Ovid on Reading: Reading Ovid. Reception in OvidTristiaII

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 19-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
Ars Amatoria ◽  
As If

In this paper I propose to consider Ovid's poem as a document of literary criticism, which offers us a striking treatment of the role of the audience in reception. Ovid's concerns are twofold: on the one hand he is concerned with the ostensible manner in which his own works have been read, but he also discusses a wide range of other texts, and in doing so, offers readings of them, which, I will argue, illustrate the open-ended nature of reception and meaning.Now, undoubtedly we are sometimes too willing to label works as ‘anti-Augustan’ or ‘Augustan’, as if that was all that could be said about them; the glib use of such terms often seems to obscure more complex and more interesting questions (theAeneidand theGeorgicsare familiar examples). But with Ovid, however, such issues are at least raised by the poet himself, since the exile poems do deal with Ovid's attitude to Augustus, and the twin possibilities of writing poetry which can offend the emperor, or which can please him. Now while Ovid's famous explanation of the causes of his exile as ‘carmen et error’ (Trist.2.207) may perhaps be a smokescreen — Ovid adducing theArs Amatoriaas his fault in order not to have to go into the details of what theerrorwas that had offended Augustus —Tristia2 must still be considered on its own terms; Ovid writes as if it is possible for Augustus to be offended by his poetry, and therefore the issue is an important one.

Transformed Relationships: Reconciliation as the Central Model for Mission Des relations transformées : la réconciliation comme modèle central pour la mission Veränderte Beziehungen: Versöhnung als zentrales Modell für Mission Relaciones transformadas: La reconciliación como el modelo central para la misión

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Langmead
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Christian Mission ◽  
Mission Of God ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Theology Of Mission ◽  
The One ◽  
Sobre Todo

AbstractThis paper argues that reconciliation can function as an integrating metaphor (or model) for Christian mission. The mission of God is for transformed relationships in all dimensions – between humans and God, between humans, and between humans and creation. Reconciliation is all about setting things right. Used metaphorically in the theology of mission it beautifully covers and draws together a wide range of ideas which, it is argued, are simply facets of the one mission of God for reconciliation. The paper analyses the role of metaphor in theology. It considers biblical terms related to reconciliation, such as sacrificial atonement, shalom, justice and peacemaking. It then considers five dimensions of Christian mission to illustrate the integrative power of reconciliation as a governing metaphor for mission: conversion as reconciliation, international peacemaking, reconciliation between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples, reconciliation between Christians and reconciliation with creation. Cet article soutient que la réconciliation peut fonctionner comme métaphore d'intégration (ou modèle) pour la mission chrétienne. Le but de la mission de Dieu est de transformer les relations dans toutes leurs dimensions – entre les êtres humains et Dieu, entre les humains eux-mêmes et entre eux et la création. Le but de la réconciliation est de tout remettre droit. Utilisée comme métaphore en théologie de la mission, elle recouvre et rassemble magnifiquement tout un éventail d'idées qui ne sont que des facettes de l'unique mission de réconciliation de Dieu, dit notre auteur. L'article analyse le rôle de la métaphore en théologie. Il examine les termes bibliques ayant trait à la réconciliation tels que le sacrifice d'expiation, le shalom, la justice, la construction de la paix. Il reprend ensuite cinq dimensions de la mission chrétienne, pour illustrer la force d'intégration de la réconciliation considérée comme métaphore de la mission : la conversion comme réconciliation, la construction de la paix internationale, la réconciliation entre les peuples indigènes et les non indigènes, la réconciliation entre chrétiens et la réconciliation avec la création. Dieser Beitrag behauptet, dass Versöhnung als eine integrierende Metapher (oder Modell) für christliche Mission funktionieren kann. Die Mission Gottes zielt auf veränderte Beziehungen in allen Bereichen – zwischen den Menschen und Gott, zwischenmenschlich und zwischen dem Menschen und der Schöpfung. Versöhnung bedeutet alle Dinge in die rechte Beziehung zu setzen. Wenn man sie metaphorisch in der Missionstheologie verwendet, schließt sie sehr schön einen weiten Bereich von Ideen ein und bringt sie zusammen, weil sie, so wird behauptet, einfach Facetten der einen Mission Gottes für Versöhnung darstellen. Der Artikel analysiert die Rolle von Metaphern in der Theologie. Er untersucht biblische Begriffe mit Bezug auf Versöhnung, wie Vergebung durch Opfer, Schalom, Gerechtigkeit, Friedensarbeit. Dann überlegt der Artikel fünf Dimensionen der christlichen Mission, um die Integrationsfähigkeiten von Versöhnung als Hauptmetapher für Mission zu beschreiben: Bekehrung als Versöhnung, internationale Friedensarbeit, Versöhnung zwischen einheimischen und nicht-einheimischen Völkern, Versöhnung unter Christen und Versöhnung mit der Schöpfung. Este artículo propone que la reconciliación puede funcionar como una metáfora (o modelo) integrante para la misión cristiana. La misión de Dios se dirige a relaciones transformadas en todas las dimensiones – entre los seres humanos y Dios, entre la gente y entre los humanos y la creación. La reconciliación tiene que ver sobre todo con articular las cosas de manera correcta. Cuando se la usa metafóricamente en la teología de la misión, ella cubre bellamente y junta una amplia gama de ideas que, según se propone, son simplemente facetas de la única misión de Dios por la reconciliación. Este artículo analiza el papel de una metáfora en teología. Considera los términos relacionados con reconciliación, como son la expiación sacrificial, shalom, justicia, hacer las paces. A continuación considera cinco dimensiones de la misión cristiana para ilustrar el poder de integración de la reconciliación como una metáfora central para la misión: la conversión como reconciliación, el trabajo internacional por la paz, la reconciliación entre pueblos indígenas y no-indígenas, la reconciliación entre cristianos y la reconciliación con la creación.

