Special Items: A Descriptive Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Johnson ◽  
Thomas J. Lopez ◽  
Juan Manuel Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Firm Value ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Earnings ◽  
Special Items ◽  
Increasing Function ◽  
Frequency Magnitude

SYNOPSIS We provide a comprehensive analysis of special items and the characteristics of the firms that recognize them. Our analysis reveals that the temporal frequency, magnitude, and persistence of special items has increased significantly in the last 30 years, and that such increases are primarily driven by negative special items. More recently, however, our evidence is consistent with both a decline in frequency and magnitude of negative special items. On the other hand, we find that the frequency of reporting of positive special items, which remained relatively constant through 2002, has increased in more recent years. We also find strong evidence that subsequent special item reporting is an increasing function of the frequency of “prior” special item reporting. Using a random subsample of firms reporting special items, we document that 22 percent of the amounts reported in Compustat do not reconcile with the amounts reported on the firms' actual financial statements. Our comprehensive analysis should be of interest to regulators, academics, and managers interested in the implications of special items on firm-related consequences such as future earnings and firm value. Our examination can also serve as a catalyst for researchers interested in extending this important area of inquiry.

The Persistence and Market Valuation of Recurring Nonrecurring Items

2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1577-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Cready ◽  
Thomas J. Lopez ◽  
Craig A. Sisneros
Keyword(s):  
Market Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Valuation ◽  
Future Earnings ◽  
Special Items ◽  
Market Values

ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the persistence and market value implications of a subset of nonrecurring charges that are atypical due to repeated occurrence. The increased recurrence of supposedly nonrecurring items perhaps reflects managerial shifting of (more permanent) ordinary expenses to a transitory category or, alternatively, may reflect an environment where these items naturally occur more frequently. Either scenario suggests that these repetitive charges have future earnings implications dramatically different from truly nonrecurring events and should therefore be valued more like a recurring component of earnings. Consistent with this notion, we find that as the frequency of reporting negative special items increases (measured by the presence of multiple prior charges), the persistence of these items significantly increases with respect to future earnings. Our evidence also suggests that the valuation multiple on such charges increases with frequency. That is, the market values “recurring nonrecurring” items more like the other components of recurring earnings.

scholarly journals The Effect of Solvency, Profitability, and Working Capital on Firm Value: Case Studies on Industrial Companies in IDX 2015-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-363
Author(s):  
Andini Nurwulandari
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
Sampling Process

The publication of the financial statements (issuers) of the company is a time waiting for investors in the capital market, as investors will find out the progress of issuance, as a consideration for purchasing or selling their own shares, when publishing these financial reporting statements. This research uses quantitative techniques with descriptive interpretation. Data sources include company-owned financial data reports collected from the IDX and published online, as well as conducting library analysis by collecting data from the writing of related books and journals. The type of data used in the study is secondary data from 2015-2019 which was collected through a purposive sampling process. Statistical Descriptive Analysis and Mulicollinearity Test. From this research, it can be seen that the rate of working capital turnover, solvency and capital structure affect firm value, while profitability does not affect firm value.

scholarly journals ANALISIS LEVERAGE DAN AKTIVITAS DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PROFITABILITAS PADA PT ASTRA OTOPARTS, Tbk YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Deby Rizki Amanda Lubis ◽  
Jubi Jubi ◽  
Ady Inrawan ◽  
Ernest Grace
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The Other ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Accounts Receivable ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

The purpose of this research to know: 1.  The description of leverage, activity and profitability at PT Astra Otoparts, Tbk which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. 2. What factors are cause profitability at PT Astra Otoparts, Tbk which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange tend to decline.   This research was conducted using Qualitative Descriptive Analysis and Inductive Analysis. This research was conducted based on secondary data from company financial statements obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange.        The results of the study can be concluded that: 1. Leverage as measured by Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR) fluctuates and tends to increase. 2. Activities measured by Working Capital Turnover (WCT) fluctuate and tend to increase. 3. Profitability as measured by fluctuating Return On Assets (ROA) tends to decrease. 4. Factors that cause decreased profitability are increased business debt, increased inventory and increased cost of goods sold so that the resulting profit decreases.            The results of the study suggest: 1. It is best if the company needs to review the use of corporate debt in financing its activities by carrying out control of accounts receivable and strict supervision and evaluation periodically, so that the risk of such debts can be minimized. 2. It is better for the company to pay more attention to the management of supplies effectively and efficiently so as to produce increased sales. Effective inventory management also needs to pay attention to inventory storage so as not to overload, both obsolete inventory and unsold inventory. 3. It is better for the company to pay more attention to using its assets to generate high sales accompanied by an increase in profit after tax owned by the company to produce good profits. On the other hand the company must also consider the level of operating expenses so as not to over-pressure profits. Keywords: Leverage, Activity, and Profitability

Pengaruh Kotbah, Musik Gereja Dan Fasilitas Gereja Terhadap Tingkat Kehadiran Jemaat

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Frederich Oscar Lontoh
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Church Music ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Target Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
The City

This research is titled " The influence of sermon, church music and church facilities on the level of attendance”. The purpose of research is to identify and analyze whether sermon, church music and church facilities have influence on the the level of attendance. The target population in this study is a Christian church members who live in the city of Surabaya.. Sample required is equal to 47 respondents. Through sampling stratified Random techniques.These influence was measured using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis, t-test and analysis of variance. Descriptive  analysis  were taken to analyze the level of attendance according to demographic groups.The hypothesis in this study are the sermon, church music and church facilities have positive and significant on the level of attendance. The results showed that collectively, there are positive and significant correlation among the sermon, church music and church facilities on the level of attendance  96,2%. It means that 96,2 % of level of attendance influenced by sermon, church music and church facilities and the other 28,9% by others. All of the variable partially have significant correlation to level of attendance.

