Body Contouring of the Trunk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather R. Faulkner
Keyword(s):  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Body Contouring ◽  
Massive Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Skin Tightening ◽  
Body Lift ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Body contouring is a term that encompasses both surgical and non-surgical (minimally invasive) procedures for improving the form of the body. There are a variety of reasons patients may seek out truncal body contouring, including massive weight loss and changes associated with childbirth and aging. Knowledge of the available treatment options and technologies is paramount to the ability to counsel patients accurately about suitability for surgery, expected outcomes, and recognition of complications. This review covers pre-operative patient assessment, techniques, and complications of surgical and non-surgical treatments for body contouring of the trunk (excluding abdominoplasty, which is covered in a separate chapter). This review contains 4 figures, 2 tables, and 27 references. Keywords: body contouring, trunk, liposuction, lower body lift, upper body lift, skin tightening, skin laxity, cryolipolysis, panniculectomy, focused ultrasound, radiofrequency.

Thigh lift

2021 ◽  
pp. 1543-1550
Author(s):  
Anthony Barabás ◽  
Mark Soldin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Contouring ◽  
Massive Weight Loss ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Body Lift ◽  
Medial Thigh ◽  
Thigh Lift ◽  
Lower Body Lift

The skin of the medial thigh is thin and inelastic, and laxity here is often the earliest sign of ageing in the thighs. The medial thigh skin is also one of the areas most affected following weight loss. The majority of skin laxity occurs at the junction of the anterior and medial thigh, where the skin tends to hang in a dependent, pleated fashion. This can interfere with walking, toileting, and various other day-to-day activities, resulting in irritation due to chaffing between the thighs. Body contouring techniques are routinely combined in stages to achieve a more harmonious result. Medial thigh lift is frequently combined with upper body lift or breast surgery, or both, whereas brachioplasty is usually combined with abdominoplasty/lower body lift. Opposing vectors of pull and excessive damage to local vascularity are thereby avoided. However, staging surgical procedures has the potential to reveal additional areas of dissatisfaction to the patient. Abdominoplasty patients often report increased dissatisfaction with the medial thighs as a consequence of this previously hidden deformity becoming visible to them postoperatively. In fact, massive weight-loss patients’ dissatisfaction with their thighs is almost as great as with the changes to their breasts in terms of their severely decreased self-esteem, sexuality, and quality of life.

scholarly journals Body contouring surgery in a massive weight loss patient: An overview

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (S 01) ◽  
pp. 114-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhat Shrivastava ◽  
Aggarwal Aditya ◽  
Khazanchi Rakesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Body Contouring ◽  
Massive Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Exciting Field ◽  
Body Contouring Surgery ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTThe number of patients with history of extreme overweight and massive weight loss (MWL) has risen significantly. Majority of patients are left with loose, ptotic skin envelopes, and oddly shaped protuberances, subsequent to weight loss. Redundant skin and fat can be seen anywhere on the body following MWL. This group of population presents many unique problems and challenges. Body contouring surgery after MWL is a new and exciting field in plastic surgery that is still evolving. Conventional approaches do not adequately cater to the needs of these patients. Complete history, detailed physical examination, clinical photographs and lab investigations help to plan the most appropriate procedure for the individual patient. Proper counseling and comprehensive informed consent for each procedure are mandatory. The meticulous and precise markings based on the procedure selected are the cornerstones to achieve the successful outcome. Lower body contouring should be performed first followed six months later by breast, lateral chest and arm procedures. Thighplasty is usually undertaken at the end. Body contouring operations are staged at few months′ intervals and often result in long scars. Staging is important as each procedure can have positive impact on adjacent areas of the body. Secondary procedures are often required. However, proper planning should lead to fewer complications and improved aesthetic outcome and patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals Body contouring following massive weight loss

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (01) ◽  
pp. 014-020
Author(s):  
Vijay Langer ◽  
Amitabh Singh ◽  
Al S. Aly ◽  
Albert E. Cram
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Contouring ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Massive Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plastic Surgeon

ABSTRACTObesity is a global disease with epidemic proportions. Bariatric surgery or modified lifestyles go a long way in mitigating the vast weight gain. Patients following these interventions usually undergo massive weight loss. This results in redundant tissues in various parts of the body. Loose skin causes increased morbidity and psychological trauma. This demands various body contouring procedures that are usually excisional. These procedures are complex and part of a painstaking process that needs a committed patient and an industrious plastic surgeon. As complications in these patients can be quite frequent, both the patient and the surgeon need to be aware and willing to deal with them.

