The Local Anaesthetic Effect of a Dental Laser Prior to Cavity Preparation: A Pilot Volunteer Study

SUMMARY Objectives It has been suggested that laser preconditioning can produce dental anaesthesia. This study aimed to assess the response of the dental pulp to laser preconditioning. Methods The effects of laser preconditioning, sham laser (negative control), and composite curing light (positive control) on the response of the dental pulp to electric pulp testing was investigated in this double-blind crossover trial with six volunteers. The Er,Cr:YSGG laser or curing light was shone on a premolar tooth in a sweeping motion for 30 seconds (in the sham treatment, the laser was not activated) in blindfolded volunteers subjected to a consistent aural stimulus. Treatment method at each visit was randomized and performed by a researcher not involved in pulp testing. Teeth were pulp tested twice initially by another member of the research team to get baseline readings, immediately following the treatment, and thereafter every two minutes for 10 minutes. Results were analyzed using analysis of variance and an independent-sample t-test. Results There were no significant differences in pulpal response between treatments (p>0.05). Conclusion Laser preconditioning did not affect pulpal response as measured by an electronic pulp tester. Laser preconditioning did not result in any pain or noticeable symptoms for both teeth and soft tissues.

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EFFICACY OF MOUTH RINSE FORMULATION BASED ON CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE 0.1% IN THE CONTROL OF DENTAL CALCULUS BUILDUP

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.84_91 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 176 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Diah Ayu Maharani ◽

Alia Ramadhani ◽

Melissa Adiatman ◽

Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani ◽

Linda Kusdhany ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Mouth Rinse ◽

Dental Calculus ◽

Double Blind ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Objective: This study aimed at comparing the antiplaque, anticalculus, and antigingivitis potentials of a mouth rinse containing essential oil, alcohol,zinc, and fluoride with a mouth rinse containing cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) 0.1% over 1-, 2-, and 3-month periods.Methods: This study was a double-blind, parallel randomized clinical trial with a 3-day run-in phase. Respondents were asked to gargle twice dailywith 15 ml of mouth rinse for 30 seconds after brushing teeth. Respondents were 80 females with a mean age of 21 years, and a single dental examinerwas employed throughout the study to decrease the variance. Prophylaxis was performed for all respondents before the intervention. Three mouthrinses were tested: Group 1 with the mouth rinse containing CPC 0.1%, Group 2 as the negative control, and Group 3 as the positive control with amouth rinse containing alcohol. Evaluations were conducted by plaque index, gingival index, calculus index, and CariScreen examinations.Results: The clinical trial showed that the mouth rinse with alcohol and the mouth rinse containing CPC 0.1% were effective in inhibiting bacterialbuildup (antiplaque) and have anticalculus properties, but with no statistically significant antigingivitis effect.Conclusion: It was found that the mouth rinse containing alcohol has similar effectiveness with CPC 0.1% mouth rinse, but side effects, such as aburning sensation, were reported in the alcohol-containing mouth rinse.

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Comparison of Antihyperlipidemic Activity Temu Mangga’s Rhizomes and Ketepeng Cina’s Leaves Infusion

Journal of Pharmacy and Science ◽

10.53342/pharmasci.v6i2.223 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dyan Nugraha ◽

