scholarly journals Ligninolytic enzyme production by Lenzites betulinus on selected plant raw materials

2011 ◽  
pp. 333-338
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Knezevic ◽  
Ivan Milovanovic ◽  
Mirjana Stajic ◽  
Jelena Vukojevic
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzyme ◽  
Plant Residues

To get a better insight into the ligninolytic system of Lenzites betulinus, the effect of wheat straw and oak sawdust, as carbon sources, on production of Mn-oxidizing peroxidases and laccase, under solid-state and submerged fermentation, was studied. Obtained results revealed considerable differences related to the both factors affecting enzyme activities. Wheat straw was more favorable carbon source for Mn-oxidizing peroxidases and oak sawdust for laccase activity. Solid-state fermentation of wheat straw was optimal for Mn-dependent peroxidase activity (72.1 Ul-1). In contrary to this, submerged fermentation of the same residue gave the highest level of versatile peroxidase activity (25.4 Ul-1). The peak of laccase activity was noted during solid-state fermentation of oak sawdust (32.3 Ul-1), while this enzyme was not detected under submerged fermentation of any plant residues.

scholarly journals Trametes suaveolens as ligninolytic enzyme producer

2013 ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Knezevic ◽  
Ivan Milovanovic ◽  
Mirjana Stajic ◽  
Jelena Vukojevic
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzyme ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Submerged Cultivation ◽  
Phenol Red

Species of the genus Trametes represent one of the most efficient lignin-degraders which can be attributed to a well developed ligninolytic enzyme system. Current trends are screening of ability of new species to produce these enzymes, as well as the optimization of conditions for their overproduction. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of T. suaveolens to synthesize laccase and Mn-oxidizing peroxidases during fermentation of the selected plant raw materials. Level of enzyme activities was measured on 7, 10 and 14th day of submersion, as well as the solid-state fermentation of wheat straw and oak sawdust in the presence of NH4NO3 in previously determined optimal nitrogen concentration of 25 mM. The enzyme activity was determined spectrophotometrically using ABTS and phenol red as the substrates. The highest level of laccase activity (1087.1 U/L) was noted after 7 days of wheat straw solid-state fermentation, while during the submerged cultivation the production of the enzyme was not noted. Submerged cultivation in oak sawdust-enriched medium was the optimal for activity of Mn-dependent peroxidase (1767.7 U/L on day 14) and Mn-independent peroxidase (1113.7 U/L on day 7). Introduction of T. suaveolens to produce ligninolytic enzyme represented the base for further study, as well as the determination of relation between enzyme activity and rate of lignin degradation. It could lead to greater possibility of fungal species selection with high delignification capacity, which could take participation in sustainable production of food, feed, fibres, and energy, environmentally friendly pollution prevention, and bioremediation.

scholarly journals Optimization of Lovastatin Production from A Local Isolate of Aspergil-lus Terreus A50 in Solid State Fermentation by Classical and Statistical Methods

2020 ◽  
pp. 2525-2539
Author(s):  
Ali J. R. Al-Sa'ady ◽  
Ghazi M. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Moisture Ratio ◽  
Local Isolate ◽  
Oat Bran

Lovastatin is one of the most important compounds that is produced from some filamentous fungi, being employed in the reduction of hypocholesterolemia. The results of screening, after the collection of seventy-three local fungal isolates from different areas, demonstrated that the local isolate Aspergillus terreus A50 was the best isolate for lovastatin production, with a concentration of 12.66 µg/ml, through the submerged fermentation. Lovastatin produced from A. terreus A50 showed antimicrobial activities against a Candida albicans isolate. Solid state fermentation (SSF) was the best system to produce the highest yield of lovastatin by A. terreus A50 as compared to the submerged fermentation (SmF) system, with and without agitation. The optimum conditions for lovastatin production by SSF were also determined. The parameters included carbon sources (wastes), carbon sources mixture, incubation temperature, and moisturizing solution, which are commonly used in classical procedures. The results showed that a higher lovastatin production of 102.321 µg/gm substrate was obtained in the culture containing wheat bran and oat bran (1:1 w:w), sodium acetate, moisture ratio of 1.2 v:w, pH 7, incubation temperature of 30 °C and incubation period of 6 days. Some of these parameters, including pH, incubation period, and moisture ratio were determined by utilizing the Response Surface Method (RSM) as a statistical approach.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Sumber Karbon pada Produksi Lakase dari Jamur Pelapuk Putih Marasmius sp. dalam Fermentasi Kultur Padat

