scholarly journals Tropilaelaps of bees - epizootiological picture with special emphasis on the first description of the parasite in bumblebees and bees in Serbia

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Marija Manic ◽  
Bosiljka Djuricic ◽  
Z. Raicevic
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Acarapis Woodi ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
International Transport ◽  
Queen Bees ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Bee Disease ◽  
First Time ◽  
Bee Colonies

Honey bees are the most significant pollinators of plants worlwide. Importance of plant pollination widely exceeds all other economic benefits of modern beekeeping such as production of honey, Royal jelly, propolis, beeswax, honeybee venom etc. The issues concerning bees diseases are of extreme importance in modern commercial beekeeping. That especially regards to the fact that the number of disease agents in bees has considerably increased in recent decades. Using international transport, export or import of bees and their products, the possibility of entering various agents (parasites, bacterias, viruses and fungi) into bee colonies. In recent years one of the biggest problems in beekeeping in Asia has become tropilaelaps - ectoparasitic bee disease caused by mites of the genus Tropilaelaps. But because of prevalent interest in parasites Varroa destructor and Acarapis woodi, the threat of mites from Tropileaps family has not been familiar for a long period of time. Today, Tropilaelaps is on the list of diseases endangering the whole world, made by OIE. There is a real risk of its spreading, mostly through trade, that is import of bees, swarms, queen bees, bee products and equipment. In the Republic of Serbia, this disease was described for the first time in April-May 1981 in bumblebees and bees in which a mass infestation with until then unknown parasites was detected. By additional analysis there was found out that the parasite in question was from Laelapidae (Mesostigmata) family, Tropilaelaps.

scholarly journals The Effect of Open Brood and Colony Strength on the Onset of Oviposition by Queen Bees

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Jakub Gąbka ◽  
Jerzy Woyke
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Queen Bees ◽  
Mating Flights ◽  
Virgin Queens ◽  
Bee Colonies

Abstract In bee colonies without open brood, e.g., after swarming, there is no need for royal jelly, and nurse bees thus do not produce it. According to many beekeepers, adding combs with open brood restarts the production of royal jelly by nurse bees, and the virgin queens then are better fed and start earlier oviposition. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the presence of open brood and the strength of the colonies affect the onset of oviposition by queen bees. Open brood in colonies with virgins before and during mating flights did not accelerate the initiation of oviposition by the queens. In addition, no differences were identified in starting oviposition by queens in strong colonies of more than 30,000 worker bees, or in weak colonies with up to 1,000 workers. Overall, the results showed that neither open brood in the nests, nor the strength of the colonies affects the onset of oviposition by queen bees.

scholarly journals Breeding indicators of Carniolan (Apis mellifera carnica pollm) and Carpathy (Apis mellifera carpatica) honey bees

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Boymakhmat Kakhramanov ◽  
Solikh Isamukhamedov ◽  
Farida Kuldasheva ◽  
Saydulla Doniyorov ◽  
Nilufar Rakhimjanova
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Queen Bees ◽  
First Time

In our research, the adaptation of imported carniolan (Apis mellifera carnica Pollm) and Carpathian (Apis mellifera carpatica) honey bees to the natural climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, the main indicators of queen bees in experimental groups, the results of two-year assessment and economic benefits were studied for the first time in Uzbekistan.

scholarly journals Assessment of health and economic benefits of walking in the Republic of North Macedonia using Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jansun Bukovetz ◽  
Kristina Shuntova ◽  
Igor Spiroski ◽  
Shaban Memeti
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Total Economic Value ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