scholarly journals Music code of poetry Dmitry Kremeny

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Olha Petrenko
Keyword(s):  
World Music ◽  
Music Culture ◽  
Semantic Richness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Poetic Texts ◽  
The One ◽  
Musical Cues

The article deals with the role of musical images in the poetry of Dmitry Kremen. The subject of study is the music code, which is present in many works of the poet. Musical signs, symbols, links play a significant role in vocabulary, phraseology and other ways of poetic expressiveness. Familiarity with the subject world of D. Kremin's poetic texts includes a wide range of concepts related to the world of sounds. The additional accents of a musical-conceptual thesaurus arise when musical cues form certain speech turns that acquire the meaning of metaphors. Musical signs in the lyrics of Dmitry Kremin imply awareness of a wide range of sound associations, which the poet interprets from the standpoint of his own value attitude to them. Beethoven, Chopin, Mozart are the names-symbols of the world music culture, which occupy a significant place in the thesaurus of Dmitry Kremin's poetic texts. Behind these subject designations lies the vast world of artistic and figurative generalization and lyrical and philosophical reflections that are gaining coded meaning. Familiarity with the poetry of Dmitry Kremin proves that the leitmotif of many of his texts is the image of a violin, which acquires different semantic shades. Thus, in Beethoven's poetry, the poet emphasizes the value of music as a special language, devoid of words, but empowered to embody emotional and semantic richness, and therefore capable of being the language of angels. Music code the poetry of Dmitry Kremen is a multidimensional system in which the concept of "music" acts as a concept as a set of meaningful characters and their semantic meanings. In the process of decoding Dmitry Kremin's poetry, one can discover the deep semantic loads of the musical code, on the one hand – as the embodiment of the categories of high, sublime, valuable and eternal in the human sense, on the other – as a symbol of the extra-material, mystical, language of which the angels speak. Decoding the poet's texts is the process of extracting recognition codes and perception codes. The codes of perception in the poetry of Dmitry Kremenya are meaningful loads of texts, its semantic components, which highlight the deep meanings of texts. Through the musical code, the poet embodies the content of the categories of the sublime and the beautiful. The music code shows the understanding of poetry of Dmitry Kremenin a deeply metaphorical sense.

