The Techno-Bureaucratic Elite and the Entrepreneurial State in Dependent Industrialization

1983 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond D. Duvall ◽  
John R. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuations ◽  
Industrialization Process ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Role

A common characteristic of dependent industrializing countries is a substantial direct entrepreneurial role for the state. One explanation for this is that in dependent industrializing countries the system of allocation and production has been captured by a key group, the techno-bureaucratic elite. The argument is that this elite lends its political support to the state, in return for the state substituting as entrepreneur in the industrialization process.In this article we analyze the theoretical implications of this explanation of the entrepreneurial state. A formal model is constructed of the relationship between state entrepreneurship, material consequences for the techno-bureaucratic elite, and important domestic and international constraints. We then use deductive methods to analyze the logic of state entrepreneurship. Among other things, we show how cyclical fluctuations in the global economy are reflected in constantly changing levels of state entrepreneurship, and we investigate the consequences of alternative kinds of dependency syndromes for histories of entrepreneurial substitution and for streams of benefits to the techno-bureaucratic elite. It is demonstrated that there is an inverse relationship between the tendencies to reach stable levels of state entrepreneurship and the long-term potential for economic growth.

ISSUES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STATE BUDGET AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN UZBEKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 4-19
Author(s):  
Akmal Baltayevich Allakuliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
The State ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Macroeconomic Shocks ◽  
Dynamic Correlations ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the interaction of the country's GDP with the state budget in the short and long term, the impact of the macro-fiscal mechanism on the country's economic growth on the example of Uzbekistan.The aim of the study is to identify dynamic correlations between the country's state budget expenditures and the economic growth of the macro-fiscal mechanism in the short and long term, as well as to analyze the approximation or rate of return of GDP and the state budget to equilibrium during various macroeconomic shocks. and hesitation.The scientific novelties of the research are:

Ostatni będą pierwszymi? LNG w polityce energetycznej Rosji

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-120
Author(s):  
Szymon Kardaś
Keyword(s):  
Energy Markets ◽  
The State ◽  
External Energy ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Constant State ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the article is to analyze the current condition and development prospects for the Russian LNG sector. Taking into account the specifics of the functioning of the Russian state, the author chose the realistic paradigm (neoclassical realism), which is useful in the context of showing the relationship between internal structures and external activity of the state. The author argues that Russian expansion in the LNG sector is the result of the lobbying capacity of Novatek – the largest private gas producer in Russia. Although the state budget incurs significant costs related to the implementation of Novatek projects, in particular due to fiscal preferences, it also achieves the possibility of achieving the objectives in external and internal energy policy. Novatek’s expansion increases Russia’s share in external energy markets; at the same time LNG expansion, it is used for internal purposes. Novatek’s dominant position in the LNG sector is confirmed by both already implemented projects and plans for further expansion. The factors favoring Russian expansion are constant state support for Novatek projects, high level of internationalization of implemented projects and favorable forecasts on energy markets. The strong competition between currently dominant LNG producers and the risk of internal competition between Russian exporters are among the key long-term challenges.

War and the State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Ball
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
British State ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Welfare State

This chapter characterizes the relationship of the British state to war over the long term. It analyses two epistemic turning points for the war–state relationship, one occurring in the 1860s, the other in the 1970s. It explains the importance of war to the British state under the ‘fiscal security’ compromise.The chapter traces the long and uneven emergence of the ‘welfare state’ as a successor to the ‘warfare state’. It argues that the ‘warfare state’ paradigm loses much of its empirical and conceptual force if it were to be extended beyond 1970. The relationship of the state to war changed so fundamentally at that point that history, the chapter suggests, ceased to be a useful guide for future conduct.

