An Examination of Audit Report Lag for Banks: A Panel Data Approach

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Charlene Henderson ◽  
Steven E. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Omitted Variables ◽  
Audit Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Analysis

This study investigates the determinants of audit report lag (ARL) for a sample of banks. Researchers have been interested in the determinants of ARL, in part, because it impacts the timeliness of public disclosures. However, prior ARL research has relied exclusively on regression analysis of cross-sectional samples of companies from many industries. In addition to focusing exclusively on banks, panel data analysis is introduced and compared with cross-sectional analysis to demonstrate its power in dynamic settings and its potential to improve estimation. Results reveal important differences between cross-sectional analysis and panel data analysis. First, bank size is negatively related to ARL in cross-section but positively related to ARL using panel data analysis. The cross-sectional size estimate is subject to omitted variables bias, and furthermore, cross-sectional analysis fails to capture variation in size over time in relation to ARL. Panel data analysis both accounts for omitted variables and captures the dynamics of the relationship between size and ARL. As well, the panel data model's explanatory power far exceeds that of the cross-sectional model. This is primarily due to the panel model's use of firm-specific intercepts that both capture the role of reporting tradition and eliminate heterogeneity bias. Thus, panel data analysis proves to be a powerful tool in the analysis of ARL.

Association between the FINDRISC score and the risk of metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Godoi Bernardes Da Silva ◽  
R Dias Santos ◽  
M Sommer Bittencourt ◽  
J.A.M Carvalho ◽  
M Franken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Introduction The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) was developed in Europe to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk without need of laboratory tests. Small cross-sectional studies analyzed the association between RF with metabolic syndrome (MS) or hepatic steatosis (HS). Our objective was to test the association of FINDRISC with MS or HS, in a transversal and longitudinal way. Methods In 41,668 individuals (age 41.9±9.7 years; 30.8% women) who underwent health evaluation between 2008 and 2016 in a single centre in Brazil, we tested the transversal association between FINDRISC and MS or HS, in multivariate models. The same analyzes were performed longitudinally in non-diabetic subgroups, followed for 5±3 years, to test the predictive value of FINDRISC and the incidental risk of MS (n=10,075 individuals) or HS (n=7,097 individuals), using logistic regression. Models were adjusted for confounders such as sex, use of medications for dyslipidemia, smoking, and baseline plasma levels of glucose, creatinine and lipids. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the discriminative and predictive values of FINDRISC for MS and HS. Results In the cross-sectional analysis, 2,252 (5%) individuals had MS and 14,176 (34%) HS. In the longitudinal analysis, there were 302 cases of incidental MS (2%) and 1,096 cases of HS (15%). FINDRISC was independently associated with MS and HS in the cross-sectional analysis (respectively, OR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.25–1.28, P<0.001; and OR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.20–1.22, P<0.001, per FINDRISC unit) and in longitudinal analysis (respectively, OR of 1.18, 95% CI: 1.15–1.21, P<0.001; and OR of 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08–1.11, P<0.001, per FINDRISC unit). In comparison with individuals with low FINDRISC, those with moderate, high and very high values showed significant and proportional increases of the 12 to 77 fold in the chance of current SM (P<0.001) and 3 to 10 fold in the chance of HS (P<0.001). During follow-up, these increases were 3 to 10 fold in the chance of incidental MS (P<0.001) and 1 to 3 fold in the chance of HS (P<0.001). The AUC from cross-sectional analysis for MS and HS were respectively 0.82 (95% CI 0.81–0.83) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.75–0.76), and in longitudinal analysis 0.73 (95% CI 0.70–0.76) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.61–0.65), respectively. Conclusion FINDRISC was associated with the presence and onset of MS and HS, but it predicted better metabolic syndrome risk than hepatic steatosis. Therefore, this simple, practical and low-cost score can be useful for population screening and identification of subgroups of individuals at higher risk future metabolic diseases. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Perianal fistulas in adult patients with Crohn’s disease in Germany – a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of claims data from German sickness funds

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (05) ◽  
pp. 574-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Georgiadou ◽  
Lena Fanter ◽  
Alina Brandes ◽  
Boris Ratsch ◽  
Heiko Friedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Claims Data ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perianal Fistulas ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Claims Data Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Claims Data ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Introduction Perianal fistulas (PF) are presumably a frequent extraintestinal manifestation of Crohn’s disease (CD), causing significant functional impairment. This study aims to gain representative data on the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment of CD patients suffering from PF in Germany. Materials and methods A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of claims data from several German company health insurance funds included adult patients with CD and PF in 2015. The dataset comprised in- and outpatient services with diagnoses, drug prescriptions, and other patient data. It is representative for age, gender, and region and allows extrapolation to the total German statutory health insurance (SHI) population. A systematic literature review was conducted to discuss these results in the international context. Results A CD prevalence of 299 per 100 000 and a PF prevalence in CD patients of 3.4 % was observed in this cross-sectional study. PF are most prevalent in young age groups (< 24 to 39). One-third of patients with PF received biologics and surgery. Surgical procedures were performed in 31.3 % of PF patients in the inpatient setting and in 4.4 % of PF patients in the outpatient setting. All complicated perianal fistula patients received at least 1 inpatient surgery and 44.8 % received biologic therapy. Discussion This claims data analysis in German patients estimates a CD prevalence in the SHI population that corresponds well to previously reported data. The prevalence rate for PF in CD patients is comparable with a previous cross-sectional German claims data analysis but is markedly lower than cumulative risks reported in longitudinal cohort studies. PF patients are young and treatment intensive with one-third requiring biologic treatment or inpatient surgery.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Resistance of Rc Members Subjected to Bending With/without Axial Force

