scholarly journals Stone raw materials in the Vinca culture: Petrographic analysis of assemblage from Vinca and Belovode

Starinar ◽  
2005 ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Antonovic ◽  
Kristina Resimic-Saric ◽  
Vladica Cvetkovic
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Ground Stone ◽  
Petrographic Analyses ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Stone Industry ◽  
Selection Of

This paper shows the results of petrographic analyses of raw materials used for making the ground stone industry implements in two Vinca culture sites Vinca and Belovode. The assemblages from the aforementioned sites feature a number of specific characteristics. In Vinca, in late strata, a kind of devaluation in the selection of stone raw materials is registered, which is closely related to the decline in quality of stone processing and may be a consequence of territorial narrowing of the Vinca culture per se in its later phases, and of introduction of metallurgy in everyday life. For this reason an analogy with the Belovode site was made, which subsists only throughout the early phase of the Vinca culture and is doubtlessly a metallurgic settlement. Petrographic analyses of the raw materials from which ground stone tools used to be made at the Vinca and Belovode sites are only a part of the commenced petro-archaeological research. They imply that further investigations should focuses on field work, principally in the vicinity of the sites themselves. Primarily by petrographic, and, as applicable, by other analyses of samples brought from the field work, and by comparison of the tools, it could be possible to define more precisely the territory from which the raw materials originated.

scholarly journals Analysis of Quality of Backyard Compost and Its Potential Utilization as a Circular Bio-Waste Source

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4392
Author(s):  
Apolka Ujj ◽  
Kinga Percsi ◽  
Andras Beres ◽  
Laszlo Aleksza ◽  
Fernanda Ramos Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Seed Dispersion ◽  
Materials Used

The use and quality analysis of household compost have become very important issues in recent years due to the increasing interest in local food production and safe, self-produced food. The phenomenon was further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine period, which gave new impetus to the growth of small home gardens. However, the knowledge associated with making high-quality compost is often lacking in home gardeners. Therefore, the objective of this research was to find answers to the following questions: can the quality of backyard compost be considered safe in terms of toxicity and nutrient content? Can weed seed dispersion affect the usability of backyard compost? In general, can the circulation of organic matter be increased with the spread of home composting? In this study, 16 different house composts were analysed for stability, weed seed contamination, toxic elements, and nutrient content using analysis of variance. The results of the research showed that the quality properties of the composts (including their weed seed dispersion effect) were greatly influenced by the different techniques and raw materials used. The toxicity levels, as well as the content of macro and microelements, were within the parameters of safe-quality compost. The specific macronutrient (Ca, Mg) and micronutrient (Fe, Mn) contents of the tested composts have a similar and, in some cases, more favorable nutrient supply capacity in crop production than the frequently-used cow manure-based composts. With a plan of basic education on composting, there is potential to encourage farmyard composting.

Bioprotective Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Malting and Brewing

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1724-1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN ROUSE ◽  
DOUWE VAN SINDEREN
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Beer Brewing ◽  
Brewing Process ◽  
Materials Used

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are naturally associated with many foods or their raw ingredients and are popularly used in food fermentation to enhance the sensory, aromatic, and textural properties of food. These microorganisms are well recognized for their biopreservative properties, which are achieved through the production of antimicrobial compounds such as lactic acid, diacetyl, bacteriocins, and other metabolites. The antifungal activity of certain LAB is less well characterized, but organic acids, as yet uncharacterized proteinaceous compounds, and cyclic dipeptides can inhibit the growth of some fungi. A variety of microbes are carried on raw materials used in beer brewing, rendering the process susceptible to contamination and often resulting in spoilage or inferior quality of the finished product. The application of antimicrobial-producing LAB at various points in the malting and brewing process could help to negate this problem, providing an added hurdle for spoilage organisms to overcome and leading to the production of a higher quality beer. This review outlines the bioprotective potential of LAB and its application with specific reference to the brewing industry.

