scholarly journals Multiple organ procurement

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 339-342
Author(s):  
Milivoje Vukovic ◽  
Nebojsa Moljevic ◽  
Zoran Milosevic ◽  
Nenad Katanic ◽  
Dragan Krivokuca
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Cadaveric Donors ◽  
The Ideal

Introduction. Liver transplantation is the most demanding of all solid organ transplantations. It requires perfect organization and motivation of health care professionals, patients and their families. This article deals with the procedure for multiple organ procurement, reviews criteria for organ donation and describes the surgical technique for multiple organ procurement. Discussion. Adequate selection and evaluation of cadaveric donors and of organs for transplantation should include early identification of potential donors, and early diagnosis of brain death. The procurement of the highest number of viable organs for transplantation requires excellence in each of the phases. Early and aggressive physiologic support in the maintenance of potential donors can reduce organ donor loss due to irreversible asystole or multiorgan failure (it is almost always possible to maintain organ perfusion pressure) and increase the number of organs without increasing post-transplant morbidity or mortality. The ideal donor is a young, previously healthy, brain dead, victim of an accident. Conclusion. The surgical procedure for multiple organ procurement from brain death donors must be performed without intraopertive organ damage. .

THE BIOPHILOSOPHICAL BASIS OF WHOLE-BRAIN DEATH

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Bernat
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Whole Brain Death ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Biological Representation

Notwithstanding these wise pronouncements, my project here is to characterize the biological phenomenon of death of the higher animal species, such as vertebrates. My claim is that the formulation of “whole-brain death” provides the most congruent map for our correct understanding of the concept of death. This essay builds upon the foundation my colleagues and I have laid since 1981 to characterize the concept of death and refine when this event occurs. Although our society's well-accepted program of multiple organ procurement for transplantation requires the organ donor first to be dead, the concept of brain death is not merely a social contrivance to permit us to obtain the benefits of organ procurement. Rather, the concept of whole-brain death stands independently as the most accurate biological representation of the demise of the human organism.

scholarly journals Organ Donation: from Point of View of Students Doing Medical Internship in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Vaishaly K. Bharambe ◽  
Vasanti U. Arole ◽  
Vatsalaswamy Puranam ◽  
Purushottam Manvikar ◽  
Hetal K. Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Donation Activity

Abstract Introduction. To study the knowledge and attitude of a medical student doing internship with regards to organ donation. Methods. A total of 50 specially designed questionnaires were distributed among medical students doing internship at a medical college. Those who gave their consent to participate in the study were asked to fill out the questionnaire. Results. 86% gave their consent to participate in the study. 100% were aware of the concept of organ donation. 68% had obtained this knowledge from newspapers. 4% had obtained knowledge from the Medical College. 48%, 48% and 34% believed that an organ donor was live, brain dead and cardiac dead, respectively. Awareness regarding kidney, eye, liver, heart and skin donation was found to be 82%, 80%, 80%, 62% and 64%, respectively. 54% were aware of Law pertaining to organ donation. 90% were either positive or willing to consider organ donation themselves. 10% felt that the donated organ might be misused. Conclusion. Health care professionals are the first to establish relationship with the potential donor’s family and are a crucial link in the organ procurement process. Their attitude and level of knowledge regarding organ donation would reflect directly on the organ donation activity of any region. The interns in the present study had positive attitude towards organ donation but were lacking in knowledge about some key aspects such as brain death and legality involved in organ donation. Majority of the medical professionals had obtained their knowledge from newspapers and very few were taught about organ donation in the medical college. If education on organ donation and its various aspects was included in medical curriculum, it could empower the future medical care professionals with knowledge to further study the cause of organ donation and serve the society better.

Organ Donation, Brain Death and the Family: Valid Informed Consent

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana S. Iltis
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Organ Procurement Organization ◽  
The Family ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Brain Dead

In July 2013, parents in Ohio objected to their 21-year-old son becoming an organ donor. Elijah Smith was involved in an accident and pronounced dead using neurological criteria. The organ procurement organization (OPO) went to court and argued that because the young man was brain dead and because his driver's license indicated that he wished to be a donor, the court should allow them to use his organs. The mother argued that her son did not understand what he was signing when he signed his license and that his signature did not reflect an informed decision. The court disagreed with her, saying that he had indicated a wish to donate his organs and that no one but Elijah could revoke that wish. His organs were removed.Elijah's mother suspected that he did not understand what he was signing. She might have been right, given what we know about the process for obtaining permission for organ donation and the limited public understanding of brain death.