◽

Noor Wildiati Magfirah ◽

Novia Henjani ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

High Fat ◽

First Line ◽

First Line Therapy ◽

Line Therapy ◽

Antihyperlipidemic Activity ◽

Boiled Water

Statins are first line therapy of antihyperlipidemia. It reduced LDL levels more than 50%. However, a serious side effects such as rhabdomyolisis which can lead to kidney failure. On other side, people often consumed boiled water of Temu Mangga’s Rhizome and/or Ketepeng Cina’s Leeaves as antihyperlipidemic. Both of them has a potential as adjuvant therapy. Purpose: To compare antihyperlipidemic activity of Temu Mangga’s Rhizome and Ketepeng Cina’s Leaves as alternative treatment. Method : Test animals were induced with High Fat Diet Food (HFDF) for the first 15 days, and with Temu Mangga’s Rhizome and Ketepeng Cina’s Leaves for the next 15 days. Study group: Simvastatin (positive control), Na CMC 0.5% (negative control), 450 mg/Kg BW; 900 mg/Kg BW; 1.800 mg/Kg BW of Temu Mangga’s Rhizome and 225 mg/Kg BW; 450 mg/Kg BW; and 900 mg/Kg BW Ketepeng Cina’s Leaves. Results: Temu Mangga 360 mg/200 gram BW was not significantly different from positive control in reducing total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and increasing HDL. Ketepeng Cina’s Leaves 180 mg/200 gram BW had the best effect, but it was not comparable to the positive control. Conclusion: 1.800 mg/Kg BW Temu Mangga’s Rhizome showed better antiyperlipidemic activity than 900 mg/Kg BW Ketepeng Cina’s Leaves.

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Efficacy of Arabic Coffee and Black Tea in Reducing Halitosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled, Crossover Clinical Trial

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9030250 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 250

Author(s):

Hamad Alzoman ◽

Ahmed Alzahrani ◽

Khaled Alwehaiby ◽

Waleed Alanazi ◽

Mohammed AlSarhan

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽

Black Tea ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Breath Sample ◽

Double Blind ◽

Pre Treatment

The aim of the study was to objectively evaluate the short-term effect of Arabic coffee and black tea on oral halitosis. This study was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial on 17 healthy individuals. During the initial visit, pre-treatment breath samples were collected from each subject and analyzed using portable gas chromatography (OralChroma™). Four interventions were evaluated, with Arabic coffee and black tea as the test intervention tools, mouthwash containing a solution (0.05% chlorhexidine, 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride, and 0.14% zinc lactate (CHX-CPC-Zn)) as a positive control, and drinking water as a negative control. Halitosis was induced by rinsing with 10 mL solution of L-cysteine for 30 s. Twenty minutes later, a breath sample was taken to record the baseline volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) levels (T0). Then, the participants were asked to rinse with 10 mL of a randomly-assigned solution for 30 s. Sixty minutes later, another breath sample was recorded (T1). Finally, after 120 min, the final breath sample was recorded (T2). It was found that rinsing with Arabic coffee decreased the level of H2S both in the first hour (T1) and the second hour (T2). The reduction was significantly greater at T1 (p = 0.017). There was a similar result after the volunteers rinsed with black tea. At T2, Arabic coffee showed a substantially greater reduction in H2S (p < 0.001). On the contrary, using CHX-CPC-Zn showed a significant and continuous decrease in H2S values in the breath throughout the experiment (p < 0.001). Water showed no significant impact on the level of VSC (p = 0.71). This study demonstrates that black tea and Arabic coffee had inhibitory effects on halitosis that was greater in the first hour and was not sustained over a long period. Additionally, Arabic coffee had a greater inhibitory effect on halitosis than black tea.

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Evaluation of comedogenic potential of a paraben-free plant-based butter moisturizing cream: A double-blind, comparative study

10.25259/csdm_53_2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Monil Yogesh Neena Gala ◽

