only by using an annular-type solid detector consisting of multiple concentric detector elements.

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