scholarly journals Relationtionship of Authentic Leadership and Organisational Culture with Organisational Innovation in Pharmaceutical Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S4) ◽  
pp. 637-641
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Authentic Leadership ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Team Leaders ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between authentic leadership and organizational culture which organizational innovation under VUCA business environment.Organizations must foster organizational innovation in the organizations for their sustainability(Chen, Zheng, Yang, & Bai, 2016). Organizational Innovation is important for the continuity of organizations and organizations that do not innovate run a large risk to perish (Verlag, 2016).Organizational innovation is crucial for the survival of the organizations in the conditions and situations of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity prevalent in the current global economy. Business is facing more challenges in this VUCA environment, especially in the pharma sector. This environment demands to work on innovative ways to strengthen the competitive advantage and to sustain the businesses. Due to this environment, there is a need for continuous and sustainable innovation for long-term survival of the organizations. This study intends to give insights into the organizational culture and authentic leadership which have an influence on the organizational innovation. Design/methodology/approach – This study used positivist deductive approach. A deductive approach starts with well-defined theories and identified variables. A Survey was conducted with a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered to the employees working in R&D project teams in the pharma sector. Multiple regression was used to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings – Authentic leadership and Organizational culture showed significant relationship with the organizational innovation Practical implications – Organizations should focus on creating the authentic leadership skills among the project team leaders to reap maximal organizational innovation and have an organizational culture topromoting organizational fosters organizational innovation. The study has practical implications for both the top management and individual employee working in theresearch-intensiveprojects in the organizations. Originality/value – The findings contribute to theleadership, organizational culture,and innovation literature first by showing how authentic leadership influences organizational innovation and how the organizational culture play an important role in the organizational innovation in the pharma industry.

Bringing the State Back In: Studying Ukrainian Statehood in the 20th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
Markian Dobczansky ◽  
Simone Attilio Bellezza
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article introduces a special issue on Ukrainian statehood. Based on the conference “A Century of Ukrainian Statehoods: 1917 and Beyond” at the University of Toronto, the special issue examines the relationship between the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1920 and the Soviet Ukrainian state over the long term. The authors survey the history of the Ukrainian SSR and propose two points of emphasis: the need to study the promises of “national” and “social” liberation in tandem and the persistent presence of an “internal other” in Soviet Ukrainian history.

scholarly journals Bond Yields, Sovereign Risk and Maturity Structure

Risks ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Marcos González-Fernández ◽  
Carmen González-Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
Sovereign Risk ◽  
Bond Yields ◽  
Sovereign Bond ◽  
Time Variance ◽  
Maturity Structure ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this paper is to analyze the relation between maturity structure, sovereign bond yields and sovereign risk in the Economic and Monetary Union for the period of 1990–2013. The results confirm the existence of an inverse relationship between sovereign bond yields, sovereign risk and the maturity structure of sovereign debt, regardless of the proxy that is used to measure sovereign risk and the time variance of the variables employed. The results indicate that risk shortens the maturity structure of sovereign debt because it reduces the stock of long-term debt. The relationship between maturity structure and sovereign bond yields differs depending on the risk of the countries analyzed (non-monotonic relationship) and the differences between peripheral and core countries are greater for higher levels of the yields. If we control for the indebtedness level of these countries, the results show that the relationship between the sovereign bond yields and maturity strengthens as the debt level increases.

Punitive Welfare on the Margins of the State: Narratives of Punishment and (In)Justice in Masiphumelele

2020 ◽  
pp. 096466392092476
Author(s):  
Gail Super
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Structural Inequality ◽  
State Punishment ◽  
Popular Justice ◽  
Explicit Recognition ◽  
Slow Violence ◽  
The Relationship

While there is an established literature on the relationship between political economy and state punishment, there is less work on how punishment is constituted from below in contexts of inequality. This article analyses the discourse around incidents of lethal collective violence that occurred in 2015 in a former black township in South Africa. I use this as a lens for examining how punitive forms of popular justice interact with state punishment. Whether via the slow violence of structural inequality or the viscerally corporeal high rates of interpersonal violence, my interviewees were intimately acquainted with violence. Although they supported long-term imprisonment, none of them came across as stereotypical right-wing populists. Instead, they adopted complex positions, calling for a type of punitive welfarism, which combined harsh solutions to crime with explicit recognition of the importance of dealing with ‘root causes’. I argue that when the state is perceived to be failing to both impose punishment and provide welfare, violence becomes a technology of exchange, which simultaneously seeks both more punishment and more welfare. The result is an assemblage of exclusionary penal forms.