Snehal Sameer Muchhala ◽

Sujeet Narayan Charugulla ◽

Rahul Rathod ◽

Amey Mane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Skin Care ◽

Double Blind ◽

Test Product ◽

Cosmetic Formulations ◽

The Mean

Objectives: Comedogenicity is a critical factor in making of cosmetics and skin care products. The term “acne cosmetica” was coined to link the relationship between female acne to the use of cosmetic formulations, stating that the ingredients used in the cosmetic formulations have the potential to evoke a comedogenic response or produce comedones. Therefore, it is important that a skin care product is non-comedogenic and efficacious at the same time. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the comedogenic potential of the test product (Venusia Max Cream – paraben free) when applied topically under occluded patch to the skin. Material and Methods: This was a randomized, double-blinded, comparative study conducted in 24 healthy female participants, with prominent follicular orifices on the upper back region. Comedogenic potential of the test product (Venusia Max Cream – paraben free) was evaluated in comparison to positive (coconut oil) and negative (glycerin) controls in women. Each participant received topical application of test and control products under occluded patch to the skin on the upper aspect of the back, 3 times weekly for 4 weeks. Cyanoacrylate biopsies were performed before and after treatment to determine the microcomedones histologically. Microcomedones were graded using light microscopy and results were analyzed based on scale rating (0–3). Results: The mean comedone grading was assessed between positive versus negative control, and positive control versus test product. The mean comedone grades were significantly less in test product 0.41 ± 0.50 and negative control 0.82 ± 0.73 in comparison to positive control 2.09 ± 0.68. The test product was least comedogenic in this study. Furthermore, no adverse events were reported during the study period. Conclusion: Based on the histological evidence, Venusia Max Cream (paraben free) is a non-comedogenic, plant-based intense moisturizing cream and its use in regular skin care routine can be beneficial, particularly for acne prone and dry skin as it improves the skin hydration levels.

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Protective Effect of Alpha-Tocopherol Isomer from Vitamin E against the H2O2Induced Toxicity on Dental Pulp Cells

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/895049 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Fernanda da Silveira Vargas ◽

Diana Gabriela Soares ◽

Ana Paula Dias Ribeiro ◽

Josimeri Hebling ◽

Carlos Alberto De Souza Costa

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Alpha Tocopherol ◽

Dental Pulp Cells ◽

Cell Protection ◽

Pulp Cells

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of different concentrations of vitamin E alpha-tocopherol (α-T) isomer against the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on dental pulp cells. The cells (MDPC-23) were seeded in 96-well plates for 72 hours, followed by treatment with 1, 3, 5, or 10 mMα-T for 60 minutes. They were then exposed or not to H2O2for 30 minutes. In positive and negative control groups, the cells were exposed to culture medium with or without H2O2(0.018%), respectively. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests;α=5%). Significant reduction of cell viability (58.5%) was observed in positive control compared with the negative control. Cells pretreated withα-T at 1, 3, 5, and 10 mM concentrations and exposed to H2O2had their viability decreased by 43%, 32%, 25%, and 27.5%, respectively. These values were significantly lower than those observed in the positive control, thereby showing a protective effect ofα-T against the H2O2toxicity. Overall, the vitamin Eα-T isomer protected the immortalized MDPC-23 pulp cells against the toxic effects of H2O2. The most effective cell protection was provided by 5 and 10 mM concentrations ofα-T.

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Double-blind Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Over-the-counter Tooth-whitening Agents Containing 2.9% Hydrogen Peroxide

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/16-379-c ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 272-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

YM Kim ◽

AN Ha ◽

JW Kim ◽

SJ Kim

Keyword(s):

Randomized Study ◽

Test Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Bleaching Agent ◽

Double Blind ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Color Changes ◽

Type Test

ABSTRACT Objectives: In this double-blind randomized study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of over-the-counter (OTC) bleaching products that included 2.9% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with two methods of application: strip and paint-on. Methods and Materials: A commonly used product was selected for each type (strip and paint-on) of OTC bleaching agent. In total, 75 volunteers were assigned randomly into five groups: two test groups (strip and paint-on), two negative control groups (products without H2O2), and one positive control group (dentist-supervised home bleaching). The tooth shade was evaluated with a spectrophotometer and Vita shade guide at baseline and 2 weeks and 4 weeks after use. To document any adverse reactions, such as hypersensitivity or tissue irritation, all patients were examined and the Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), and a visual analog scale (VAS) measuring the cold response were obtained. Results: There were significant differences among the five groups (p<0.001). The positive control showed the greatest color changes; then, in decreasing order, the strip-type test group, paint-on-type test group, and negative controls. The strip-type bleaching agent was significantly more effective than the paint-on-type agent and the negative control, while it was significantly less effective than the dentist-supervised home bleaching. Regardless of the treatment group, the canines showed greater color changes than did the central or lateral incisors. Some cases of gingival irritation and hypersensitivity were observed, but they were mild and reversible. GI, PI, and VAS scores were not significantly changed. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the results indicated that the strip-type and paint-on-type OTC bleaching agents were significantly less efficacious than was dentist-supervised home bleaching; however, they showed acceptable safety and efficacy. The strip-type was more effective than was the paint-on-type in this study.