scholarly journals A comprehensive analysis of novel disulfide bond introduction site into the constant domain of human Fab

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Nakamura ◽  
Moeka Yoshikawa ◽  
Naoko Oda-Ueda ◽  
Tadashi Ueda ◽  
Takatoshi Ohkuri
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Pichia Pastoris ◽  
Protein Stability ◽  
Disulfide Bond ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Constant Domain ◽  
Intermolecular Disulfide Bond ◽  
Sds Page

AbstractGenerally, intermolecular disulfide bond contribute to the conformational protein stability. To identify sites where intermolecular disulfide bond can be introduced into the Fab’s constant domain of the therapeutic IgG, Fab mutants were predicted using the MOE software, a molecular simulator, and expressed in Pichia pastoris. SDS-PAGE analysis of the prepared Fab mutants from P. pastoris indicated that among the nine analyzed Fab mutants, the F130C(H):Q124C(L), F174C(H):S176C(L), V177C(H):Q160C(L), F174C(H):S162C(L), F130C(H):S121C(L), and A145C(H):F116C(L) mutants mostly formed intermolecular disulfide bond. All these mutants showed increased thermal stability compared to that of Fab without intermolecular disulfide bond. In the other mutants, the intermolecular disulfide bond could not be completely formed, and the L132C(H):F118C(L) mutant showed only a slight decrease in binding activity and β-helix content, owing to the exertion of adverse intermolecular disulfide bond effects. Thus, our comprehensive analysis reveals that the introduction of intermolecular disulfide bond in the Fab’s constant domain is possible at various locations. These findings provide important insights for accomplishing human Fab stabilization.

Compact Hardware Implementations of MISTY1 Block Cipher

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasir ◽  
Ning Wu ◽  
Xiaoqiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Block Cipher ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Key Generation ◽  
Round Function ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hardware Implementations ◽  
Covered Area

This paper proposes compact hardware implementations of 64-bit NESSIE proposed MISTY1 block cipher for area constrained and low power ASIC applications. The architectures comprise only one round MISTY1 block cipher algorithm having optimized FO/FI function by re-utilizing S9/S7 substitution functions. A focus is also made on efficient logic implementations of S9 and S7 substitution functions using common sub-expression elimination (CSE) and parallel AND/XOR gates hierarchy. The proposed architecture 1 generates extended key with independent FI function and is suitable for MISTY1 8-rounds implementation. On the other hand, the proposed architecture 2 uses a single FO/FI function for both MISTY1 round function as well as extended key generation and can be employed for MISTY1 [Formula: see text] rounds. To analyze the performance and covered area for ASICs, Synopsys Design Complier, SMIC 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m @ 1.8[Formula: see text]V is used. The hardware constituted 3041 and 2331 NAND gates achieving throughput of 171 and 166 Mbps for 8 rounds implementation of architectures 1 and 2, respectively. Comprehensive analysis of proposed designs is covered in this paper.

COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OIL RESOURCE MARKET AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS IMPACT ON OIL PRODUCING COMPANIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (181) ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
Ya.K. Litonin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation

The article analyzes the oilfield services market, deduces its main trends, considers the issue of increasing the efficiency and quality of oilfield services. The prospects for the development of oil service divisions in oil producing companies are assessed. Analysis and evaluation are carried out based on financial statements, as well as open data from official websites.

scholarly journals Social Interaction: A Study on the Openness Attitude of Both Religion Believers towards the Other Believers in the Southern Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Jaffary Awang ◽  
Mutsalim Khareng ◽  
Zaizul Ab. Rahman ◽  
Rohanee Machae ◽  
Khaidzir Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Interaction Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Religious Teaching ◽  
Plural Society

<p>The Southern of Thailand citizens are known as the plural society that possesses various different religions. Even though the citizens are from multi-religious society, the majority of them are Muslims and followed by the Buddhists. It is a continuous issue for the religious believers in the Southern of Thailand in communicating with the other religious believers. Their interaction process is always accompanied by the suspicion and doubt among each other. Among the concepts of harmonious living in a religious pluralism society, openness attitude is the most important basic concept. It plays the significant role as a tool to form a good relationship among people. Therefore, this study is meant to scrutinize to which extent the religious teaching that teaches on the religious harmonious of life influence its believers in interpreting it to an openness attitude in their daily interaction. This study utilised two main methods namely the qualitative and the quantitative approaches. The results from the descriptive analysis depict that most of religious believers in the Southern of Thailand possess the openness attitude in interacting with the other believers at a good level as 40.02% of them agreed, and 30.96% of them strongly agreed on the issue. Hence, the findings have convinced the study that majority of the citizens in the Southern of Thailand are highly motivated to live harmoniously. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that there are some of the religious believers failed to practice the openness attitude when interacting with the other believers, so it is a must to identify the causes in order to offer the best solution for it.</p>

scholarly journals Accountability Management Effectiveness at PT. Dumas Tanjung Perak Shipyards in Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Dhiya Hanis Durrani
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Management Effectiveness ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Accounts Receivable ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Accountability Management

In shipyard companies, receivables are the main source of company revenue. Good control is needed so that it can run effectively and efficiently to avoid the risk of accounts that cannot be billed. But if the company cannot control it properly, the company will experience losses J12and even bankruptcy. This study aims to evaluate accounts receivable turnover so that it can be used as a tool to assess the effectiveness of company management. The analytical method used is quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of research obtained from the 2013-2017 financial statements, showed the average billing period (ACP) in 2014 = 43 days, 2015 = 42 days, 2016 = 58, and 2017 = 39 days. If it is associated with standard criteria, payment of receivables goes into in smooth criteria. This reflects that the management of the company's receivables is very good and optimal.

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