scholarly journals The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Impact Value of Cast Steel

1951 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
J. Ueda
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
The Impact

Influence of Mn and Heat Treatment Technology on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Low-Alloy Wear-Resistant Cast Steel Shovel Tooth

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Jing Qiang Zhang ◽  
Jie Min Du ◽  
Ji Wei Guo ◽  
Shou Fan Rong ◽  
Guang Zhou Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Heat Treatment Technology ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
The Impact

The influences of Mn and heat-treatment technology on microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-carbon-low-alloy wear-resistant cast steel were investigated. The results show that the hardness first increases and then drops down with the increase of Mn content, and the best hardness is 54HRC with Mn content 1.5%. The impact toughness first increases and then drops down with the increase of Mn content. The hardness and impact toughness first increase and then drop down with the increases of quenching temperature. The optimal impact toughness can be obtaind by quenching at 920°C and tempering at 200°C. Part of lower bainite and residual austenite and mass of tempered martensite are obtaind after tempering.

scholarly journals Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of 0.4C-Si-Mn-Cr Steel during High Temperature Deformation

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Quan Shan ◽  
Zulai Li ◽  
Jinfeng Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
High Temperature Deformation ◽  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
The Impact

Herein, the effects of height-diameter ratios (H/D) on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of 0.4C-Si-Mn-Cr steel during high temperature deformation are reported. The compression experiments were performed on steel samples using Gleeble to obtain a reasonable deformation temperature, and the degree of deformation was assessed in the range of 1.5 to 2.0 H/D via forging. The forged specimens were quenched using the same heat treatment process. The hardness and impact toughness of the steel samples were tested before and after heat treatment. Grain sizes gradually increased with an increase in the compression temperature from 950 °C to 1150 °C, and the grain sizes decreased with an increase in H/D. The microstructure of the steel samples contained pearlite, bainite, martensite, and retained austenite phase. The microstructure after forging was more uniform and finer as compared to that of as-cast steel samples. The hardness and impact toughness of the steel samples were evaluated after forging; hardness first increased and then decreased with an increase in H/D, while the impact toughness continuously increased with an increase in H/D. Hence, the microstructure and properties of steel could be improved via high temperature deformation, and this was primarily related to grain refinement.

Characteristics of the G200CrNiMo4-3-3 Cast Steel in as Cast State

2015 ◽  
Vol 641 ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Edyta Rożniata ◽  
Janusz Krawczyk ◽  
Robert Dąbrowski ◽  
Jerzy Pacyna
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Initial Material ◽  
Cast State ◽  
Initial State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cast Condition ◽  
Fracture Work

The subject of investigations constituted the G200CrNiMo4-3-3 cast steel applied for metallurgical rolls. This is the material, which microstructure can be modified by the heat treatment. The presented hereby work concerns the initial state (as cast condition) of the investigated cast steel. This cast steel constitutes the initial material for the heat treatment. The morphology of carbide precipitates, including the cementite precipitated on grain boundaries of the primary austenite, hypereutectoid cementite precipitated in the Widmannstӓtten system and lederburitic cementite, were characterised in the study. The results of investigations of mechanical and fractographic properties of the G200CrNiMo4-3-3 cast steel, were also presented. Among others, the values of fracture work in the impact test, fracture toughness (KIc) and wear resistance were given. The crack pathway together with the hypereutectoid cementite fraction role in its development, was presented. The obtained investigation results, presented in the hereby paper, will constitute the comparison base for the assessment of the heat treatment influence on the microstructure and properties of the tested G200CrNiMo4-3-3 cast steel.

Effects of Heat Treatment Process on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 31Mn2SiREB Cast Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 418-423
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang Ren ◽  
Feng Jun Li ◽  
Ling Bai ◽  
Yun Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Diffusion Annealing ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact

The heat treatment process of 31Mn2SiREB cast steel used in crawler shoes is directly lifted from the heat treatment process of Mn13 high-manganese cast steel, i. e., quenching at 1050 oC after casting. The reasonableness of the process needs to be surveyed. In this paper, the effects of quenching temperature and diffusion annealing pre-treatment on mechanical properties, micro-area composition uniformity and micro-hardness uniformity were investigated. For quenching after casting, the tensile strength and impact energy increase observably with the elevation of quenching temperature, but the impact energy at higher quenching temperature is still very small. The fluctuation of micro-hardness and chemical composition at different micro-areas becomes obviously small with the increase of quenching temperature. For quenching after a diffusion annealing pre-treatment, the impact energy is very high and up to 36.3 J.

The Microstructure and the Wear Resistance of the Hypoeutectic High Carbon Fe-B Cast Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 1009-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Wen Li ◽  
Guo Shang Zhang ◽  
Shi Zhong Wei
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Metallic Matrix ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

A new wear resistance material named the hypoeutectic high carbon Fe-B cast steel with fine hard carbides dispersive distributed in the matrix have been investigated. The results show that the solidified structures of high carbon Fe-B steel consist of ferrite, pearlite and boride, and borides were distributed along grain boundary in interconnected network. After heat treatment, the metallic matrix changes into martensite and retained austenite. The eutectic borides are appeared to be less continuous network and isolated particles. The increasing of the quenching temperature leads to the improvement of hardness. Quenching at 980°C, impact toughness is increased with the increasing of the tempering temperature. The optimum heat treatment is quenching at 980°C(oil cooling) and tempering at 330°C(air cooling). The wear resistance of modified high carbon Fe-B cast steel is corresponding to Cr26 alloy. The impact wear mechanism is mainly plastic deformation and fatigue spalling.