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The comparison of 0.05% sodium fluoride and 0.2% chlorhexidine usage and aquadest to the plaque index on fixed orthodontic patients

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.24198/pjd.vol19no1.14176 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Veronica Vera D. Wiraja ◽

Tono S. Hambali ◽

Soertini E. Lambri

Keyword(s):

Sodium Fluoride ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Tooth Brushing ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Mouth Rinse ◽

Double Blind ◽

Debris Accumulation ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Plaque Control

The fixed orthodontic appliance will cause changes in microbial flora the oral cavity and food debris accumulation and will be formed especially around the gingival sulcus. Plaque control using chemical means can be done by using mouth rinse. This research compared the influence of 0.05% sodium fluoride mouth rinse with aquadest and 0.2% chlorhexidine to the plaque index in fixed orthodontic patients. A double-blind and cross over clinical assessment were applied using a sample size of 16 male fixed orthodontic patients with the age above 21 years. 0.05% sodium fluoride, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth rinse was given to all patients as a positive control and aquadest as a negative control. Plaque index was then measured after 24 hours without tooth brushing, after using the mouth rinse and a week after using the mouth rinse with tooth brushing. The results showed that the use of 0.05% sodium fluoride mouth rinse reduced plaque index more significantly compared to 0.2% chlorhexidine. The mechanical plaque control by tooth brushing is still the most influential mean to reduce plaque index in fixed orthodontic patients. Mouth rinse is just an additional mean to reduce plaque.

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The Anticaries Effect of a Food Extract (Shiitake) in a Short-Term Clinical Study

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.1155/2012/217164 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Peter Lingström ◽

Egija Zaura ◽

Haidar Hassan ◽

Mark J. Buijs ◽

Pamie Hedelin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Dental Plaque ◽

Weight Fraction ◽

Edible Mushroom ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Double Blind

The main objective was to investigate whether low-molecular-weight fraction of edible mushroom shiitake extract (Lentinus edodes) possesses caries-preventive properties. The study was designed as a double-blind, three-leg, cross-over, randomized, controlled clinical trial carried out on two series of volunteers at the University of Gothenburg, and the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam. Volunteers rinsed twice daily with a solution containing low-molecular-weight fraction of edible mushroom, placebo (negative control without active ingredients), or Meridol (positive control, AmF-SnF2) for two weeks, with a two-week washout period between each rinsing period. Changes in the acidogenicity of dental plaque before and after a sucrose challenge, shifts in microbial composition, and plaque scores were determined. Frequent rinses with shiitake reduced the metabolic activity of dental plaque. No reduction of plaque scores and no inhibition of the production of organic acids in plaque was found. Minor differences in microbial composition between test sessions were found. To conclude, the results indicate that shiitake extract has anticariogenic potential, but not to the same extent as the positive control.