Explaining Brain Death: A Critical Feature of the Donation Process

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly G Franz ◽  
William DeJong ◽  
Susan M Wolfe ◽  
Howard Nathan ◽  
Denise Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Critical Feature ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Donation Process

To examine how a family's understanding of brain death may affect the decision to donate, an interview study was conducted with the immediate next of kin of 164 medically suitable organ donor candidates. Telephone interviews were conducted with members of both donor and nondonor families 4 to 6 months after the relative's death. Only 61% of the donor and 53% of the nondonor respondents said they had received an explanation of brain death. Few respondents reported that the hospital or organ procurement organization staff used visual aids to clarify or reinforce the information they were given. Next of kin who decided against donation had far less understanding of brain death than did those who decided in favor of it. Before making an organ donation request, healthcare providers must inquire about and address common misunderstandings people have about brain death. Healthcare teams should develop and be trained on a clear protocol for communicating with the families of patients who may be potential organ donors.

The Impact of Intoxication on the Number of Organs Available for Transplantation after Brain Death

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-420
Author(s):  
Pantelis Hadjizacharia ◽  
Ali Salim ◽  
Joseph Dubose ◽  
Angela Mascarenhas ◽  
Daniel R. Margulies
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Head Injured ◽  
Level I ◽  
The Impact

A significant number of head-injured trauma patients are likely to present with a positive toxicology. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether intoxication with substances such as cocaine, amphetamine, alcohol, and opiates on admission has any influence on the number of organs that are recovered after brain death in these patients. We conducted a retrospective review of all organ donor patients admitted to a Level I trauma center over a 4-year period (2002 to 2005). Patients with positive toxicology screens on admission were compared to counterparts with negative screens with regard to the number of organs harvested. There were 90 organ donor patients during the 4-year period. There were 63 (70%) patients to negative toxicology screens. The remaining 27 (30%) were found to be intoxicated with a variety of substances, including alcohol (18%), cocaine (4%), amphetamines (9%), benzodiazepines (4%), opiates (4%), and poly-substances (10%). A comparison of total organs and individual organs donated by both intoxicated and nonintoxicated patients showed no overall statistical difference in the number or type of organs donated between the two groups. Thus, the prospect of organ procurement should not be overlooked in intoxicated patients.

scholarly journals Organų donoro priežiūra intensyviosios terapijos skyriuje

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Viktorija Černiauskienė ◽  
Monika Čiplytė ◽  
Saulius Vosylius
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Organ Donations ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Organ Donor Management

Viktorija Černiauskienė, Monika Čiplytė, Saulius VosyliusVilniaus universiteto Anesteziologijos ir reanimatologijos klinika, Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-04130 VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslasDonorinių organų poreikis gerokai viršija atliktų organų transplantacijų skaičių. Dažniausios priežastys, dėl kurių potencialūs donorai netampa efektyviais donorais, yra donoro artimųjų prieštaravimas donorystei, medicininės kontraindikacijos, logistikos problemos, neadekvatus potencialių donorų gydymas iki eksplantacijos operacijos. Šio straipsnio tikslas yra apžvelgti naujausius medicinos mokslo laimėjimus atliekant potencialių organų donorų priežiūrą reanimacijos ir intensyviosios terapijos skyriuose. Metodai ir rezultataiIšliekant žymiam atotrūkiui tarp organų pasiūlos ir poreikio, būtina kuo efektyviau panaudoti esamus resursus, daugiau dėmesio skiriant tinkamai potencialaus organų donoro intensyviajai terapijai. Dėl smegenų mirties įvyksta sunkūs daugelio organizmui svarbių funkcijų sutrikimai: kraujotakos ir kvėpavimo sistemų, endokrininiai, elektrolitų balanso sutrikimai, hipotermija, koagulopatija ir intensyvus sisteminis uždegimo atsakas. IšvadosPasirinkta tinkama intensyviosios terapijos taktika galėtų padidinti transplantacijai tinkamų organų skaičių, išlaikyti geresnę jų funkciją po transplantacijos. Reikšminiai žodžiai: smegenų mirtis, intensyviosios terapijos skyriai, audinių ir organų donorystė, gairės Organ donor management in the intensive care unit Viktorija Černiauskienė, Monika Čiplytė, Saulius VosyliusClinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Vilnius University,Šiltnamių Str. 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Background / objectiveThe demand for donor organs greatly exceeds the number of transplantations. Many reasons may determine this inadequacy, such as family refusal, medical contraindications, logistics problems and inadequate management of the organ donor. The aim of the study was to present the recent achievements of medical practice in the management of organ donors in intensive care units. Methods and resultsWhile the discrepancy between the number of organ donations and transplantations persists, it is essential to use available resources more effectively, paying more attention to the intensive care management of the organ donor. Many physiological changes follow after brain death, such as cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction, endocrine and homeostasis disturbances, hypothermia, coagulopathy and an enhanced inflammatory response. ConclusionsOptimal intensive care could increase the number of organs available for transplantation and improve their function after it. Keywords: brain death, intensive care units, tissue and organ procurement, guidelines as topic