Development of new technologies for sorting of fibrous cotton stalks by the combined method “ADAU” and production of sowing material

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (09) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Şahlar Mahmud oğlu Babayev ◽  
◽  
Camaləddin Ələkbər oğlu Məmmədov ◽  
Səfiyyə İbrahim qızı Məhərrəmova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Cotton Stalks ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Selection Of

The article is devoted to the development of technologies for the production of quality sowing material, which is the main problem of cotton growing, which has a greater share in the agricultural sector, which is the basis of the economy of the republic. For this purpose, a new technology for the production of sowing material was developed as a result of the selection of biologically mature yarns during the combined sorting of fibrous cotton yarns, as well as processing of these yarns by the proposed method, and two positive decisions were made by the Intellectual Property Agency. In addition to the mentioned advantages of the proposed technology, the use of low-percentage starch solution, as well as absorbents with high absorption capacity (zeolite or bentonite) in the country to improve the quality of sowing material in the production of sowing material as a result of processing raw materials. indicates that it has indicators. Key words: fiber, cotton, yarn, combined, sorting, sowing material, production, technology

The Issue of Increasing the Products Durability Made of Fine-Grain Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 537-543
Author(s):  
Elizaveta O. Lotoshnikova ◽  
Leonid M. Usepyan ◽  
Valeriya N. Telegina ◽  
Elzara O. Tsybenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Technological Method ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Materials Used

The article presents a technique for assigning the composition of the agglutinant sand, which is based on the calculation and experimental approach to determining the composition, taking into account the quality of raw materials used and the requirements for the properties of concrete products produced. The obtained results served as the basis for the practical implementation of the proposed technological method of increasing the small-sized products durability made of fine-grain concrete.

scholarly journals Biofilms and hygiene on dairy farms and in the dairy industry: sanitation chemical products and their effectiveness on biofilms – a review

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 309-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Vlková ◽  
V. Babák ◽  
R. Seydlová ◽  
I. Pavlík ◽  
J. Schlegelová
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Specific Contact ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Selection Of

Microbial biofilms which form on all types of surfaces of technological systems in the dairy industry and on dairy farms adversely affect the quality and safety of final products, i.e. both foodstuffs and raw materials used for their production. The fact that a number of microorganisms are alimentary pathogens, e.g. <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> or <I>Listeria monocytogenes,</I> makes a serious problem directly affecting human health. Biofilms are usually formed by various species of microorganism, which protect each other against the effects of biocidal (antibacterial) agents and are resistant to these agents. The colonisation of surfaces of the open and closed piping systems, floors, waste, walls and ceilings of the production halls becomes a major problem in the selection of effective sanitation agents for their control. Based on the existing model studies, practical methods for testing the effectiveness of sanitation procedures should be evaluated, including the selection of biocides and comparison of the physical parameters of the sanitation procedures. Testing the effectiveness of the sanitation agents should be performed with the use of standardised tests, which consider microbial, structural, and chemical characteristics of the living microbial communities on specific contact surfaces in the food-processing industry.

DETERMINANTS OF THE SELECTION OF RAW MATERIALS USED IN ANIMAL FEED PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol XXII (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Magdalena Śmiglak-Krajewska
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Soya Bean Meal ◽  
Selection Of

The main purpose of this paper was to identify the factors affecting the selection of raw materials used by feed operators in feed production. An attempt was also made to indicate the barriers to increasing the use of native protein plants by feed operators in feed production. Today, many EU countries (including Poland) primarily rely on vegetable protein derived from genetically modified soya bean meal (mainly imported from South America and the U.S.) in addressing their needs for protein raw material used in animal feed. For many years now, Poland has taken steps to increase the production and use of native protein raw material to partially replace soya bean meal imports. The use of mixes of diverse domestic protein sources derived from grain legumes (peas, field beans, lupine) can provide an advantageous alternative to compound feeding stuff based on imported post-extraction soya bean meal. To meet the objective defined above, this paper relied on the results of a 2018 survey conducted with a sample of 29 feed operators located across the country. More than half (55%) of the enterprises surveyed did not use legumes in feed production; the use of legumes was above 10% in only 3% of respondents. When asked about the key factors affecting the selection of raw materials used in production processes, the respondents declared to be interested in buying large batches of homogeneous raw materials that meet specific quality parameters (33% replied “rather yes” and 67% replied “definitely yes”). The protein content of plant seeds used in feed production was identified as another aspect of extreme importance (55% replied “rather yes” and 24% replied “definitely yes”).