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Remineralizing Efficacy of a CPP-ACP Cream on Enamel Caries Lesions in situ

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000363073 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 56-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Hendrik Meyer-Lueckel ◽

Richard J. Wierichs ◽

Timo Schellwien ◽

Sebastian Paris

Keyword(s):

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Double Blind ◽

Fluoride Toothpaste ◽

Enamel Caries ◽

Before And After ◽

Casein Phosphopeptide ◽

Caries Lesions ◽

Mineral Loss

The aim of this double-blind, randomized, cross-over in situ study was to compare the remineralizing effects induced by the application of casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate complexes (CPP-ACP)-containing cream (without fluoride) after the use of fluoride toothpaste with the prolonged use of fluoride toothpaste on enamel caries lesions in situ. During each of three experimental legs of 4 weeks, 13 participants wore intra-oral mandibular appliances with 8 pre-demineralized bovine enamel specimens in the vestibular flanges mimicking either ‘easily cleanable' or ‘proximal' surfaces (n = 312). The three randomly allocated treatments were as follows: (1) application of CPP-ACP-containing cream (GC Tooth Mouse, non-fluoride) after the use of fluoride toothpaste (1,400 ppm NaF; TM), (2) prolonged application of fluoride toothpaste (1,400 ppm NaF; positive control, PC) and (3) prolonged application of fluoride-free toothpaste (negative control, NC). Additionally, one of each of the two flanges was brushed twice daily with the respective toothpaste. The differences in integrated mineral loss as assessed by transversal microradiography were calculated between values before and after the in situ period. Changes in mineral loss were analysed for those pairs of subgroups differing in only one of the three factors (intervention, brushing and position). The PC treatment induced a significantly higher mineral gain compared with the TM and NC treatments. No significant differences between TM and NC for both positions were observed. In conclusion, the additional use of a CPP-ACP-containing cream seems to be less efficacious in remineralizing caries lesions than the prolonged application of fluoride toothpaste. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

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Safety and In Situ Antierosive Effect of CaneCPI-5 on Dental Enamel

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/00220345211011590 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002203452110115

Author(s):

V.T. Pelá ◽

J.G.Q. Lunardelli ◽

C.K. Tokuhara ◽

C.C. Gironda ◽

N.D.G. Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Enamel ◽

Erosive Wear ◽

Tooth Wear ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Mitochondrial Activity ◽

Double Blind ◽

Enamel Erosion ◽

Bovine Enamel

The sugarcane cystatin (CaneCPI-5) was recently cloned and showed strong binding force to dental enamel and protection against initial erosion. However, evaluations on its safety and efficacy in a situation closer to the clinical condition are necessary. In the present study we analyzed 1) the cytotoxicity of CaneCPI-5 on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs); 2) the ability of CaneCPI-5 to reduce enamel erosion and erosion+abrasion in situ. In part 1, HGFs were treated with CaneCPI-5 (0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mg/mL) or no treatment (control). The cytotoxicity was assessed after 60 s and 24 h by mitochondrial activity (MTT), confocal microscopy, and hematoxylin/eosin staining. In part 2, 15 volunteers participated in a double-blind crossover protocol consisting of 3 phases, according to the following treatments: 1) 0.1 mg/mL CaneCPI-5; 2) SnCl2/NaF/AmF (Elmex; positive control); 3) water (negative control). The volunteers wore an appliance containing 4 bovine enamel specimens for 5 d. Each day, the specimens were individually treated with 50 µL of the tested solutions per 60 s and then subjected to erosive challenges (0.1% citric acid, pH 2.5, for 90 s, 4 times per day). After the first and last erosive challenge each day, 2 samples were abraded (toothbrushing, 15 s). Enamel wear was measured by contact profilometry. One or two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)/Tukey’s or Sidak’s tests ( P < 0.05) were applied. Regardless of the concentration and the experimental time, CaneCPI-5 did not decrease the cell viability compared to the negative control ( P < 0.05). Erosion+abrasion led to significantly greater wear compared to erosion only. For both conditions, the lowest wear was found for SnCl2 and CaneCPI-5, which did not differ significantly from each other, but showed significant protection when compared to the negative control. In conclusion, CaneCPI-5 is safe on HGFs and reduces enamel erosive wear to the same extent as a commercial solution used to control erosive tooth wear (ETW).

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