The Patients Save Lives Program to Facilitate Organ Donor Designation in Primary Care Offices

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard B. Degenholtz ◽  
Kathleen Creppage ◽  
Damian DaCosta ◽  
Alexandra Drozd ◽  
Misty Enos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Difficult Time

Background: There are about 120 000 people on the US waiting list for a solid organ transplant; nearly 22 people die every day who could be helped through organ donation. Joining a donor registry and informing one’s family of one’s preferences increases recovery rates and can avoid misunderstandings during an emotionally difficult time. Although the vast majority of people support organ donation, only about half of adults have joined a state donor registry. Methods. A 3-group design was used. Primary care physician offices were randomly assigned to either web-based training, in-person training, or a control condition. The control condition consisted of a poster and traditional brochure and donor form placed in the waiting room. In the 2 intervention groups, the Patients Save Lives form was distributed during the check-in process in addition to the poster. Results: A total of 1521 physicians and office staff at 81 clinic sites (48 in-person and 33 web-based) received the training; there were 33 control locations. A total of 21 189 patients were exposed to the intervention over a 6-month period; 761 (8.1%) of 9428 people who were not already registered completed the designation form to be organ donors. There were no donor designations in the control group locations. Conclusion: Organ donor designation can be incorporated into the office check-in procedure without disrupting the workflow or burdening clinicians. The program is available online and can be sustained inexpensively with cooperation between primary care offices and regional Organ Procurement Organizations.

scholarly journals A method for estimating solid organ donor potential by organ procurement region.

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 1645-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
C L Christiansen ◽  
S L Gortmaker ◽  
J M Williams ◽  
C L Beasley ◽  
L E Brigham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Solid Organ

Brain death: Epidemiology and quality control of solid organ donor generation

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1641-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mizraji ◽  
S. Pérez ◽  
I. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Solid Organ

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Organ Donation among Medical Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishaly K. Bharambe ◽  
Hetal Rathod ◽  
Kalpana Angadi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
High Level

AbstractIntroduction. All over the world people on organ transplant waiting lists die due to shortage of donor organs. The success of organ donation program needs education of the population regarding organ donation for which healthcare professionals are most suitable. The present study was taken up to assess the knowledge and attitude of 1st, 2ndand 3rdyear medical students about organ donation. Methods. A specially designed self-administered questionnaire was distributed amongst all willing 1st, 2nd and 3rdyear medical students at our Medical College and later analyzed statistically. Results. A total of 157, 145 and 92 students from each year of medical education respectively gave their consent for participation in the study. Awareness regarding organ donation was found to be 98.7-100%, 69.4% claimed television as their source of information regarding organ donation and 46.7% stated that it is possible for patient to recover from brain death. The awareness regarding eye, liver, heart and kidney donations was found to be 92.4%, 87%, 87% and 97.8%, respectively. 87% of medical students were aware of need for legal supervision, and awareness regarding the existing laws was found to be 57.6%. Conclusion. Medical students had a high level of awareness and a positive attitude towards organ donation. However, knowledge regarding “brain-death”, organs and tissues donated, legislation and ethical issues was poor. A teaching intervention designed to specifically address these issues could help increase the confidence of the health-care professionals and may result finally in increased organ procurement rates.

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