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Hendro Risdianto ◽  
Elis Sofianti ◽  
Suraya Suraya ◽  
Sri Harjati Suhardi ◽  
Tjandra Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Solid Support ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Laccase Production

Lakase merupakan salah satu enzim ligninolitik yang memiliki kemampuan mendegradasi lignin. Lakase telah diproduksi menggunakan jamur pelapuk putih Marasmius sp. dalam Fermentasi Kultur Padat (FKP) menggunakan jerami padi sebagai media pertumbuhan. Pengaruh sumber karbon yaitu glukosa, gliserol, dan molase dalam medium produksi lakase digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Konsentrasi 0,5%; 1,0%; dan 2,0% digunakan untuk tiap jenis sumber karbon. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas tertinggi lakase diperoleh pada kultivasi hari ke 6-10  dengan masing-masing aktivitas (872,0 U/L (hari ke-6), 1516,67 U/L (hari ke-9) dan 1270,69 U/L (hari ke-10). Aktivitas lakase tertinggi diperoleh pada penggunaan medium gliserol dan molase masing-masing adalah 1422,36 U/L (pada konsentrasi 1%, hari ke-7) dan 113,19 U/L (pada konsentrasi 2%, hari ke-8). Aktivitas tertinggi tersebut sebanding dengan penggunaan medium glukosa. Oleh karena itu, gliserol dan molase dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif sumber karbon untuk produksi lakase dengan fermentasi kultur padat.Kata kunci: glukosa, gliserol, lakase, molase, Marasmius sp., fermentasi kultur padat Influence of Carbon Sources on Laccase Production by White Rot Fungus Marasmius sp. in Solid State FermentationAbstractLaccase is an one of the ligninolytic enzymes that capable to degrade lignin in biomass. Laccase has been produced by white rot fungus Marasmius sp. in Solid State Fermentation (SSF) using rice straw as the solid support media. The influence of carbon sources, i.e. glucose, glycerol and molasses in medium of laccase production were studied in this paper. The concentration of 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0% were used for each carbon sources. The results showed that the highest lacase activity was obtained within 6-10 days of cultivation. Glucose concentration of 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0% gave the highest laccase activity were 872.0 U/L (day 6), 1516.67 U/L (day 9) and 1270.69 U/L (day 10) respectively. The highest laccase activity on using glycerol and molasses was 1422.36 U/L (at concentration of 1 % on day 7th) and 1113.19 U/L (at concentration of 2% on day 8th), respectively. This activity was comparable to that of glucose substrate. Therefore, glycerol and molasses gave a potential chance as carbon sources for the strategy on low cost laccase production in solid state fermentation.Keywords: glucose, glycerol, laccase, molasses, Marasmius sp., solid state fermentation. 

scholarly journals Agroresidues enhanced peroxidase activity expression by Bacillus sp. MABINYA-1 under submerged fermentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodeji O. Falade ◽  
Leonard V. Mabinya ◽  
Anthony I. Okoh ◽  
Uchechukwu U. Nwodo
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Maize Stover

Abstract Agroresidues have continued to gain preference over conventional carbon sources for microbial enzyme production due to the low price and abundance in the environment. Therefore, this study aimed at improving peroxidase yield by Bacillus sp. MABINYA-1 (BMAB-1) using agroresidues under submerged fermentation. The culture parameters that support maximum peroxidase yield by BMAB-1 was initially determined and the results showed that peroxidase activity expression was optimum at pH 5, 30 °C and 150 rpm while veratryl alcohol and ammonium sulphate served as the best peroxidase-inducer and inorganic nitrogen source, respectively. BMAB-1 exhibited maximum peroxidase expression (17.50 ± 0.10 U/mg) at 72 h using kraft lignin liquid medium (KLLM) under the optimized culture conditions. Upon utilization of selected agroresidues (sawdust, wheat straw and maize stover) as sole carbon sources by BMAB-1 in the fermentation process, peroxidase activity was significantly enhanced when compared with glucose (14.91 ± 0.31 U/mg) and kraft lignin (17.50 ± 0.10 U/mg). Sawdust produced the highest peroxidase yield (47.14 ± 0.41 U/mg), followed by maize stover (37.09 ± 0.00 U/mg) while wheat straw yielded the lowest peroxidase specific activity (21.65 ± 0.35 U/mg). This indicates that utilization of sawdust by BMAB-1 resulted in 3.2- and 2.7-fold increase in peroxidase activity expression as compared to glucose and kraft lignin, respectively. The aptitude of BMAB-1 to utilize agroresidues would reduce the cost of peroxidase production by the bacteria since the substrates are cheaper than the conventional carbon sources and are, as well, more readily available.

