scholarly journals The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: Hexaco profiles affect coping mechanisms and adaptability of response

Psihologija ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Vesna Gojkovic ◽  
Sanja Batic-Ocovaj ◽  
Jelena Dostanic ◽  
Marija Djuric
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Specific Choice ◽  
Problem Solving Strategies ◽  
Adaptive Resilience ◽  
Person Centered Approach ◽  
High Emotionality

Our primary objective was to investigate whether HEXACO personality profiles predict different coping strategies during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. We chose a person-centered approach as it enabled visibility of personal structures differentiating between adaptive and maladaptive coping in a nonclinical sample. Latent profile analysis identified three distinct personality profiles, each profile complemented by its specific choice of coping strategies. The Resilient (conscientious extroverts) used strategies focused on the stressor (Problem-focused, Emotion-focused coping, and Humor); the Undercontrolled (conscienceless) turned to Avoidance of problem-solving strategies; the Overcontrolled (emotionally reactive and conscientious introverts) avoided Humor and handling of their own emotions. Combination of Conscientiousness scores differentiated between adaptive and maladaptive resilience. However, high Emotionality in conjunction with Introversion and high Conscientiousness produced both vulnerability and maladaptation. Absence of Avoidance is the paramount feature of adaptive resilience. Thus, personality related variance in stress response is mostly determined by traits responsible for control, proactivity, and affectivity.

Living a Calling and Work–Family Interface: A Latent Profile Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 106907272110067
Author(s):  
Chunyu Zhang ◽  
Bryan J. Dik ◽  
Zengyun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Work Conflict ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Person Centered Approach ◽  
Latent Profile ◽  
Family Enrichment

The positive outcomes of calling have been examined in a large and growing number of studies, yet little is known about how calling relates to the work-family interface. In this study, we adopted a person-centered approach using latent profile analysis to explore how living a calling relates to different work-family interface profiles. With a sample of 267 Chinese university counselors, we found three work-family interface profiles: slightly conflictual (51%), experiencing slightly higher than average levels of work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC) and slightly lower than average levels of work-to-family enrichment (WFE) and family-to-work enrichment (FWE); work-to-family conflictual (15%), with higher levels of WFC and lower levels of FWC, WFE, and FWE; and enriched (34%), indicated by higher levels of WFE and FWE and lower levels of WFC and FWC. The results revealed that the greater the extent to which participants were living their calling, the more likely they were to be classified into the enriched profile. Our findings contribute to the literature on calling by offering person-centered insights on the relation between calling and the work-family interface.

Career Goal Profiles of Early Career Scientists: A Person-Centered Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532110172
Author(s):  
Ruth Noppeney ◽  
Anna M. Stertz ◽  
Bettina S. Wiese
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Career Goal ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Flat Profile ◽  
Career Options ◽  
Person Centered Approach

Obtaining a doctorate offers various career options. This study takes a person-centered approach to identify interest profiles. Career goals (professorate, entrepreneur, etc.) were assessed at two time points (1-year interval) in a sample of doctoral students and doctorate holders from the STEM fields in German-speaking areas ( NT 1 = 2,077). Latent profile analysis revealed that a four-profile solution provided the best data fit: At T1, 33.0% of the participants aimed for a management position in industry, 16.9% pursued an academic career, 30.1% were interested in activities without leadership responsibilities, and 20.1% had a relatively flat career-goal profile. Latent transition analysis indicated that most changes occurred for those classified into the flat profile, while strong interest in a management career was very stable over time. Additionally, the attainment of the doctorate seemed to be a good predictor for profile membership: Doctorate holders were more likely to be clearly dedicated to an academic career.

scholarly journals Teacher Profiles of Psychological Capital and Their Relationship with Burnout

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5096 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Mar Ferradás ◽  
Carlos Freire ◽  
Alba García-Bértoa ◽  
José Carlos Núñez ◽  
Susana Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Challenging Tasks ◽  
Person Centered Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Latent Profile

This study adopts a person-centered approach to identify the possible existence of different teacher profiles of psychological capital, according to the way in which its four components combine (efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience). The study aimed to examine whether the identified profiles differed in their levels of burnout. In total, 1379 non-university teachers participated in the study. A latent profile analysis was performed using MPlus 7.11 software. Seven teaching profiles of psychological capital were identified, differing both quantitatively and qualitatively. The differences between the profiles in burnout were estimated using SPSS 26 software. Teachers with a profile of low psychological capital (i.e., low confidence of successfully completing challenging tasks—efficacy; lack of energy for establishing personal goals and working towards achieving them —hope; little tendency to make positive causal attributions and develop expectations of success—optimism; and low capacity to recover or emerge stronger from adverse situations—resilience) exhibited significantly higher levels of burnout. The lowest levels of burnout were found in the profile of high psychological capital (i.e., higher in efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience). These results suggest that teachers who can muster the four components of psychological capital are more protected against burnout.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress, Resilience, and Anxiety Among Pregnant Chinese Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Latent Profile Analysis and Mediation Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Luo ◽  
Yaqing Shen ◽  
Jiajia Yuan ◽  
Yifan Zhao ◽  
Zhengkui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
Person Centered Approach ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Stress Patterns ◽  
Latent Profile

