scholarly journals Immunized pregnant woman with rare Rh fenotype: Case report

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Zorana Budakov ◽  
Natasa Milosavljevic-Knezevic ◽  
Jasmina Grujic ◽  
Mirjana Krga-Milanovic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group System ◽  
Transfusion Medicine ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Compatible Blood

Introduction. Rh blood group system is one of the most polymorphic systems of human blood and consists of 50 antigens. Antigen D is the most important antigen in the Rh system and next to ABO, is the most clinically significant in transfusion medicine. The aim of this paper was to present a case of a rare Rh phenotype ccDEE in an immunized pregnant woman, whose fourth pregnancy ended with birth of a female newborn infant with hemolytic disease of the lower level. Case report. The history of a 42-year-old pregnant woman stated that she had had four pregnancies. She was transfused with 1500 ml of whole blood, three units of packed red cells and two units of fresh frozen plasma. Due to her high-risk pregnancy she was referred to the Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Novi Sad. Blood sample was tested in the Department of Prenatal Care of the Institute for Blood Transfusion Vojvodina. ABO and Rh were tested, antibody screening was done by indirect antiglobulin test and the detected antibodies were identified by gel technology. The results of testing were: O RhD positive, Rh phenotype ccDEE, positive screening for red blood cells antibodies by indirect antiglobulin test, alo anti-e antibody. According to the literature data, it is a very rare Rh phenotype whose incidence in the population ranges from 0.34% to 1.99%. The compatible blood products for the patient and her newborn were searched for on the basis of the immunoserology tests. Conclusion. Two major problems within transfusion medicine have emerged in our case: the problem of immunization of pregnant woman with a rare blood type and the problem of finding compatible blood. Health care of pregnant women can be improved by following pregnancies according to the national antenatal testing algorithm and better teamwork of gynecologists and transfusions.

A case study of a patient with anti-Yta alloantibodies against the high-prevalence antigen of red blood cells qualified for heart transplantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Monika Witoszek ◽  
Małgorzata Kalaga
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Blood Group System ◽  
Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Compatible Blood

The Yta antigen from the Cartwright blood group system is a high-prevalence antigen found in 99.8% of the population. The literature data shows that antibodies anti-Yta demonstrate the variable clinical significance and are rarely the cause of a hemolytic post-transfusion reaction. The study aims to present the difficulties related to the selection and sustainable supply of blood for transfusion for the patient of the Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases with anti-Yta alloantibodies, qualified for a heart transplant. If Yt(a-) blood is not available Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine in Warsaw, referring to reports in the publications, allowed transfusion of the least incompatible red blood cells in indirect antiglobulin test. One hour after transfusion of leucocyte-depleted concentrate of red blood cells (RBCs), issued in accordance with the above recommendations by Regional Blood Donation Center in Katowice as the least incompatible, the patient was observed to experience symptoms of an adverse post-transfusion reaction. For subsequent transfusions, RBCs from Yt(a-) donors were selected, of which only eight were registered in Poland at that time. Medical decisions on RBCs transfusion in patients for whom no compatible blood can be selected is very difficult, and the benefits of incompatible transfusion should be weighed against the risk of possible complications. To avoid this, it should be remembered that the early identification of antibodies increases the chance of finding serologically compatible blood and in many cases allows to supply blood for a patient with autologous donations.

scholarly journals Unknown pregnancy: Presentation of the case

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 728-730
Author(s):  
Momcilo Djordjevic ◽  
Bozidar Jovanovic ◽  
Gordana Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Great Risk ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Home Conditions

Introduction. There are two kinds of unknown pregnancies. A denied, unknown pregnancy, graviditatas ignota, when the pregnant woman unconsciously denies the existence of the pregnancy. Contrary to the denied pregnancy there is a hidden pregnancy, a concealed pregnancy in women who know they are pregnant but actively hide their pregnancy from the family, partner, friends, teachers, colleagues, etc. The prevalence of an unknown pregnancy during the first 20 gestation weeks is 1 in 475 pregnancies, in the second half of pregnancy it is 1 in 2455 pregnancies and at the moment of delivery it is 1 in 7225. Case report. A 40-year-old woman was transported by an ambulance and admitted to Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic in Kragujevac after the delivery in home conditions and this patient found out about her pregnancy at the moment of delivery. Discussion This case presents a classical example of a denied pregnancy. The reasons are probably at all levels, physiological, psychological and social. The patient was 40 years old, with two children aged 17 and 15 and irregular periods. Denied pregnancies present a multidisciplinary problem, which requires work of different specialties and services and this interferes with family and social life. Conclusion. The denied pregnancy should always be taken into consideration in case of irregular periods, especially in perimenopause. Patients in perimenopause should have regular medical examination by their gyneocolgists, at least once in six months and the delivery outside hospital conditions that bears a great risk should be avoided at any rate.