scholarly journals Production of Manganese Peroxidase and Organic Acids and Mineralization of 14C-Labelled Lignin (14C-DHP) during Solid-State Fermentation of Wheat Straw with the White Rot Fungus Nematoloma frowardii

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1864-1870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hofrichter ◽  
Tamara Vares ◽  
Mika Kalsi ◽  
Sari Galkin ◽  
Katrin Scheibner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzyme ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Free System

ABSTRACT The basidiomycetous fungus Nematoloma frowardiiproduced manganese peroxidase (MnP) as the predominant ligninolytic enzyme during solid-state fermentation (SSF) of wheat straw. The purified enzyme had a molecular mass of 50 kDa and an isoelectric point of 3.2. In addition to MnP, low levels of laccase and lignin peroxidase were detected. Synthetic 14C-ring-labelled lignin (14C-DHP) was efficiently degraded during SSF. Approximately 75% of the initial radioactivity was released as14CO2, while only 6% was associated with the residual straw material, including the well-developed fungal biomass. On the basis of this finding we concluded that at least partial extracellular mineralization of lignin may have occurred. This conclusion was supported by the fact that we detected high levels of organic acids in the fermented straw (the maximum concentrations in the water phases of the straw cultures were 45 mM malate, 3.5 mM fumarate, and 10 mM oxalate), which rendered MnP effective and therefore made partial direct mineralization of lignin possible. Experiments performed in a cell-free system, which simulated the conditions in the straw cultures, revealed that MnP in fact converted part of the14C-DHP to 14CO2 (which accounted for up to 8% of the initial radioactivity added) and14C-labelled water-soluble products (which accounted for 43% of the initial radioactivity) in the presence of natural levels of organic acids (30 mM malate, 5 mM fumarate).

scholarly journals Characterization of -amylase produced by the endophytic strain of Penicillium digitatum in solid state fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SMF)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (28) ◽  
pp. 1511-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becker Onofre Sideney ◽  
Abatti Dirceu ◽  
Refosco Douglas ◽  
Antonio Tessaro Amarildo ◽  
Alisson Becker Onofre Jean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum

scholarly journals Optimization of Cultural Conditions for Solid State Fermentation of Amylase Production by Aspergillus species

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Bina Gautam ◽  
Tika B Karki ◽  
Om Prakash Panta
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Amylolytic Enzyme ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Amylase Production ◽  
Selection Of

Amylase is an amylolytic enzyme used in food industry which is generally produced by Aspergillus spp. under solid state fermentation. The present study is concerned with the isolation, screening and selection of suitable strains of Aspergillus spp. and optimization of cultural conditions for the biosynthesis of amylase. Rice and wheat brans were used as substrates which are readily available inexpensive raw materials for amylase production. From 85 samples of rice and wheat grains, 55 colonies obtained on potato dextrose agar (PDA) were suspected to be Aspergillus oryzae and only 35 colonies possessed the morphological characteristics similar to that of A. oryzae indicating the isolates were most likely the strains of A. oryzae. Of all the fungal isolates of Aspergillus spps., Asp.31 gave maximum production of amylase (720.782 IUgds-1) in solid state fermentation media. This strain was selected as a parental strain for optimization for cultural conditions. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS- 11.5 program. Of all the substrates (rice bran, wheat bran and their mixture), rice bran was the best for producing amylase of highest activity 611.614 IUgds-1.The highest enzyme activity of 698.749 IUgds-1 was observed at 50% initial moisture level of the substrate. The optimum temperature was 25°C for producing the crude amylase enzyme with amylase activity of 577.757 IUgds-1. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 1 (2013) 67-74 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i1.8924

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