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a major threat to pregnant women's mental health. This study aimed to characterize the patterns of perceived stress in pregnant Chinese women during the COVID-19 pandemic, to examine the profile differences on anxiety and resilience, and to investigate whether the differences in these profiles on anxiety were mediated by resilience.Methods: From February 28, 2020 to April 26, 2020, a sample of 2,116 pregnant Chinese women who participated in online crisis interventions completed an online self-reporting questionnaire assessing their demographic characteristics, perceived stress, resilience, and anxiety.Results: Latent profile analysis (LPA) on two stress dimensions [perceived helplessness (HEL) and perceived self-efficacy (SEL)] indicated four perceived stress profiles: adaptive (33.7% of the sample), resistant (44.6%), insensitive (19.1%), and sensitive (2.6%). The women with both adaptive and insensitive profiles had the lowest levels of anxiety, whereas those with the resistant profile had the lowest levels of resilience. Multicategorical mediation analysis showed that resilience partially mediated the differences in the pregnant women's anxiety between the adaptive/insensitive and resistant profile.Conclusion: This study showed the heterogeneity in the perceived stress patterns of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing the internal mechanisms of pregnant women's anxiety using a person-centered approach, and provided initial evidence guiding the development of differentiated stress interventions to alleviate pregnant women's anxiety during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Personalidad emprendedora, responsabilidad, autocontrol y grit: El lado psicológico del autoempleo

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Álvaro Postigo ◽  
Marcelino Cuesta ◽  
Eduardo García-Cueto
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Personality Variables

El enfoque psicológico en torno a la actividad emprendedora contribuye a explicar por qué las personas deciden o no emprender. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar diferentes perfiles de personalidad emprendedora, así como identificar las variables de personalidad que puedan explicar el convertirse en trabajador por cuenta propia. Empleando una muestra de 586 participantes (Medad= 39,31; DTedad= 14,66), se analizaron diferentes perfiles de personalidad emprendedora mediante técnicas de análisis de perfiles latentes. Además, se analizó si había diferencias en otras variables psicológicas en función del perfil de personalidad emprendedora. Finalmente, se estudió, mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, si la responsabilidad, el autocontrol, el grit y la personalidad emprendedora ayudan a explicar que las personas se conviertan en trabajadores por cuenta propia. Los resultados apoyan la existencia de tres perfiles latentes de personalidad emprendedora (baja, media y alta), siendo el perfil alta personalidad emprendedora el que muestra mayores puntuaciones en otras variables psicológicas, así como mayor proporción de trabajadores por cuenta propia. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales planteado explica un 2,6% de la varianza de la variable ser trabajador autónomo, por lo que las variables de personalidad ayudan a explicar una pequeña parte de la actividad emprendedora. The psychological approach to entrepreneurial activity helps to explain why people decide or not to undertake. The objective of this study is to analyze different entrepreneurial personality profiles, as well as to identify the personality variables that can explain becoming a self-employer. Using a sample of 586 participants (Mage = 39.31; SDage = 14.66), different entrepreneurial personality profiles were analyzed using latent profile analysis techniques. In addition, it was analyzed whether there were differences in other psychological variables based on the entrepreneurial personality profile. Finally, it was studied, using a structural equation model, if conscientiousness, self-control, grit and entrepreneurial personality help to explain why people become self-employed. The results support the existence of three latent profiles of entrepreneurial personality (low, medium and high), being high entrepreneurial personality the one profile that shows higher scores in other psychological variables, as well as a higher proportion of self-employers. The proposed structural equation model explains 2.6% of the variance of the variable being self-employed, so the personality variables help to explain a small part of entrepreneurial activity.

scholarly journals What Type of Social Support Is Important for Student Resilience During COVID-19? A Latent Profile Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingping Mai ◽  
Yenchun Jim Wu ◽  
Yanni Huang
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
School Type ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Negative Coping