scholarly journals PRESENTATION OF PARTIALLY NEGATIVE INDIRECT ANTIGLOBULIN TEST WITHOUT ENHANCING REAGENTS IN A PREGNANT WOMAN CARRYING ANTI-IgM PLUS ANTI-IgG TYPE ANTI-M

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Yamada ◽  
Naotomo Yamada ◽  
Yasushi Kubota ◽  
Shinya Kimura ◽  
Takanori Higashitani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Antiglobulin Test

Blood Donation During Pregnancy Due to Anti-Ku Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-425
Author(s):  
Mrigender Virk ◽  
Kathy Papakonstantino ◽  
Wei Cai ◽  
David Oh ◽  
Jennifer Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Blood Group System ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Delayed Cord Clamping ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Compatible Blood ◽  
First Time

AbstractBackgroundManagement of pregnancy in patients with Kell-null phenotype can be challenging. The immune systems of these patients form an antibody that is universally reactive against the Kell Blood Group System and can cause hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn.MethodsA 29-year-old woman, pregnant for the first time, developed anti-D and anti-Ku. The mother had to have labor induced when her fetus showed signs of severe anemia, but no compatible blood was available for transfusion. The induction was delayed so that a unit of blood could be collected from the mother.ResultsDue to delayed cord clamping at delivery, the newborn did not have anemia and did not require a transfusion. The remaining blood was frozen for future needs.ConclusionBlood donation by a pregnant woman for potential transfusion to a newborn with anemia is safe for the mother and fetus, and is possibly the only option in hemolytic disease of the newborn due to a rare antibody.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization for Incompatible Cross-Match Cases in the Feline AB Blood Group System

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Uno ◽  
Masami Yaguchi ◽  
Tasuku Kobayashi ◽  
Eri Onozawa ◽  
Kazuhiko Ochiai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group System ◽  
Transfusion Medicine ◽  
Type B ◽  
Blood Typing ◽  
Group System ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Incompatible Cross ◽  
Cross Matching

The feline AB blood group system (blood types A, B, and AB) encoding the cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) gene is the most significant in transfusion medicine and hemolysis of the newborn for cats. Blood typing and cross-matching in pre-transfusion testing are crucial to determining blood compatibility and thus prevent hemolytic transfusion reactions. We here performed serological and genetic investigations to characterize blood samples from cats with discordant results for card agglutination (CARD) and the alloantibody agglutination test for blood typing in two cats (subjects K and R). Subject K showed incompatible cross-matching in pre-transfusion testing. Red blood cells from subjects K and R determined blood type B from the CARD method showed blood type AB by alloanti-A and alloanti-B antibodies in agglutination testing. Genomic DNA sequencing of the coding region (exons 1a to 14) for the cat CMAH gene showed that subject K had four mutations with heterozygosity at c.139C>T, c.179G>T, c.327A>C, and c.364C>T. Similarly, the CMAH gene of subject R carried six mutations with heterozygosity at c.142G>A, c.187A>G, c.268T>A, c.327A>C, c.773G>A and c.1603G>A, representing a new diplotype including a novel synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 7 (c.773 G>A: Arg258Gln). The CMAH diplotype in subjects K and R was different from major diplotype in blood type B cats. This study is the first to report CMAH variants in cats with discordant blood types between CARD and TUBE methods. These results could assist in the classification of feline AB blood types for transfusion medicine to avoid blood incompatibilities.

scholarly journals Rho(D) Immune Globulin (anti-D) Concentration-Time Curve After Antenatal Immunoprophylaxis in RhD-Negative Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia Rabelo e Silva ◽  
Flávia Leite Souza Santos ◽  
Silvana Maria Quintana ◽  
Ricardo Carvalho Cavalli ◽  
Alessandra Cristina Marcolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Antiglobulin Test

