Assessing Effects of Air Pollution Assessing Toxic Effects of Environmental Pollutants S. D. Lee J. Brian Mudd

BioScience ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-66
Author(s):  
Norbert P. Page
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Toxic Effects

scholarly journals Highlighting the compound risk of COVID-19 and environmental pollutants using geospatial technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Kumar Singh ◽  
Martin Drews ◽  
Manuel De la Sen ◽  
Prashant Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Bambang H. Trisasongko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Geospatial Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Global Threat

AbstractThe new COVID-19 coronavirus disease has emerged as a global threat and not just to human health but also the global economy. Due to the pandemic, most countries affected have therefore imposed periods of full or partial lockdowns to restrict community transmission. This has had the welcome but unexpected side effect that existing levels of atmospheric pollutants, particularly in cities, have temporarily declined. As found by several authors, air quality can inherently exacerbate the risks linked to respiratory diseases, including COVID-19. In this study, we explore patterns of air pollution for ten of the most affected countries in the world, in the context of the 2020 development of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that the concentrations of some of the principal atmospheric pollutants were temporarily reduced during the extensive lockdowns in the spring. Secondly, we show that the seasonality of the atmospheric pollutants is not significantly affected by these temporary changes, indicating that observed variations in COVID-19 conditions are likely to be linked to air quality. On this background, we confirm that air pollution may be a good predictor for the local and national severity of COVID-19 infections.

scholarly journals Air Pollution around Schools and Poorer Student Health and Academic Performance: A Case of Dhaka, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Attendance Rate ◽  
New School ◽  
The Times ◽  
A Site ◽  
Testing Standards

Dhaka is one of the most vulnerable cities of the world to the adverse effects of air pollution and variables. Children of Dhaka are the most affected group of people to any crucial change in any climatic change, i.e., air pollution. Exposing children to any environmental pollutants during the times of their growth can lead to long-lasting health problems, dysfunction, and disease. The location of the schools can increase their exposure. In such, a survey has been conducted on the extent of air pollution from industrial sources around different schools in Dhaka to find out whether air pollution threatens children’s health and academic success. We found that schools in the highest air polluted areas had the poorer attendance rate — indicates poor health—and the highest proportions of students who are not performing up to their potential in educational testing standards. However, Dhaka and some other cities do not require officials considering a site for a new school to analyze its air quality. The survey result shows that such requirements are needed. For schools already in existence, we recommend that their environmental quality should be examined and improved to save our future generation.     

Occurrence, toxic effects, and mitigation of pesticides as emerging environmental pollutants using robust nanomaterials – A review

Chemosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 133538
Author(s):  
Azeem Intisar ◽  
Arooj Ramzan ◽  
Tehzeeb Sawaira ◽  
Amatul Kareem ◽  
Nazim Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Toxic Effects

Climate Changes and Atmospheric Pollution

2022 ◽  
pp. 540-577
Author(s):  
Gustavo Marques da Costa ◽  
Darlan Daniel Alves ◽  
Danielle Paula Martins ◽  
Katiucia Nascimento Adam ◽  
Sabrina Antunes Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Individual Contribution ◽  
Regional Impacts ◽  
Statistical Approaches ◽  
The Individual

The objective of this chapter is to present the central concepts, parameters, and methods for the monitoring of climate changes, with a focus on air pollution, and the possible global and regional impacts of climate changes as well. There are plant species used as bioindicators that have a high sensitivity or ability to accumulate environmental pollutants. Another method that this chapter will present is the use of receiver models that employ both mathematical and statistical approaches to quantify the individual contribution of a given number of emission sources in the composition of a sample. The data presented in this chapter will provide reliable bases and methodologies for environmental control, supporting the adoption of more restrictive policies.