Walking as a form of physical activity has immense health benefits, but it also has economic benefits. Walking is a very efficient activity that prevents certain diseases and enables better quality of life of people who already have some disease.A considerable contribution of walking is detected in cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obesity and chronic pulmonary diseases.The aim of this study was to make a health and economic assessment of the benefits of walking in the Republic of North Macedonia by using the Health and Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT).Materials and methods:Health Economic Assessment Tool is a relatively new tool, developed by WHO experts whose expertise is in the field of Public health and is able to calculate the health effects of regular walking and/or cycling. This study was based on using this tool for walking mode for the first time in the Republic of North Macedonia in a population group of 191 participants between the age of 20 to 73 years, with the average age of 35 years.Results:Besides the aforementioned health benefits, HEAT calculates the economic benefits of walking. The tool applied to 191 participants resulted in a total economic value of 108 808.8€ for one yearas well as reduction in mortality rate. Conclusion: We found that less than one fifth of our assessed population spends time in walking according to the WHO, CDC and AHA recommendations. The rest of them, more than four fifths are not following these recommendations. Our assessed population was relatively young, the average age being 35 years old, and the population was healthy, but still the results from this survey were not satisfying.

scholarly journals The Transition Ratio of Nosema spp. Spores From Colonies to Honey Versus Honey to Colonies

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Ceren Sarıbıyık ◽  
Aslı Özkırım
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Nosema Apis ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Bee Disease ◽  
Bee Colonies

Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are insects that have an important role in plant pollination as well as production of benefical products such as honey, propolis, pollen, royal jelly, bee venom and beeswax. There is a growing interest in bee diseases and loss, which is a major threat to the economy and human health. Nosemosis is an adult honey bee disease which effects its digestive system mostly. The cause for the disease is Nosema apis or Nosema ceranae but the two can be seen together, too. This article aims to explore the transmission of Nosemosis and its effect on honey. For this purpose, a field study was conducted in Muğla province, where 51 pieces were collected from bee yards as spring samples and 51 pieces from bee yards as autumn samples during these two seasons, and 51 honey samples from bee yards were examined during the honey harvest. The results revealed that Nosema spp. which was obtained from honey bee samples collected in spring was more effective on honey samples. Nosema spp. was found to have a linear relation with the infection in the hive. It was determined that the percentage of Nosema spores seen in adults was 1.63%. This result contributed to the literature by providing this ratio used in estimating the level of infection in the colonies by means of honey sampling. Furthermore this is the first study where the contamination risk of honey from the infected colonies is calculated. Hopefully, this study can provide background for further research on the protection of bee colonies and risk assessment against Nosema spp. disease.

The Sayan borderlands: Tuva’s ethnocultural landscapes in changing natural and sociocultural environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
D. A. Dirin ◽  
Paul Fryer
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Population Migrations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sociocultural Processes ◽  
First Time

The paper is devoted to ethno-cultural landscapes of the Republic of Tuva. Ethnocultural landscapes (ECLs) are specific socio-environmental systems that developed as a result of the interaction of ethnic groups with their natural and social environments and are in a constant process of transformation. An attempt is made to identify the mechanisms of the formation, functioning and dynamics of ethnocultural landscapes in the specific conditions of the intracontinental cross-border mountain region, as well as to establish the main factors-catalysts of their modern changes. For the first time an attempt is made to delimit and map the ethnocultural landscapes of Tuva. For this, literary sources, statistical data and thematic maps of different times are analyzed using geoinformation methods. The results of 2014-2018 field studies are also used, during which interviews with representatives of different ethno-territorial, gender, age and social groups were taken. It is revealed that the key factors of Tuva’s ethnocultural landscape genesis are the natural isolation of its territory; the features of its landscape structure; the role of government; population migrations from other regions and the cultural diffusion provoked by them. 13 ethnocultural landscapes are identified at the regional level. Their modern transformation is determined by the shift of climatic cycles, aridisation, globalisation of sociocultural processes, changes in economic specialisation and ethnopsychological stereotypes.

