scholarly journals Evaluation of agreement and correlation of three occlusal indices in an assessment of orthodontic treatment need

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Djordjevic ◽  
Ivana Scepan ◽  
Branislav Glisic
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Peer Assessment Rating Index ◽  
School Of Dentistry ◽  
The Aesthetic

Background/Aim. Occlusal indices are quantitative diagnostic indicators of malocclusion severity, orthodontic treatment need, complexity and outcome. The aim of this study was to determine correlations and agreement among three occlusal indices: the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), the Peer Assessment Rating Index (PAR) and the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) in evaluating orthodontic treatment need. Methods. A total eighty study models of patients referred to the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Belgrade, were assessed in this retrospective study. Malocclusions of various types and severity in the permanent dentition were included. Results. The Aesthetic and the Dental Health Component of IOTN determined orthodontic treatment need in 25% and 51% of the patients, respectively. PAR determined orthodontic treatment need in 59% and ICON in 53% of patients. The Aesthetic Component of IOTN and ICON had the highest correlation (Spearman's correlation coefficient 0.95, p < 0.01). Correlations between indices were 0.44 to 0.61 with statistical significance (p < 0.01). The agreement between indices, calculated using Kappa statistics, was 0.22 to 0.63. Conclusion. The most critical in malocclusion assessment was PAR. The Aesthetic Component of IOTN and ICON correlated highly (p < 0.01). Correlations between other pairs of indices were moderate (p < 0.01). The Aesthetic Component of IOTN and ICON had substantial agreement, whereas agreement between other indices was fair or moderate. ICON could replace PAR and IOTN. Application of occlusal indices enables objective evaluation of orthodontic treatment need and easier determination of the treatment priorities.

The Seven-year Outcome of an Early Orthodontic Treatment Strategy

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 584-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kerosuo ◽  
M. Väkiparta ◽  
M. Nyström ◽  
K. Heikinheimo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Peer Assessment Rating Index

The benefits of early orthodontic treatment are continuously discussed, but studies are few. We examined whether definite need for orthodontic treatment could be eliminated in public health care by systematically focusing on early intervention. One age cohort living in a rural Finnish municipality (N = 85) was regularly followed from ages 8 to 15 years, and persons with malocclusions were treated according to a pre-planned protocol. Treatment need was assessed according to the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need, and treatment outcome by the Peer Assessment Rating Index (PAR). Fifty-two percent of the cohort received treatment, and definite treatment need decreased from 33% to 9%. In the treated group, the mean PAR score reduction was 63%, and 51% showed more than 70% improvement. The results suggest that an early treatment strategy may considerably reduce the need for orthodontic treatment in public health care with limited specialist resources.

scholarly journals Orthodontic Treatment Need and the Psychosocial Impact of Malocclusion in 12-Year-Old Hong Kong Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Baram ◽  
Yanqi Yang ◽  
Chong Ren ◽  
Ziling Wang ◽  
Ricky Wing Kit Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
The Aesthetic

Objectives. To determine the prevalence of orthodontic treatment need in 12-year-old children in Hong Kong and its relationship with the psychosocial impact of malocclusion and to assess their associations with sociodemographic factors.Materials and Methods. A random sample of 687 12-year-old children was recruited from 45 secondary schools in Hong Kong. Orthodontic treatment need was assessed on study models by five indices: the Dental Health Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-DHC), the Aesthetic Component of the IOTN (IOTN-AC), the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), the Index of Complexity Outcome and Need (ICON), and the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR). The psychosocial impact of malocclusion on participants and sociodemographic factors were obtained from a questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to examine the correlations between treatment need and the psychosocial impact of malocclusion as well as their associations with sociodemographic factors.Results. The final number of participants was 667 (339 boys and 328 girls, participation rate 667/687 = 97.1%). The prevalence of orthodontic treatment need varied depending on the indices used (10.9–47.8%), but significant correlations were found among the five indices (p< 0.01). The uptake of treatment among the cohort was 2.3%. Boys had higher IOTN-DHC (p< 0.05), DAI (p< 0.05), and PAR (p= 0.05) scores than girls. IOTN-AC was significantly associated with the psychosocial impact of malocclusion (p< 0.05). Parents’ level of education and household income were not significantly associated with either treatment need or the psychosocial impact of malocclusion (p> 0.05).Conclusion. The need for orthodontic treatment in 12-year-old children in Hong Kong remained high, and the uptake of treatment was low. Boys had a higher normative treatment need than girls. Among the five indices, IOTN-AC appears to be the best indicator of the psychosocial impact of malocclusion.