Physiological Disturbances in Fish Exposed to Bleached Kraft Mill Effluents

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åke Larsson ◽  
T. Andersson ◽  
L. Förlin ◽  
J. Härdig
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase System ◽  
Induction Of Enzymes ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Kraft Mill ◽  
Area Of Influence ◽  
Bleached Kraft Mill Effluents

Physiological methods, previously used as health indicators in laboratory investigations on fish exposed to environmental pollutants, have been applied to feral fish inhabiting coastal waters polluted by bleached kraft mill effluents (BKME). The results show that BKME affect important physiological functions and thereby the state of health of the fish in the receiving body of water. Typical symptoms were reduced gonad growth, enlarged liver, strong induction of enzymes in the hepatic mixed function oxidase system, elevated content of ascorbic acid in liver tissue, altered carbohydrate metabolism, disturbed ion balance and marked effects on the red and white blood cell pattern. Good agreement was found between the toxic effects detected in fish exposed to BKME in nature and those observed in laboratory investigations. The toxic effects were most pronounced in fish living up to 4.5 km from the discharge source, but some disturbances could be observed even in fish caught 8-10 km from the kraft pulp plant. This indicates that the area of influence where the BKME exert biological effects is much larger than was previously considered.

scholarly journals Toxic effects of environmental pollutants: Comparative investigation using Allium cepa L. and Lactuca sativa L.

Chemosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciele Lurdes Silveira ◽  
Maria Gabriela Franco Lima ◽  
Gabriela Barreto dos Reis ◽  
Marcel José Palmieri ◽  
Larissa Fonseca Andrade-Vieria
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals Chromium(VI) Toxicity in Legume Plants: Modulation Effects of Rhizobial Symbiosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uliana Ya. Stambulska ◽  
Maria M. Bayliak ◽  
Volodymyr I. Lushchak
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Pigment Synthesis ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Rhizobial Symbiosis ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Legume Plants ◽  
Cellular Components

Most legume species have the ability to establish a symbiotic relationship with soil nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria that promote plant growth and productivity. There is an increasing evidence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) important role in formation of legume-rhizobium symbiosis and nodule functioning. Environmental pollutants such as chromium compounds can cause damage to rhizobia, legumes, and their symbiosis. In plants, toxic effects of chromium(VI) compounds are associated with the increased production of ROS and oxidative stress development as well as with inhibition of pigment synthesis and modification of virtually all cellular components. These metabolic changes result in inhibition of seed germination and seedling development as well as reduction of plant biomass and crop yield. However, if plants establish symbiosis with rhizobia, heavy metals are accumulated preferentially in nodules decreasing the toxicity of metals to the host plant. This review summarizes data on toxic effects of chromium on legume plants and legume-rhizobium symbiosis. In addition, we discussed the role of oxidative stress in both chromium toxicity and formation of rhizobial symbiosis and use of nodule bacteria for minimizing toxic effects of chromium on plants.

scholarly journals Determination of indoor air quality in collective living spaces utilizing Fuzzy logic analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-300
Author(s):  
Ahmet Cosgun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Negative Effects

Individuals have to work in collective living spaces which might be indoor or outdoor areas. In indoor works, people spend approximately 90% of their time in a closed space. There are many parameters affecting indoor air quality. Among these, for indoor and outdoor, important parameters can be listed as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), particles, nitrogen oxides (NOx), various microorganisms, harmful allergens, and powders. Some health problems might emerge in people who stay in indoor environments for a long time. For instance, newborns and infants are more likely to stay indoors. It is the primary reason for occurring many acute and chronic diseases at an early age, as babies and children are more sensitive to environmental pollutants. Recently published studies, which report that appendicitis failures might be fatal and air pollution can increase the rate of these failures, are remarkable. On the other hand, there are many negative effects of polluted indoor air on human health such as attention deficit and excessive daytime sleepiness. Moreover, the negative effects of this kind of indoor air quality on human learning and perception can not be neglected. The researchers focusing on indoor air quality are conducting studies showing that air pollution has an effect on physical activity and neurological interaction in humans. Even though air pollutants in outdoor air content were evaluated with fuzzy logic method in many studies, there are quite few studies using the fuzzy approach for indoor air quality. In this study, through the standard formula developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), calculations were made using fuzzy logic in MATLAB utilizing air quality index. In the study, indoor air quality measurement parameters were evaluated with the “Mamdani” method used in fuzzy logic. In the study, the model suitable for the logic structure created with the fuzzy tool in MATLAB was analyzed with the help of Mamdani method, and the suitability of evaluating the indoor air quality with artificial intelligence was investigated. A set of suggestions has been made evaluating and criticizing the results

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