The Legal Status of Local Government in South Africa under the New Constitutional Dispensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuzeni Mathenjwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The history of local government in South Africa dates back to a time during the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. With regard to the status of local government, the Union of South Africa Act placed local government under the jurisdiction of the provinces. The status of local government was not changed by the formation of the Republic of South Africa in 1961 because local government was placed under the further jurisdiction of the provinces. Local government was enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa arguably for the first time in 1993. Under the interim Constitution local government was rendered autonomous and empowered to regulate its affairs. Local government was further enshrined in the final Constitution of 1996, which commenced on 4 February 1997. The Constitution refers to local government together with the national and provincial governments as spheres of government which are distinctive, interdependent and interrelated. This article discusses the autonomy of local government under the 1996 Constitution. This it does by analysing case law on the evolution of the status of local government. The discussion on the powers and functions of local government explains the scheme by which government powers are allocated, where the 1996 Constitution distributes powers to the different spheres of government. Finally, a conclusion is drawn on the legal status of local government within the new constitutional dispensation.

The revision of lichens, lichenicolous and non-lichenized fungi from the Vodlozersky National Park (Republic of Karelia, Russia) in the Herbarium of the Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-348
Author(s):  
V. N. Tarasova ◽  
T. Ahti ◽  
O. Vitikainen ◽  
A. V. Sonina ◽  
L. Myllys
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Lichenized Fungi ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Lichenicolous Fungi ◽  
Biogeographic Province ◽  
Botanical Museum ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lichen Flora

This is a report of a revision of 565 herbarium specimens of lichens, lichenicolous or non-lichenized fungi and additional locality records of common species produced from a visit of the Russian-Finnish expedition to Vodlozersky National Park right after its foundation in 1991. The analyzed collection and field records represent the earliest information about the lichen flora of the territory of the park. In total, 177 species are listed including 173 lichens, 3 non-lichenized and 1 lichenicolous fungi. Xylographa rubescens is new to the Republic of Karelia. Twenty two species are reported for the first time for biogeographic province Karelia transonegensis; 47 species for the Karelian part of Vodlozersky National Park; and 17 species for the whole territory of the park.

Some new and interesting mosses (Bryophyta) from Republic of North Ossetia — Alania

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 322-327
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
I. A. Nikolajev ◽  
Yu. V. Lavrinenko
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia

Fissidens gracilifolius, Leptodontium flexifolium, Lindbergia dagestanica, Tortella bambergeri are recorded for the first time in the Republic of North Osetia — Alania. Rare species for the Republic are discussed: Fabronia ciliaris, F. pusilla, Lindbergia grandiretis, Tortula modica, Weissia wimmeriana, Zygodon rupestris.

Development of Interethnic Relations in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the First Decades after the Second World War

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Guskova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
First Time ◽  
Second World

The article is devoted to the analysis of interethnic relations in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) in the 1940s and 1960s. The article is based on materials from the archives of BiH, Croatia, Slovenia, Yugoslavia. The documents show the state of affairs in the Republic – both in the economy and in ideology. In one or another way, all of them reflect the level of tension in the interethnic relations. For the first time, the article presents the discussion on interethnic relations, on the new phenomenon in multinational Yugoslavia – the emergence of a new people in BiH under the name of “Muslim”. The term “Muslims” is used to define the ethnic identity of Bosniaks in the territory of BiH starting from the 1961 census.

The Republic

2019 ◽  
pp. 205-229
Author(s):  
Dominic Scott
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Ideal State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Individual Justice ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter presents a reading of Plato’s Republic. The Republic is among Plato’s most complex works. From its title, the first-time reader will expect a dialogue about political theory, yet the work starts from the perspective of the individual, coming to focus on the question of how, if at all, justice contributes to an agent’s happiness. Only after this question has been fully set out does the work evolve into an investigation of politics—of the ideal state and of the institutions that sustain it, especially those having to do with education. But the interest in individual justice and happiness is never left behind. Rather, the work weaves in and out of the two perspectives, individual and political, right through to its conclusion. All this may leave one wondering about the unity of the work. The chapter shows that, despite the enormous range of topics discussed, the Republic fits together as a coherent whole.

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