Abstract Objectives: To assess anti-D concentration through maternal indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) titers and scores after RhD-negative pregnant women receive antenatal anti-D until delivery. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Twenty-seven RhD-negative pregnant women were evaluated after receiving a prenatal anti-D dose around 28th week of pregnancy. Serial blood samples were collected at 3, 7, 21, 42, 63 and 84 days after anti-D administration. We performed IAT by conventional tube test (CTT) and gel microcolumn assay (GMA) to assess anti-D scores and titers. Statistical analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software. Results: Anti-D had maximum scores values ​around 7 days after its administration, and scores were higher in GMA than CTT for all patients. Anti-D was detected at delivery in 59% of the participants by IAT performed in GMA. Overweight and obese pregnant women may present lower concentrations of anti-D. No correlation was found between maximum scores when comparing them with these variables: newborn RhD blood type; maternal-fetal ABO incompatibility and the number of pregnancies. Conclusions: Administering 300 μg of anti-D in 28th week of pregnancy should be compared in studies analyzing perinatal outcomes, since anti-D was not detectable in 41% of patients, suggesting a significant period without prophylaxis.

scholarly journals Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia in pregnancy: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Nevenka Bujandric ◽  
Jasmina Grujic ◽  
Zorana Budakov-Obradovic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Direct Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Positive Direct

Introduction. Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia is the presence of warm autoantibodies against red blood cell with or without complement activation. The presence of warm autoantibodies on the red blood cells is detected by direct antiglobulin test with polyspecific and immunoglobulin G reagents. Antibodies removed from the red blood cells tested by indirect antiglobulin test show panagglutination with a panel of red blood cells. Case Report. We report a rare case of idiopathic warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a 26-year-old woman in the early pregnancy. Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia was mild, so during monitoring the risk to the fetus was assessed as low. The fetal status was assessed every four weeks. The noninvasive Doppler examination of the fetal middle cerebral artery revealed no fetal anemia. The last control before childbirth was done in the 38 week of pregnancy and the fetal direct antiglobulin test was 4+ and indirect antiglobulin test was 2+. The newborn presented with warm autoantibody immunoglobulin G, and positive direct antiglobulin test (3+). The infant was breastfed for nine months after birth. The direct antiglobulin tests were positive (3+) in both mother and child over the following 12 months. Conclusion. In case of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, the main purpose is to stop hemolysis and correct anemia in pregnant women, but it is also necessary to monitor the fetal condition in order to detect fetal hemolytic anemia as early as possible.

Small Cell Carcinoma Manifesting as a Bulky Thoracic Mass in a Pregnant Woman: A Case Report

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
In Jae Lee ◽  
Kwang Seok Eom ◽  
Seon Young Jeon ◽  
Im Kyung Hwang ◽  
Yul Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell

scholarly journals Cervical Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report of a Rare Gynecological Tumor from Embryological Remains of the Female Genital Tract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Reis-de-Carvalho ◽  
Carolina Vaz-de-Macedo ◽  
Santiago Ortiz ◽  
Anabela Colaço ◽  
Carlos Calhaz-Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Gynecological Tumor ◽  
Cervical Adenocarcinomas ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract Introduction Malignant mesonephric tumors are uncommon in the female genital tract, and they are usually located where embryonic remnants of Wolffian ducts are detected, such as the uterine cervix. The information about these tumors, their treatment protocol, and prognosis are scarce. Case report A 60-year-old woman with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding was initially diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma. After suspicion co-testing, the patient underwent a loop electrosurgical excision of the cervix and was eventually diagnosed with mesonephric adenocarcinoma. She was subjected to a radical hysterectomy, which revealed International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) IB1 stage, and adjuvant radiotherapy. The follow-up showed no evidence of recurrence after 60 months. Conclusion We present the case of a woman with cervical mesonephric adenocarcinoma. When compared with the literature, this case had the longest clinical follow-up without evidence of recurrence, which reinforces the concept that these tumors are associated with a favorable prognosis if managed according to the guidelines defined for the treatment of patients with cervical adenocarcinomas. Though a rare entity, it should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis for other cervical cancers.

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