scholarly journals Studying soil-reclamation state of rice agricultural landscapes

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Malysheva ◽  
Sergey Kizinek ◽  
Anna Khadzhidi ◽  
Lyudmila Kravchenko ◽  
Valeriia Chegge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
The State ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Rice Soils ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Degree Type

The article presents studies of the soil-reclamation state of rice agricultural landscapes of Krasnodar Territory using the example of the Chernoyerovskaya irrigation system. The direction of changes in soil salinity over a long-term period was revealed. In the framework of monitoring the state of rice soils, salt survey was carried out. The degree, type and causes of their salinization have been determined, the relationship between the salt regime of soils and the regime of the level and chemical composition of groundwater has been established. Recommendations for managing the fertility of rice agricultural landscapes are given.

scholarly journals Anthropology and the State in Brazil: questions concerning a complex relationship

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos de Souza Lima ◽  
Caio Gonçalves Dias
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Third Moment

Abstract In this article we argue that, in order to understand the “attack” made on anthropology in Brazil, undertaken in the public sphere since the beginning of the second decade of the twenty-first century, we need to look at how anthropological knowledge has become disciplined and institutionalized in the medium to long term. We refer, in particular, to the relationship between what has been constituted as a “field of anthropology” and issues related to the public sphere. It is also necessary to consider the configuration with other institutionalized knowledge throughout the period spanning from the end of the nineteenth century to the present, with discontinuities but also with some important continuities. We look to show that the anthropology initially undertaken in Brazil was basically committed to furthering the interests of the agrarian-based political elites, a situation that continued from the turn of the nineteenth century to the twentieth century and into the first decades of the twenty-first, not only at the level of nation building, but also in the formation of the State. However, since the 1950s, and especially following creation of the new postgraduate courses in the late 1960s and early 1970s, anthropologists developed knowledge that led them to make an ethical and moral commitment to the communities with which they worked, combined with a critique of the military regime’s developmentalism and dictatorial authoritarianism. During a third moment ranging from the constituent process to the present, a portion of Brazilian anthropologists began to work directly in the recognition of rights constitutionally assigned to differentiated collectivities, generating a growing and progressive zone of friction with the hegemonic sectors at the economic-political level.

scholarly journals Behavioural Practices and Procurement Performance in Uganda

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayub Masaba Kutosi ◽  
Muhwezi Moses ◽  
Sarah Eya
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Opportunistic Behaviour ◽  
Contracting Process ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the above reforms in procurement processes in Uganda’s State owned Enterprises, public procurement performance has not improved. This has consequently led to poor performance of State owned Enterprises. There have been allegations of a presence of opportunistic behaviour of procurement officers, absence of trust and mal practices like corruption and bribery by the contracting parties in the State owned Enterprises. This paper presents a study on the relationship between Behavioural practices and Procurement Performance in Uganda’s State owned Enterprises. This was a quantitative study confined to the area of behavioural practices and procurement performance of 20 State Owned Enterprises where each contributed 8 respondents making a total of 160. Data were collected, analyzed and presented using quantitative techniques. Correlation results show that there is a significant positive relationship between behavioural practices and procurement performance (r =.533**, p<.01). These results further highlight the fact that if elements of behavioural practices especially if Trust is well addressed, the institutions will realize an improvement in the procurement performance. This is because trust was found to be a very strong factor in determining behavioural practices. Further the regression model shows that Behavioural practices can significantly predict procurement performance in SOEs (Beta= .399, Sig. =.000). We recommend that, the behaviour of those involved in the contracting process must be checked. This can be through reference checks and selecting people with a proven record of integrity. Trust should be emphasized by both the State owned Enterprises and their respective providers in order to build a positive long-term relationship. Acts like deceit, cynicism and flattery must also be avoided at all costs.

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