Formation of structure and properties of complex alloy cast steel

2020 ◽  
pp. 429-432
Author(s):  
V.S. Muratov ◽  
E.A. Morozova ◽  
N.S. Yakimov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Complex Alloy ◽  
Typical Composition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alloy Cast ◽  
Experimental Melting

The patters of the effect of change in the chemical composition and modes of heat treatment on the structure and complex of mechanical properties of cast steel VKL-3 (12Kh2NVML) are studied. The experimental melting of steel with increased content of chromium, silicon, nickel and molybdenum is obtained. The steel of this composition has reduced ductility and toughness. At the same time, experimental steel melting makes it possible to the model segregation zones with increased content of alloying elements in the steel of typical composition that has chemical and structural heterogeneity and heterogeneity of ductility and toughness. It is shown that the use of the fi nal heat treatment with the adjusted modes (in particular, increased temperature and time of tempering) allows increasing the ductility of the steel to the required values, but the impact strength does not reach the required levels. The recommendations for maintaining of the alloying elements content near the lower allowable limit are given.

Development of Wear Resistant Cast Steel and Its Study on Mechanical Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Hong Bo Li ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Han Chi Cheng ◽  
Chun Jie Li ◽  
Xing Jun Su
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Temperature Quenching ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
The Impact

This paper mainly through the experimental study on the heat treatment process and mechanical properties of cast steel 35CrMnSiMo.According to the effect of alloy elements in design of a high-toughness abrasion-resistant cast steel, Cr, Mn, Si, as the main alloy elements, supplemented by a small amount of Mo, the casting molding, for hardness and impact toughness test of mechanical properties of experimental steel. The results show that, the as-cast 35CrMnSiMo by 880 °C, quenching for 20min then, the same quenching temperature, quenching hardness of materials is far greater than the oil quenching hardness. Water quenching hardness up to 25% higher than the oil quenching hardness, The impact toughness of specimen is inversely proportional to the contrast relationship Hardness.

Microstructural and Mechanical Behaviour Evaluation of Mg-Al-Zn Alloy Friction Stir Welded Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 8150-8159
Author(s):  
Kulwant Singh ◽  
Gurbhinder Singh ◽  
Harmeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Impact

The weight reduction concept is most effective to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases from vehicles, which also improves fuel efficiency. Amongst lightweight materials, magnesium alloys are attractive to the automotive sector as a structural material. Welding feasibility of magnesium alloys acts as an influential role in its usage for lightweight prospects. Friction stir welding (FSW) is an appropriate technique as compared to other welding techniques to join magnesium alloys. Field of friction stir welding is emerging in the current scenario. The friction stir welding technique has been selected to weld AZ91 magnesium alloys in the current research work. The microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the produced FSW butt joints have been investigated. Further, the influence of post welding heat treatment (at 260 °C for 1 h) on these properties has also been examined. Post welding heat treatment (PWHT) resulted in the improvement of the grain structure of weld zones which affected the mechanical performance of the joints. After heat treatment, the tensile strength and elongation of the joint increased by 12.6 % and 31.9 % respectively. It is proven that after PWHT, the microhardness of the stir zone reduced and a comparatively smoothened microhardness profile of the FSW joint obtained. No considerable variation in the location of the tensile fracture was witnessed after PWHT. The results show that the impact toughness of the weld joints further decreases after post welding heat treatment.

scholarly journals Impact of the Simulated Gastric Digestion Methodology on the In Vitro Intestinal Proteolysis and Lipolysis of Emulsion Gels

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Camila Mella ◽  
Michelle Quilaqueo ◽  
Rommy N. Zúñiga ◽  
Elizabeth Troncoso
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gel Structure ◽  
Intestinal Digestion ◽  
Food Digestion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Digestion Methods

The aim of this work was to study the impact of the methodology of in vitro gastric digestion (i.e., in terms of motility exerted and presence of gastric emptying) and gel structure on the degree of intestinal proteolysis and lipolysis of emulsion gels stabilized by whey protein isolate. Emulsions were prepared at pH 4.0 and 7.0 using two homogenization pressures (500 and 1000 bar) and then the emulsions were gelled by heat treatment. These gels were characterized in terms of texture analysis, and then were subjected to one of the following gastric digestion methods: in vitro mechanical gastric system (IMGS) or in vitro gastric digestion in a stirred beaker (SBg). After gastric digestion, the samples were subjected to in vitro intestinal digestion in a stirred beaker (SBi). Hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness were significantly higher in gels at pH 7.0. The degree of proteolysis was higher in samples digested by IMGS–SBi (7–21%) than SBg–SBi (3–5%), regardless of the gel’s pH. For SBg–SBi, the degree of proteolysis was not affected by pH, but when operating the IMGS, higher hydrolysis values were obtained for gels at pH 7.0 (15–21%) than pH 4.0 (7–13%). Additionally, the percentage of free fatty acids (%FFA) released was reduced by 47.9% in samples digested in the IMGS–SBi. For the methodology SBg–SBi, the %FFA was not affected by the pH, but in the IMGS, higher values were obtained for gels at pH 4.0 (28–30%) than pH 7.0 (15–19%). Our findings demonstrate the importance of choosing representative methods to simulate food digestion in the human gastrointestinal tract and their subsequent impact on nutrient bioaccessibility.

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