In the face of the sudden outbreak of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), some students showed resilience in coping with difficulties while some did not. While different types of students showed different levels of resilience, are there significant characteristics among students with similar levels of resilience? In this study, 3,454 students (aged 15–25 years) were surveyed to understand students' perceived social support-coping modes while investigating the demographic characteristics and mental health status of subclasses of different modes. We found that (1) in the two subgroups of students with extremely low and low levels of perceived social support, the source of students' perceived social support did not have a clear orientation; in the two subgroups with moderate and high levels of perceived social support, the most perceived emotional support was from family and friends, while the least perceived support was companionship from teachers, classmates, and relatives, and problems related to the dependability of friends and communication with family. (2) The degree of social support perceived by students is directly proportional to the coping tendency, i.e., as the degree of perceived social support increases, the proportion of students adopting active coping strategies increases while that of students adopting negative coping strategies decreases; thus, we concluded that high levels of emotional support from family and friends can increase students' tendency of adopting positive strategies to cope with difficulties, while problems related to the dependability of friends and communication with family decrease students' tendency of adopting positive coping strategies. (3) Gender had a significant impact on the extremely low and low levels of perceived social support-negative coping tendencies; these subgroups accounted for 34.6% of the total students. Gender showed no significant influence on other subgroups, a school type had no impact on the distribution of the subgroups. (4) The higher the degree of perceived social support, the lower is the degree of students' general anxiety, and the lower is the degree of impact by the COVID-19 pandemic. The subdivision of student groups allows us to design more targeted support programmes for students with different psychological characteristics to help them alleviate stress during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Dyadic profiles of personality among older couples: Associations with marital quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 2012-2031
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Wang ◽  
Kyungmin Kim ◽  
Jeffrey E. Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Older Couples ◽  
Personality Similarity ◽  
Marital Strain

Understanding dyadic personality configurations and their associations with marital quality helps identify couples who are at high risk of marital strain. However, current research on personality similarity among spouses usually confounds couples with similarly positive and similarly negative personalities. This study aimed to (1) provide a clearer classification of dyadic personality profiles among older couples, (2) examine the associations between these profiles and both partners’ marital quality, and (3) explore gender differences in these associations. Data came from 3,178 older couples drawn from the 2010/2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Latent profile analysis was used to identify dyadic personality profiles based on spouses’ standardized Big Five personality scores. Multilevel models examined associations between dyadic personality profiles and each partner’s marital quality, testing for gender differences as well. Six dyadic personality profiles were identified, including two opposite profiles (52%; positive wife–negative husband and positive husband–negative wife), two similar profiles (40%; similarly positive and similarly negative), and two extreme profiles (8%; extremely negative husband and extremely negative wife). Couples in the similarly positive profile reported the best marital quality, whereas couples in the similarly negative profile and the two extreme profiles reported the worst marital quality. The associations between profiles characterized by negative traits and marital quality were more pronounced among wives than husbands. This study advances the understanding of personality similarity and its consequences, suggesting heterogeneous subgroups of dyadic personalities among older couples and providing evidence of gender differences in the implications of personality similarity for relationship quality.

Latent Profile Analysis of Personality Dimensions Among Juvenile Offenders: Relevance for Predicting Offending Seriousness

2020 ◽  
pp. 001112872092892
Author(s):  
Thomas Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Pathways To Desistance ◽  
Latent Profile

There is a burgeoning base of research identifying personality as a predictor of offending. However, research has focused on personality dimensions, rather than full personality profiles as predictors. The present study utilized the Pathways to Desistance data to examine the relationship between personality profiles and offending. This sample comprised 1,354 juvenile offenders followed during the study period of 2000 to 2010. Latent profile analysis was used to identify patterns across dimensions to elucidate personality profiles. Negative binomial regression was used to examine profiles as predictors of offending. Results indicated that a two-profile model fit the data. Participants assigned to the Undercontrolled profile (high in neuroticism and low in all other dimensions) engaged in more serious offending than the Resilient profile.

scholarly journals Value-Based Profiles of Visitors to a World Heritage Site: The Case of Suwon Hwaseong Fortress (in South Korea)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwasung Song ◽  
Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Place Value ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Unesco World Heritage Site ◽  
The World ◽  
Person Centered Approach

The aim of this study is to evaluate the place value of Suwon Hwaseong Fortress in Korea, a mountain fortress located in natural resources with UNESCO World Heritage Site status, in order to classify visitors according to place value and to establish marketing strategies based on the characteristics of each profile. In particular, for sustainable cultural heritage development, visitors were asked to evaluate the place value of the site from various perspectives, through a presentation of government policies and business based on both the world heritage value and the inherent attractiveness of the site. Utilizing a person-centered approach, a latent profile analysis (LPA) was applied to a sample of visitors to Hwaseong Fortress (N = 656), with visitors classified by place value into four profiles: Outing Seekers (OS), Tourism Seekers (TS), Heritage Seekers (HS), and Serious Travel Seekers (SS). These profiles differed in relation to distance from the study setting from travelers’ residence, recognition of the fortress as a World Heritage site, and the degree to which the World Heritage site status influenced the decision to visit. The profiles also showed differences in visit satisfaction and intent to revisit. This study contributes a better understanding of visitors’ evaluated value of heritage sites and corresponding behaviors, in order to provide sustainable management for the heritage tourism market.

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