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Lechman
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Nonlinear Stress ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Analysis

The paper presents section models for analysis of the resistance of RC members subjected to bending moment with or without axial force. To determine the section resistance the nonlinear stress-strain relationship for concrete in compression is assumed, taking into account the concrete softening. It adequately describes the behavior of RC members up to failure. For the reinforcing steel linear elastic-ideal plastic model is applied. For the ring cross-section subjected to bending with axial force the normalized resistances are derived in the analytical form by integrating the cross-sectional equilibrium equations. They are presented in the form of interaction diagrams and compared with the results obtained by testing conducted on RC columns under eccentric compression. Furthermore, the ultimate normalized bending moment has been derived for the rectangular cross-section subjected to bending without axial force. It was applied in the cross-sectional analysis of steel and concrete composite beams, named BH beams, consisting of the RC rectangular core placed inside a reversed TT welded profile. The comparisons made indicated good agreements between the proposed section models and experimental results.

scholarly journals Financing structure of portuguese start-ups

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4-1) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Liliana Raquel R. Silva ◽  
Luís M. P. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Financial Structure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Financing Structure ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
Start Ups

The context where the companies operate has become more challenging given the binomial competitiveness and financial crisis. Market imbalances are an opportunity to explore creative solutions that characterize Start-Ups’ profiles. However, its innovative character carries risks that determine major funding difficulties. This way this article aims to investigate the influence of a set of variables in the composition of the financial structure of Portuguese Start-Ups. The methodology used is based on a cross-sectional data, integrating multivariate regressions (Logit, Tobit, and OLS), enriched by panel data analysis. The results show that company’s size, assets structure and legal form are statistically relevant.

scholarly journals A model proposal for estimating banks’ future value: Evidence from Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
Burhan Günay ◽  
Ayten Turan Kurtaran ◽  
Sara Faedfar
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Ols Regression ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Investors make solid decisions when evaluating their investments based on positive indicators the firm may show in the future, rather than based on its past performance. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the relationship between performance criteria and the most significant value-based criterion; Economic Value Added (EVA). Further, it evaluates the impact of future EVA values on the bank value. Panel Data Analysis and the OLS Regression model are used to estimate the regression equation. The analysis is performed using data of 10 banks on the BIST Banks Index over the period 2011 to 2020. Furthermore, the EVA criterion was converted into standardized EVA(SEVA) by dividing EVA by total assets. The OLS regression analysis results revealed that the model’s explanatory power for the SEVA variable is 71.92%. The three variables that have positive correlation with SEVA are earnings per share (EPS) and TOBINQ rates at the 1% significance level and the price to sales growth rate with a degree of significance at 10%. Regarding the Panel Data Analysis results, while the explanatory power of the SEVA variable is 72.14%, its association with the EPS and TOBINQ criteria was found to be significant at the 1% significance level. The empirical investigations reveal that the model developed using the future SEVA as a proxy for bank value is found to be promising, and it is accepted that the SEVA variable can be used instead of the bank value.

Association between the Prime Diet Quality Score and depressive symptoms in a Mediterranean population with metabolic syndrome. Cross-sectional and 2-year follow-up assessment from PREDIMED-PLUS study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Naomi Cano-Ibáñez ◽  
Lluis Serra-Majem ◽  
Sandra Martín-Peláez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract The burden of depression is increasing worldwide, specifically in older adults. Unhealthy dietary patterns may partly explain this phenomenon. In the Spanish PREDIMED-Plus study we explored (1) the cross-sectional association between the adherence to the Prime Diet Quality Score- (PDQS), an a priori-defined high-quality food pattern and the prevalence of depressive symptoms at baseline (cross-sectional analysis), and (2) the prospective association of baseline PDQS with changes in depressive symptomatology after 2 years of follow-up. After exclusions, we assessed 6612 participants in the cross-sectional analysis and 5523 participants in the prospective analysis. An energy-adjusted high-quality dietary score (PDQS) was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The cross-sectional association between PDQS and the prevalence of depression, presence of depressive symptoms and prospectively assessed changes in depressive symptoms was evaluated through multivariable regression models (logistic and linear models and mixed linear-effects models). PDQS was inversely associated with depressive status in the cross-sectional analysis. Participants in the highest quintile of PDQS (Q5) showed a significantly reduced odds of depression prevalence as compared to participants in the lowest quartile of PDQS (Q1) [OR (95%) CI= 0.82 (0.68, 0.98))]. The baseline prevalence of depression decreased across PDQS quintiles (p for trend=0.015). A statistically significant association between PDQS and changes in depressive symptoms after 2-y follow-up was found (β (95%) CI = −0.67 z-score (−1.17, −0.18). A higher PDQS was cross-sectionally related to a lower depressive status. Nevertheless, the null finding in our prospective analysis, raises the possibility of reverse causality. Further prospective investigation is required to ascertain the association between PDQS and changes in depressive symptoms along time.

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