scholarly journals Pozycja i rola Komisji Europejskiej w procedurze ochrony budżetu UE w przypadku uogólnionych braków w zakresie praworządności w państwach członkowskich

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Karol Piwoński
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this article is to analyse the position and role of the European Commission in the procedure provided in the regulation on a general regime of conditionality for the protection of the European Union’s budget. For this purpose the scheme of this procedure was analysed, by interpreting the relevant regulations using the dogmatic method and considering opinions of the EU institutions and views of the scholars. A comparative method has also been applied. The new position of the Commission in the procedure for protection of the EU budget has been compared with the position it plays in the existing instruments. The analysis made from the point of view of the position of individual institutions in the new procedure, although it does not allow predicting how they will be implemented. The conducted analysis demonstrates that the European Commission – an institution of Community character – has gained wide competences, and in applying them it has been given a wide range of discretion. On the one hand, the introduced regulations exemplify a new paradigm in creating mechanisms for protection of the rule of law. On the other hand, they raise doubts as to their compliance with EU law. However, they undoubtedly constitute a decisive step towards increasing the effectiveness of the EU's instruments for the rule of law protection.

scholarly journals LC-MSMS based screening of emerging pollutant degradation by different peroxidases

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadega A. Almaqdi ◽  
Rana Morsi ◽  
Bahia Alhayuti ◽  
Farah Alharthi ◽  
S. Salman Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Emerging Pollutants ◽  
Redox Mediator ◽  
Soybean Peroxidase ◽  
Emerging Pollutant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
Treatment Step

Abstract Background The presence of a wide range of bioactive organic pollutants in wastewater and municipal water sources is raising concerns about their potential effects on humans. Not surprisingly, various approaches are being explored that can efficiently degrade these persistent organic pollutants. Use of peroxidases has recently been recognized as a novel remediation approach that may have potential advantages over conventional degradation techniques. However, testing the abilities of different peroxidases to degrade diverse emerging pollutants is tedious and cumbersome. Results In the present study, we present a rapid and robust approach to easily test the degradability of 21 different emerging pollutants by five different peroxidases (soybean peroxidase, chloroperoxidase, lactoperoxidase, manganese peroxidase, and horseradish peroxidase) using an LC-MSMS approach. Furthermore, this approach was also used to examine the role of a redox mediator in these enzymatic degradation assays. Our results show that some of the organic pollutants can be easily degraded by all five of the peroxidases tested, whereas others are only degraded by a specific peroxidase (or when a redox mediator was present) and there are some that are completely resistant to degradation by any of the peroxidases tested (even in the presence of a redox mediator). The degradation of furosemide and trimethoprim by soybean peroxidase and chloroperoxidase, respectively, was investigated in detail by examining the transformation products generated during their degradation. Some of the products generated during enzymatic breakdown of these pollutants have been previously reported by others, however, we report many new transformation products. Conclusions LC-MSMS approaches, like the one described here, can be used to rapidly evaluate the potential of different peroxidases (and redox requirements) to be used as bioremediation agents. Our preliminary result shows peroxidases hold tremendous potential for being used in a final wastewater treatment step.

scholarly journals Appeal to the Witness. The Role of Romanian Post-Communist Witness Literature in Outlining National (Self-)Images

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Laura Sasu
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
Witness Literature ◽  
The One ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
National Images

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to identify and investigate the role of Romanian post-communist witness literature for contemporary historiography in outlining national and social (self-)images. This type of literature, written mostly by former political detainees, is perceived by literary criticism as a specific borderline segment partly relevant as historical documents and partly as literary texts. Applying the conceptual pattern coined by Giorgio Agamben. in his analysis based upon the national socialist concentration camp, to post-communist depositional literature reveals two focal directions of imagological relevance: on the one hand, the points of similarity and difference of totalitarian practices in creating stereotypes, cultivating the sense of absolute antagonist otherness and promoting distorted ethnic, social and national images and. on the other hand, the particular contributions and limitations posed by the post-totalitarian depositional discourse in (re)-creating national and social (self-)images.

