Labor Violence and Regime Brutality in Tsarist Russia: The Iuzovka Cholera Riots of 1892

Slavic Review ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore H. Friedgut
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Early History ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
History Of ◽  
Labor Violence ◽  
The Many

Recent monographs on Russian social development have raised a number of hypotheses regarding our general understanding of processes of political and social change. In his volume on the early history of Russian workers Reginald Zelnik, for instance, proposes that moderate labor unrest reinforced traditional repressive patterns, while extreme conflicts motivated innovative reform. In the work of Robert E. Johnson and of Victoria Bonnell we find the suggestion that workers in small-scale enterprises and artisan shops were often more radical and organized than those in larger industrial enterprises. The fragmented and antagonistic nature of Russian society, with multiple splits of both an intergroup and intragroup nature, has been noted in the work of both Roberta Manning and Allan Wildman. Diane Koenker, focusing her research on the period of the 1917 revolutions, has brought out the moderating and integrating effect of the urban setting on Russian workers. These are only a few of the many thought-provoking hypotheses that have been raised.

ENTOMOLOGY. No. II

1871 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
William Couper
Keyword(s):  
Early History ◽  
Nest Structure ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

In a former paper, I have briefly referred to the Peculiarity of nest structure made by the larvæof our large Lepidopterous Nocturnal insects, in order to show that an attempt should be made to separate species on the similarity of form and texture of these structures. No doubt, when Entomology becomes thoroughly studied throughout the Dominion, much of the confusion in our prsent generic classification will be removed by means of investigations into the early history of larvæ and imagines of the many genera.

Friends and Foes (1099–1129)

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-87
Author(s):  
Nicholas Morton
Keyword(s):  
Near East ◽  
Early History ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Real Possibility ◽  
First Crusade ◽  
History Of ◽  
Crusader States ◽  
City States ◽  
The Many ◽  
Complete Collapse

Chapter 2 Friends and Foes discusses the Crusader States’ closest neighbours in the early years of the twelfth century. On their southern borders the Franks confronted the Egyptian Fatimid Empire and it will be shown here how the the Franks managed to overcome the many attacks launched against them by Fatimid commanders. On their eastern borders, the Franks faced the Turkish city-states of Damascus and Aleppo. This chapter shows how the Turks were never able to unite against the Franks due both to their continued infighting and to the many other threats to their rule. This was an era where the complete collapse of Turkish authority across Syria was a very real possibility, driven by Frankish attacks as well as by many local rebellions. In this environment, mere survival was often the goal steering these Turkish leaders’ policies and it was frequently in their interests to manage the threat posed by the Crusader States by diplomatic means rather than seeking to drive them out of the Near East altogether. Further North, in the wake of the First Crusade, the Armenian lords of Cilicia and Southern Anatolia seized the opportunity to drive back Turkish authority, but they then had to negotiate new relationships for themselves with the Crusader States. These included moments of both conflict and rivalry as well as and friendship and accord. The early history of their interactions is examined in detail.

Fallen Patriots

Eternal Dawn ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 17-61
Author(s):  
Ryan Gingeras
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Early History ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Young Turks ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

No appreciation for the early history of the Turkish Republic can begin without a proper understanding of the origins, desires, and tribulations of the Young Turks. Their era by no means constituted a mere placeholder or prologue to the dramatic events that occurred thereafter. Turkey, as it came to be defined philosophically, was the unintended offspring of this movement. The most profound attributes of Atatürk’s state, its thirst for radical social change, its predilection for chauvinistic nationalism, and its oligarchic structure, descended directly from the Committee of Union and Progress’ approach towards politics. Ultimately, their displacement from the imperial stage allowed for Mustafa Kemal to rise to prominence and paved the way for an altogether new regime.