Normative and perceived orthodontic treatment need of senior year dental students

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kolawole Kikelomo Adebanke ◽  
Agbaje Hakeem Olatunde ◽  
Otuyemi Olayinka Donald
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Senior Year ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Elective Treatment ◽  
The Aesthetic

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine perceived and normative orthodontic treatment need of senior year dental students using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Materials and Methods: Ninety-nine senior year students of the Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria, participated. Normative assessment of occlusal characteristics was car¬ried out using IOTN and DAI while the Aesthetic Component (AC) scale of IOTN was used by the students to assess perceived need. Results: With the AC scale of IOTN, 6.1% of the students expressed “borderline need” and 2% “great need” for treatment, while normative need was 41.4% for “borderline need” and 11.1% for “great need”. The Dental Health Component found 37.4% and 24.2% in these categories, respectively. The DAI gave 26.3%, 13.1% and 15.1% in the elective treatment, highly desirable treatment and mandatory treatment categories respectively. No gender-dependent differences were found. Moderate correlation was observed between perceived and normative need (r=0.643), which was significant (p<0.001). Conclusions: Over half of the dental students had orthodontic treatment need with both indices. Normative and perceived treatment need differed significantly. The perception of treatment need is not only influenced by knowledge and severity of malocclusion, as psychosocial factors acting on individuals may be involved.

A Comparison of Three Orthodontic Treatment Indices with Regard to Angle Classification

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Emine Kaygisiz ◽  
Fatma Deniz Uzuner ◽  
Lale Taner
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
Positive Correlations

Objectives: To calculate the agreement between the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) in assessing orthodontic treatment need and to determine correlations between the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) and DAI and ICON scores according to Angle classification among patients referred for orthodontic evaluation. Study Design: This study included 457 randomly selected patients between 9 to17 years of age. Patients were divided into four groups according to Angle classification [Class I (n=154), Class II division 1(Class II/1) (n=155), Class II division 2(Class II/2) (n=52) and Class III (n=96)]. Relationships between PAR scores and ICON and DAI scores were evaluated with the Spearman correlation test. Unweighted kappa statistics were used to analyse agreement between the ICON and DAI on the need for treatment, according to Angle classification. Results: Class I malocclusions scored significantly lower than other Angle classifications in all indices. Both the ICON and DAI showed significant positive correlations with the PAR in the general study population. For Class II/2 patients, no correlation was found between PAR and DAI scores. There was significant agreement between the ICON and DAI on treatment need among Class I, Class II/1 and Class II/2 patients however, no agreement was found for Class III malocclusions. Conclusions: The ICON, DAI and PAR produce similar results and can be used interchangeably for the general orthodontic patient population. However, based on Angle classification, prominent differences exist in scoring certain occlusal features.

Assessment of General Dental Services Orthodontic Standards: The Dental Practice Board's Gradings Compared to PAR and IOTN

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Turbill ◽  
Stephen Richmond ◽  
Jean L. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Peer Assessment Rating Index ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Case Basis

The subjective grading of cases at the Dental Practice Board of England and Wales was compared to the Peer Assessment Rating Index (PAR) and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) in assessing 1505 cases sampled at the Board between Late 1990 and mid-1991. Whilst some criteria are common to both systems, case by case there is only limited agreement; sources of disagreement are evaluated. The indices are essentially epidemiological tools; whilst they have shortcomings in assessing individual cases, they are related to peer opinion, and show good reliability when used on samples of cases. They can be readily updated, as findings of research or future peer opinion may dictate. Use of PAR and IOTN at the Board, instead of subjective gradings, would require a departure from decisions on withholding payment on a case by case basis. If, however, they were used onsamples of practitioners' caseloads to assess reduction of malocclusion, and residual malocclusion and need for treatment, practitioners fees could be up- or down-graded periodically according to their overall performance, to encourage more to adopt higher standards. Allowances could be made, however, for ‘limited objective treatments’ and cases where poor co-operation had impaired the result.