scholarly journals The irony as a sense of reality (on the example of the short stories of O. Konyskyi)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Nadiia Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Dominant Feature ◽  
Sense Of Reality ◽  
Empirical Research Methods ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The article deals with the analysis of the short stories by O. Konyskyi from the point of view of irony functioning in them. S. Kierkegaard compared irony to divine madness, which, like Tamerlane, did not leave a stone unturned, because “in the irony, negativity takes precedence over positivity, freedom over necessity”. In the modern literary criticism, irony is seen, on the one hand, as an aesthetic category, the characteristic feature of which is the lack of care to make the reader laugh; it is primarily a matter of marking of the author’s perception of reality (“Ironic meaning” by S. Pokhodnia). On the other hand — irony is viewed as a stylistic figure, which is based on allegory and which testifies to the potential of the individual authorial style. However, in both cases, to understand the true meaning of an ironic statement, it is necessary to have a context, which is its main semantic background. In a number of works by O. Konyskyi, irony serves as a means to express certain traits of character and behaviour of the character and is exemplified through epithets and comparisons. Less often, it becomes a means to construct the text and a plot-forming factor, as is in the story “And we are people!” The subject of the study is irony as a complex (two-tier) message, the purpose to understand the hidden content of which requires context. The object of the literary analysis is comprised of the short stories by O. Konyskyi, that have not yet been considered from this point of view. The latter fact informs the novelty of the study. The purpose of the article is to clarify the place and the role of irony in the bulk of short stories by this writer. The outlined goal determines reaching the following objectives: to trace the dynamics of the apperiance of different types of irony in the short stories by O. Konyskyi; to identity the dependence of the frequency and the form the ironic expression; to find out the influence of the author’s ironic approach on the form the work. As a result of the analysis by means of the approaches of biographical, historical-literary and empirical research methods, it was possible to find out: despite the fact that irony is not a dominant feature of O. Konyskyi’s worldview, in his short stories works with textual irony stand out.

Expressive Features of Author Subjectivity in the Literary Ego-Text (Roman Senchin’s What Do You Want?)

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
Olga Yu. Shum ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Real ◽  
Political Commentary ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Family Chronicle ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All

The modern literary process indicates the presence of a large number of fiction with documentary subcurrent: facts from the author’s biography are a very slight hyperbolization. An example of such work would be the novel What Do You Want? (2013) by a contemporary Russian writer Roman Senchin, which became the subject of consideration in this article. The synthesis of auto-documentary and literary principles in the story organizes self-narration with unsteady boundaries between the real (“factual”) and the fictional (“fictitious”). The specificity of the correlation of the factual and the fictitious is examined in this work using the method of literary criticism and contextual analysis. The immediate aim of the article is to identify the specificity of expressing the implicit method of author subjectivity in non-fiction. In the author’s opinion, the implicit way of expressing the reflective type of author subjectivity fits more harmoniously into the literary fabric of the work, enriching it with subtexts and hidden meanings. In the course of the study it has been determined that although the center of the story revolves around the everyday life of an ordinary Moscow family, Senchin’s work is not a slice-of-life novel, but a political commentary. The theme of What Do You Want?” is sociopolitical, the problematics are sociocultural. The narration of the novel undergoes an intense analyzing and coming to terms with the sociopolitical events that are highlighted in almost all of the scenes. The text implies that the writer comprehends his own political position and interprets its cause-effect relationships. In order to distance himself as much as possible from his own identity, Senchin uses the technique of “externalizing” and “assigns” the role of the narrator to a teenage girl Dasha, the prototype of which he himself cannot be. Dasha, being a narrator-observer, asks questions, including the one from the title, to herself and other characters, including the father “Roman Senchin”. The time frame for the narration is precisely established: 18 December 2011 – 26 February 2012; each part of the text is a certain day, there are six in total. However, it is not clear who marked the specific days – the real author of the story or, as he conceived, the narrator Dasha. The autofiction method of “externalizing” in combination with the factual plot allows considering What Do You Want? as an ego-text, which in its genre form is something between an excerpt from a family chronicle and a diary. Autofiction in the form of an ego-text allows the writer to implicate his reflection, organizing a space for discussion of the unquestioning “Roman Senchin” (his alter ego) and the doubting Dasha within a kind of a “mental diary” – a space of consciousness in which the author-subject and the narrator are united. “Bringing to light” this “mental” diary, the writer redirects it to a wide range of readers and thus shifts the story from the field of “literature without fiction” to the sphere of art