A Preliminary Geoarchaeological Investigation of Ground Stone Tools in and around the Maya Mountains, Toledo District, Belize

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Abramiuk ◽  
William P. Meurer
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Terminal Classic ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Ground Stone ◽  
Toledo District ◽  
Maya Mountains ◽  
Materials Used

AbstractWe investigate ground stone tools, specifically manos and metates, throughout the Bladen region of the Maya Mountains of Belize and adjacent areas during the Late and Terminal Classic periods. Because of the distinctiveness and relative heterogeneity of rock types in the Bladen region, we can pinpoint the Bladen communities that exploited the raw materials used in manufacturing manos and metates utilized in other communities. Based on mano and metate fragments that were recovered from the Bladen communities, as well as from communities outside the Bladen region, we reconstruct an intercommunity network within the Bladen region and investigate communities outside of the Bladen to which the Bladen communities were directly or indirectly linked. This investigation shows that if enough geo-specific information is available, it is possible to reconstruct a relatively accurate picture of inter-community relations. Moreover, it is shown that the Bladen region was a valuable source of ground stone for the Maya Lowlands and the Bladen communities were integral players in its exploitation.

scholarly journals THE QUALITY ANALYSIS OF CHOCOLATE CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS IN RESTAURANT BUSINESS

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Bespalova ◽  
M.M. Gomola ◽  
T.I. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
Selection Of

The article is devoted to the urgent theoretical and practical problems of the quality control of the chocolate confectionery products in cafes and restaurants. The authors analyze the modern approaches to the quality control of the chocolate confectionery products. The practical recommendations can be useful for the process of selection of the high quality raw materials. The criteria for the quality control of the chocolate confectionery products have been given. Some ways to improve the quality of he chocolate confectionery products have been discussed.

scholarly journals Quality and biological value of wine from gooseberries, raspberries and black currants using vegetable sweetener

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
N. E. Nazarova ◽  
T. V. Zaletova ◽  
E. V. Zubova ◽  
K. A. Kulagina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Regulatory Document ◽  
Calorie Content ◽  
Functional Product ◽  
Materials Used

The results of the study of the natural sweetener effect from Stevia on the quality of two types of table semisweet fruit blended wine - from gooseberries and raspberries, gooseberries and black currants - in comparison with the classical recipe with sugar, are presented in the article. The recipes and the production technology of table blended fruit wine with Stevia extract as a sweetener were presented in the work. Stevia extract and sugar (control sample) were added after complete fermentation of sugars into dry wine material. The extract dose was 1.4 ml per 1 liter of wine material. Organoleptic and tasting evaluation of the finished product showed that wine with the addition of Stevia extract has good quality indicators, a pleasant taste without extraneous smacks. The sugar content was practically at zero point - 0.25 g / l in wine from gooseberries and raspberries, 0.28 g / l in wine from gooseberries and black currants. In the wine made by classical technology, the sugar content was 70.30 g / l and 71.10 g / l, respectively. The titrated acidity of the wine was within the requirements of the regulatory document and ranged from 9.0 to 10.9 g / dm3. The content of vitamin C and beta-carotene depended to a greater extent on the type of fruit and berry raw materials used. A higher content of ascorbic acid was noted in blended wine from gooseberries and black currants - at the level of 26.88–27.02 mg, beta-carotene - in wine from gooseberries and raspberries. The introduction of sugar or Stevia extract did not affect the values of these indicators much. According to the results of studies in the manufacture of blended fruit wines in order to reduce their calorie content and use as a functional product, the addition of Stevia extract is recommended

scholarly journals Microscopic Analysis of Pottery Fragments from the Corded Ware Culture at Sites 11, 15 and 20 in Święte, Jarosław District

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rauba-Bukowska
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Crystalline Material ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Type B ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Natural Component

Abstract For microscopic examination, 22 pottery fragments from sites 11, 15 and 20 in Święte, Jarosław District were selected. The pottery types included beakers (N=19) and amphorae (N=3). The goal of the petrographic analysis was to identify mineralogical composition of ceramic fabric, sources of raw materials, and intentional additives to the clay. The analysis yielded data that helped determine ceramic fabrics types and preparation methods, as well as pottery firing conditions and approximate firing temperature. In all samples analysed, ceramic fabrics were prepared in a similar way, using heavy clay poor in muscovite, with grog deliberately added. Crystalline material present in some of the samples is most likely a natural component of raw materials used in the production process. No sand is added to the clay. No other method for preparing pastes was identified for the amphorae type. Previous observations on amphorae firing are confirmed: amphorae are fired in oxidizing conditions. The ceramic fabrics of two vessels have a deliberate admixture of bones in addition to grog and argillaceous rock intraclasts. Vessels decorated with cord impressions and vessels with herringbone or other incised patterns are more often made from paste type A (inclusion and grog) and paste type B (grog), respectively.

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