scholarly journals KEBUTUHAN PERAWATAN ORTODONTI BERDASARKAN INDEX OF ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT NEED PADA USIA REMAJA 15 – 17 TAHUN

e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel B. Oley ◽  
P. S. Anindita ◽  
Michael A. Leman
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
The Aesthetic

Abstract: Dental and oral health is an important factor that must be maintained. Things that affect dental health problems and oral one of them is malocclusion. The application needs orthodontic treatment is aimed at correcting malocclusions that can affect the health of the teeth and oral cavity as well as the appearance of a person's face. Research conducted a descriptive study. The purpose of this study to determine the needs of orthodontic treatment based Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), which consists of two components, namely the Aesthetic Component (AC) and the Dental Health Component (DHC). The study was conducted in high school 3 Tondano country with the number of students 390 people. Data collection was performed by inspection and measurement using the AC and DHC. The results showed that 85.94% based on the air-conditioning was not / little need of treatment, 9.37% needed treatment and of 4.69% borderline desperate need of care, while 51.56% based DHC no / little need of treatment, 35.94% need treatment of borderline and 12.5% in dire need of treatment.Keywords: malocclusion, Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need, Aesthetic Component, Dental Health Component.Abstrak: Kesehatan gigi dan rongga mulut merupakan faktor penting yang harus dijaga. Hal yang mempengaruhi masalah kesehatan gigi dan rongga mulut salah satunya ialah maloklusi.Penerapan kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti ditujukan untuk memperbaiki maloklusi yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan gigi dan rongga mulut serta penampilan wajah seseorang.Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan suatu penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti berdasarkan Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), yang terdiri dari dua komponen yaitu Aesthetic Component (AC) dan Dental Health Component (DHC).Penelitian dilakukan di SMA negeri 3 Tondano dengan jumlah siswa 390 orang.Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan dan pengukuran menggunakan AC dan DHC. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan AC 85,94% tidak/sedikit membutuhkan perawatan, 9,37% membutuhkan perawatan borderline dan 4,69% sangat membutuhkan perawatan, sedangkan berdasarkan DHC 51,56% tidak/sedikit membutuhkan perawatan, 35,94% membutuhkan perawatan borderline dan 12,5% sangat membutuhkan perawatan.Kata kunci: Maloklusi, Index Of Orthodontic Treatment Need, Aesthetic component, Dental Health Component.

scholarly journals Orthodontic Treatment Need in 11-13 Years Old Shoolchildren in Republika Srpska

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Mirjana Umićević Davidović ◽  
Marijana Arapović Savić ◽  
Adriana Arbutina
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Flat Mirror ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Republika Srpska ◽  
Orthodontic Need

SUMMARY Introduction Need for orthodontic treatment is determined by the severity of specific malocclusion. Orthodontic indices are used to objectively present treatment needs. The most commonly used is the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The aim of this study was to determine the need for orthodontic therapy in 11 to 13 years old schoolchildren in Republika Srpska. Material and Methods 1377 patients, 11 to 13 years old, were included in this study. The examinations were performed in elementary schools, using daylight, flat mirror and two-dimensional orthodontic caliper. Patients were ranked into 5 grades according to the Dental Health Component (DHC) and graded on a scale 1 to 10 for the Aesthetic Component (AC) of the IOTN index. Results According to the Dental Health Component (DHC), 79.23% of patients needed orthodontic treatment. Little and borderline orthodontic need was present in 27.74% and 24.83% children, respectively, while severe need was present in 19.98% and 6.68% respectively. 20.77% of subjects did not need orthodontic treatment. In regards to the Aesthetic Component (AC) (face appearance related to orthodontic need) little or no treatment was needed in 91.42% of subjects while 6.42% were borderline and 2.16% of subjects had severe relation between orthodontic need and facial appearance. Conclusion Due to the wide presence of orthodontic irregularities in schoolchildren 11-13 years old in Republika Srpska, it is important to introduce orthodontic indices in clinical practice in order to determine orthodontic treatment needs.

scholarly journals Acceptance of Orthodontic Therapy according to the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need among Schoolchildren - a CrossSectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Ruzica Zovko ◽  
Kristina Gorseta ◽  
Stipo Cvitanovic ◽  
Mirela Mabic ◽  
Anka Coric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Aesthetic