Christian Theologies of Salvation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin S. Holcomb
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Church History ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Christian Tradition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Historical Periods

This book introduces the reader to the great variety of distinctive interpretations within the Christian tradition regarding theologies of salvation, distinctive interpretations expressed by a wide range of Christian theologians. Christian theology is reflection on the one whom Christians confess as Lord and Savior. This reflection has been informed by the interest in salvation. The role of soteriology is to show why and how Jesus is significant. All Christian theologians would agree that Jesus Christ is the one through whom salvation comes, but to explain what that means has been debated throughout the tradition. Various contributors from a wide variety of Christian traditions address theologies of salvation, each bringing his or her own expertise to bear on theologies of the salvation as expressed in the work of specific theologians and in historical periods of church history, as well as cultural and sociological perspectives of the present. The theologies of the salvation are addressed from several angles—theological, historical, pastoral, and others. While there are many different perspectives regarding theologies of salvation, the recurring unifying theme is the role of the Trinity and the focus on the person and work of Jesus Christ.

scholarly journals SYNTAX AS AN OBJECT OF PARODY

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Boris Ju. Norman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Speech Styles ◽  
Text Collections ◽  
The One ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Communicative Effect ◽  
Linguistic Units

In the mind of the native speaker, there is an idea of the syntactic “optimum”, which allows them to use linguistic units most effectively to achieve a desired communicative effect. It contains a set of pieces of intuitive (“naïve”) knowledge about the parameters of the sentence, the organization of its structure, the rules of correspondence of lexical and grammatical meanings, etc. Deviations from this optimum can become independent objects of not only scholarly research, but also parody in a literary text. The article analyzes the problem lying on the borderline between linguistics, literary criticism and psychology: What syntactic features of the original text are enhanced or hyperbolized in parody? Analysis of numerous examples from Russian fiction allows the author to make a conclusion about the metalinguistic significance of certain features of the structure of the text. Collections of literary parodies (by A. Arkhangelsky, A. Ivanov, etc.) were subject to a special (continuous) analysis. The following syntactic phenomena were identified as the object and reason for their reflection in the parodies: a) excessive length of the sentence; b) artificial complication of its structure, specifically by means of chains of consecutive subordination, homogeneous members, abundance of epithets, etc.; c) absolutization of elements of oral, official and other speech styles, including the “telegraph style”; d) violation of the isosemy rule; e) non-realization of obligatory syntactic valency (unmotivated ellipsis); f) separation from the sentence of its part (parcellation), etc. These phenomena, used systematically, obtain a linguo-psychological characterization of salience (identifiability against the general background). As a result of the study, the author made up a list of syntactic facts that acquire the role of secondary signs in a work of fiction, along with other stylistic categories. Such a list, on the one hand, is intended to serve the convergence of scholarly (“academic”) and mass (“secondary school”) grammar, and, on the other hand, is of interest to experimental psychology, which studies the problems of perception and comprehension of the text.

Fiction concept by Hans Vaihinger

2017 ◽  
pp. 447-458
Author(s):  
Zeljko Radinkovic
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Theory ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Critical Account ◽  
The One ◽  
As If

This text primarily deals with Hans Vaihinger?s fiction theory. Emphasizing the central role of scientific fiction in that theory, it attempts to give a critical account of Vaihinger?s philosophical theory of ?As if?. On the one hand, this analysis of the philosophy of ?As if? includes conceptual delimitation between the notion of fiction and concepts of fantasy, hypothesis, and regulatory ideas. On the other hand, it points out to some problems related to Vaihinger?s constructivist-pragmatic approach to the problem of fiction, such as a tendency towards an unreasonable extension of the notion of fiction, and a tendency towards the integration of other forms of fictionality into scientific fiction.

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