Immunotherapy and potential predictive biomarkers in the treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghui Xu ◽  
Yuhao Wang ◽  
Hushan Zhang ◽  
Xueke She ◽  
Jianjun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ablative Therapies ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Well Differentiated

Neuroendocrine neoplasias (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors scattered throughout the body. Surgery, locoregional or ablative therapies as well as maintenance treatments are applied in well-differentiated, low-grade NENs, whereas cytotoxic chemotherapy is usually applied in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas. However, treatment options for patients with advanced or metastatic NENs are limited. Immunotherapy has provided new treatment approaches for many cancer types, including neuroendocrine tumors, but predictive biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of NENs have not been fully reported. By reviewing the literature and international congress abstracts, we summarize the current knowledge of ICIs, potential predicative biomarkers in the treatment of NENs, implications and efficacy of ICIs as well as biomarkers for NENs of gastroenteropancreatic system, lung NENs and Merkel cell carcinoma in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Wrist-wearable bioelectrical impedance analyzer with miniature electrodes for daily obesity management

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myoung Hoon Jung ◽  
Kak Namkoong ◽  
Yeolho Lee ◽  
Young Jun Koh ◽  
Kunsun Eom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Impedance Analyzer ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer

AbstractBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is used to analyze human body composition by applying a small alternating current through the body and measuring the impedance. The smaller the electrode of a BIA device, the larger the impedance measurement error due to the contact resistance between the electrode and human skin. Therefore, most commercial BIA devices utilize electrodes that are large enough (i.e., 4 × 1400 mm2) to counteract the contact resistance effect. We propose a novel method of compensating for contact resistance by performing 4-point and 2-point measurements alternately such that body impedance can be accurately estimated even with considerably smaller electrodes (outer electrodes: 68 mm2; inner electrodes: 128 mm2). Additionally, we report the use of a wrist-wearable BIA device with single-finger contact measurement and clinical test results from 203 participants at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital. The correlation coefficient and standard error of estimate of percentage body fat were 0.899 and 3.76%, respectively, in comparison with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. This result exceeds the performance level of the commercial upper-body portable body fat analyzer (Omron HBF-306). With a measurement time of 7 s, this sensor technology is expected to provide a new possibility of a wearable bioelectrical impedance analyzer, toward obesity management.

Research on intelligent clustering of male upper body

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110001
Author(s):  
Pengpeng Cheng ◽  
Xianyi Zeng ◽  
Pascal Bruniaux ◽  
Jianping Wang ◽  
Daoling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Bee Colony ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Cuckoo Search ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Intelligent Algorithm ◽  
Density Peak ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Length Width

To study the upper body characteristics of young men, the body circumference, length, width, thickness, and angle of young men aged 18–25 and 26–35 years were collected to comprehensively characterize the concave and convex features of the front, back, and side of the human body. The Cuckoo Search-Density Peak intelligent algorithm was used to extract the feature factors of the upper body of men, and to cluster them. To verify the effectiveness of the intelligent algorithm, the clustering results of Cuckoo Search-Density Peak, Density Peak, Particle Swarm Optimization-Density Peak algorithm, Ant Colony Optimization-Density Peak algorithm, Genetic Algorithm-Density Peak algorithm, and Artificial Bee Colony-Density Peak algorithm were evaluated by Silouette and F-measures, respectively. The results show that the Cuckoo Search-Density Peak algorithm has the best clustering results and is superior to other algorithms. There are some differences in somatotype characteristics and somatotype indexes between young men aged 18–25 and 26–35 years.

scholarly journals Polymer-Drug Conjugates as Nanotheranostic Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-81
Author(s):  
Sajana Manandhar ◽  
Erica Sjöholm ◽  
Johan Bobacka ◽  
Jessica M. Rosenholm ◽  
Kuldeep K. Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Body ◽  
Drug Conjugates ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Theranostic Agents ◽  
The Stability

Since the last decade, the polymer-drug conjugate (PDC) approach has emerged as one of the most promising drug-delivery technologies owing to several benefits like circumventing premature drug release, offering controlled and targeted drug delivery, improving the stability, safety, and kinetics of conjugated drugs, and so forth. In recent years, PDC technology has advanced with the objective to further enhance the treatment outcomes by integrating nanotechnology and multifunctional characteristics into these systems. One such development is the ability of PDCs to act as theranostic agents, permitting simultaneous diagnosis and treatment options. Theranostic nanocarriers offer the opportunity to track the distribution of PDCs within the body and help to localize the diseased site. This characteristic is of particular interest, especially among those therapeutic approaches where external stimuli are supposed to be applied for abrupt drug release at the target site for localized delivery to avoid systemic side effects (e.g., Visudyne®). Thus, with the help of this review article, we are presenting the most recent updates in the domain of PDCs as nanotheranostic agents. Different methodologies utilized to design PDCs along with imaging characteristics and their applicability in a wide range of diseases, have been summarized in this article.

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