The religious and philosophical signicance of the ‘Hsiang erh’ Lao tzu in the light of the Ma-wang-tui silk manuscripts

1982 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Boltz
Keyword(s):  
British Museum ◽  
Han Dynasty ◽  
Early History ◽  
Lao Tzu ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Among the many texts and manuscripts that Sir Aurel Stein brought to London from the Grottoes of the Thousand Buddhas at Tun-huang early in this century was a text of the first half of the Lao tzu (chapters 1–37 of the standard, received version of the text) with a commentary known as the Hsiang erh chu (Stein MS 6825 in the British Museum). This document has attracted considerable scholarly interest because of its ostensible connexion with the origins and early history of Celestial Master (t'ien shih ) Taoism in the Later Han dynasty. Lu Te-ming (c. 550–c. 630) listed the Hsiang erh chu as a commentary to the Lao tzu in his Ching tien shih wen, and said that accordingto one tradition it was written by Chang Lu (d. 216). This is the earliest known suggestion that the Hsiang erh chu is a text of the Celestial Master school.

Turkey’s Small Capital, A Player from the Start: Relations with the State and Big Capital

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-108
Author(s):  
EMRE BALIKÇI
Keyword(s):  
State Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
Early History ◽  
Business History ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
State Involvement ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Shed Light

This article aims to shed light on the early history of small-scale capital in Turkey. Turkey’s paradigm of development in the 1960s and 1970s, as in other belatedly industrializing countries, meant active state involvement, generally in favor of big capital. This emphasis on the large players has caused small capital’s influence on the era’s state policies to be largely overlooked. This article argues that small capital, popularized in the 1990s with the concept “Anatolian capital,” has deeper roots in Turkish economic and business history than formerly thought.

Reply

Slavic Review ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-238
Author(s):  
Francis Dvornik
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
Early History ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

There are few events in history which had such a profound influence on the cultural development of so many nations as had the Byzantine mission to Moravia. Although the mission failed in the country for which it had been destined, the work of the two Greek brothers, aided by a few disciples, produced unexpected fruit among the Bulgarians, Serbians, Croats, and Eastern Slavs, and became the basis of the oldest Christian Slavic culture. This shows us the excellence of the first literary achievements in Moravia and testifies to the geniality of the inventor of the Slavic alphabet, and to Constantine’s extraordinary philological talent. A mediocre work could not have survived the Moravian catastrophe and the many upheavals in the early history of the southern and eastern Slavs.

scholarly journals The early history of the Jicamarca Radio Observatory and the incoherent scatter technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-266
Author(s):  
Ronald F. Woodman ◽  
Donald T. Farley ◽  
Ben B. Balsley ◽  
Marco A. Milla
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Equatorial Ionosphere ◽  
Early History ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Research Facility ◽  
Radio Observatory ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Incoherent Scatter ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Abstract. The purpose of these historical notes is to present the early history of the Jicamarca Radio Observatory (JRO), a research facility that has been conducting observations and studies of the equatorial ionosphere for more than 50 years. We have limited the scope of these notes to the period of the construction of the observatory and roughly the first decade of its operation. Specifically, this period corresponds to the directorships under Kenneth Bowles, Donald Farley, and Tor Hagfors and the first period of Ronald Woodman, i.e., the years between 1960 and 1974. Within this time frame, we will emphasize observational and instrumental developments which led to define the capabilities of the Jicamarca incoherent scatter (IS) radar to measure the different physical parameters of the ionosphere. At the same time, we partially cover the early history of the IS technique which has been used by many other observatories built since. We will also briefly mention the observatory's early and most important contributions to our understanding of the physical mechanisms behind the many peculiar phenomena that occur at the magnetic Equator. Finally, we will put special emphasis on the important developments of the instrument and its observing techniques that frame the capabilities of the radar at that time.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive Holes
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early History ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arabic Dialects ◽  
Early Occurrence

This chapter outlines the scholarly background of the study of Arabic historical dialectology, and addresses the following issues: the early history of Arabic: myth and reality; the definition and exemplification of ‘Middle Arabic’ and ‘Mixed Arabic through history’; evidence for the early occurrence of certain Arabic dialectal features; examples of substrates and borrowing in Arabic dialects; the dialect geography of Arabic and its typology, especially the ‘sedentary’ and ‘bedouin’ divide; how and why dialects have undergone change, large-scale and small-scale, and the causative social factors; a classification of the typology of internal linguistic change in Arabic; causes of the social indexicalization of dialectal features of Arabic; examples of the pidginization and creolization of Arabic, and the reasons for the apparent rarity of this phenomenon.

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