<p><strong>Objective</strong>. Orthodontic anomalies with impaired facial aesthetics and disturbed oral functions have a major effect on emotional and social development. It is necessary to determine the degree of acceptance of treatment. This study includes an evaluation of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) according to the Aesthetic Component (AC) of dental health in schoolchildren.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>. The research included 300 schoolchildren (150 girls, 150 boys) with an age range from 12 to 15 years. An evaluation of the need for orthodontic treatment according to the AC consisted of a ten-grade scale illustrated with a sequence of ten intraoral photographs showing different degrees of acceptability of dental appearance. Results were expressed as absolute and relative frequencies. The Chi-square test (in the absence of the expected frequencies of Fisher’s Exact test) was used for testing the significance of differences. Cohen’s kappa statistic measure was used for measuring the agreement between the children and<br /> dentists.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>. There is a significant substantial agreement between children and dentists in assessing the need for orthodontic treatment. Differences in assessment of the degree of orthodontic anomalies by the doctor of dental medicine with respect to boys and girls, are negligible, and statistical analysis did not show any significant difference. Analysis of the need for orthodontic treatment with respect to the age of the children showed a significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>. The need for orthodontic treatment is more pronounced in older children, and there is no difference between boys and girls.</p>

scholarly journals Application of occlusal indices in orthodontic practice

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Djordjevic ◽  
Ivana Scepan ◽  
Branislav Glisic
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peer Assessment Rating Index ◽  
Dental Models ◽  
School Of Dentistry

Introduction. Occlusal indices were designed to improve diagnostic criteria and to enable an objective assessment of malocclusion severity. The aim of this study was to present the most frequently used occlusal indices in orthodontic practice and to determine their reliability when applied to dental models. Material and Methods. Three occlusal indices were selected for analysis: the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), the Peer Assessment Rating Index (PAR) and the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON). Twenty dental models of patients referred to Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Belgrade, with malocclusions of different type and severity were used in this study. All dental models were measured by three afore mentioned indices twice, two months apart, in order to determine intraexaminer reliability. Results. The results showed that three indices had good reliability. Weighted Kappa was calculated for IOTN (0.72 and 0.79 for the aesthetic and the dental health component, respectively) and root mean square error was calculated for PAR and ICON (2.1 and 4.5, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in scores between two measurements of these two indices (p<0.01). Conclusion. Application of occlusal indices enables orthodontists to determine priorities in patient care, planning of orthodontic service, monitoring and promotion of standards. Occlusal indices are reliable diagnostic criteria.

scholarly journals Cephalometric Analysis, Severity Malocclusion, and Orthodontic Treatment Need Using IOTN in Deaf Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noengki Prameswari ◽  
Herniyati Herniyati ◽  
Bambang Sucahyo ◽  
Arya Brahmanta ◽  
Meralda Rossy Syahdinda
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
School Type ◽  
Cephalometric Analysis ◽  
Deaf Students ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
The Aesthetic

Abstract Objectives Studies associated with deaf children's malocclusion and their treatment need are still very rare. Therefore, cephalometric analysis with the ability to access the skeletal, dental, and soft tissues can be used to score the severity of malocclusion and index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) in deaf children. This study examined the use of cephalometric analysis, severity malocclusion, and orthodontic treatment need in deaf students at special need school type B (SLB-B) Tunarungu Karya Mulia in Surabaya using IOTN along with investigating IOTN correlation with the result of dental cephalometric analysis and dental health component (DHC) and aesthetic component (AC) in IOTN index. Material and Methods Sample data consisted of 33 students between the ages of 8 to 12 years old and never had any orthodontic treatment. This investigation applied the indices from IOTN, in which DHC had 10 malocclusions, and AC with the aesthetic anterior dentition comprising 10 color photographs and different dental attractiveness levels. In addition, scores were chosen from the worst feature, with the data analyzed at a significant correlation test of 0.05%. Result There was no skeletal abnormality in deaf children. It displayed the highest number of malocclusion severity scores, while the DHC assessment showed the moderate and severe categories. Based on AC evaluation, the highest numbers of malocclusion severity were found in good and moderate category in terms of teeth arrangement and aesthetic. Conclusion There was a correlation between the dental cephalometric analysis in deaf children and treatment need using IOTN with AC and DHC.

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