Evaluation of comedogenic potential of a paraben-free plant-based butter moisturizing cream: A double-blind, comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Monil Yogesh Neena Gala ◽  
Snehal Sameer Muchhala ◽  
Sujeet Narayan Charugulla ◽  
Rahul Rathod ◽  
Amey Mane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Test Product ◽  
Cosmetic Formulations ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: Comedogenicity is a critical factor in making of cosmetics and skin care products. The term “acne cosmetica” was coined to link the relationship between female acne to the use of cosmetic formulations, stating that the ingredients used in the cosmetic formulations have the potential to evoke a comedogenic response or produce comedones. Therefore, it is important that a skin care product is non-comedogenic and efficacious at the same time. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the comedogenic potential of the test product (Venusia Max Cream – paraben free) when applied topically under occluded patch to the skin. Material and Methods: This was a randomized, double-blinded, comparative study conducted in 24 healthy female participants, with prominent follicular orifices on the upper back region. Comedogenic potential of the test product (Venusia Max Cream – paraben free) was evaluated in comparison to positive (coconut oil) and negative (glycerin) controls in women. Each participant received topical application of test and control products under occluded patch to the skin on the upper aspect of the back, 3 times weekly for 4 weeks. Cyanoacrylate biopsies were performed before and after treatment to determine the microcomedones histologically. Microcomedones were graded using light microscopy and results were analyzed based on scale rating (0–3). Results: The mean comedone grading was assessed between positive versus negative control, and positive control versus test product. The mean comedone grades were significantly less in test product 0.41 ± 0.50 and negative control 0.82 ± 0.73 in comparison to positive control 2.09 ± 0.68. The test product was least comedogenic in this study. Furthermore, no adverse events were reported during the study period. Conclusion: Based on the histological evidence, Venusia Max Cream (paraben free) is a non-comedogenic, plant-based intense moisturizing cream and its use in regular skin care routine can be beneficial, particularly for acne prone and dry skin as it improves the skin hydration levels.

scholarly journals Biosafety devices to control the spread of potentially contaminated dispersion particles. New associated strategies for health environments

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255533
Author(s):  
Victor Angelo Martins Montalli ◽  
Patrícia Rejane de Freitas ◽  
Milenna de Figueiredo Torres ◽  
Oscar de Figueiredo Torres Junior ◽  
Dienne Hellen Moutinho De Vilhena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Uv C

Dental procedures produce a large amount of spatter and aerosols that create concern for the transmission of airborne diseases, such as Covid-19. This study established a methodology with the objective of evaluating new associated strategies to reduce the risk of cross-transmission in a health environment by simulating spread of potentially contaminated dispersion particles (PCDP) in the environment. This crossover study, was conducted in a school clinic environment (4 clinics containing 12 dental chairs each). As a positive control group (without barriers), 12 professionals activated at the same time the turbine of dental drill, for one minute, with a bacterial solution (Lactobacillus casei Shirota, 1.5x108 CFU/mL), which had been added in the cooling reservoir of the dental equipment. In the experimental groups, the professionals made use of; a) an individual biosafety barrier in dentistry (IBBD) which consists of a metal support covered by a disposable PVC film barrier; b) a Mobile Unit of Disinfection by Ultraviolet-C, consisting of 8 UV lamps-C of 95W, of 304μW/cm2 of irradiance each, connected for 15 minutes (UV-C) and; c) the association between the two methods (IBBD + UV-C). In each clinic, 56 Petri dishes containing MRS agar were positioned on the lamps, benches and on the floor. In addition, plates were placed prior to each test (negative control group) and plates were also placed in the corridor that connects the four clinics. In the groups without barrier and IBBD + UV-C the passive air microorganisms in Petri dishes was also evaluated at times of 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the end of the dental’s drill activation. The mean (standard deviation) of CFU of L. casei Shirota for the positive control group was 3905 (1521), while in the experimental groups the mean using the IBBD was 940 (466) CFU, establishing a reduction on average, of 75% (p<0.0001). For the UV-C group, the mean was 260 (309) CFU and the association of the use of IBBD + UV-C promoted an overall average count of 152 (257) CFU, establishing a reduction on average of 93% and 96%, respectively (p<0.0001). Considering these results and the study model used, the individual biosafety barrier associated with UV-C technology showed to be efficient strategies to reduce the dispersion of bioaerosols generated in an environment with high rate of PCDP generation and may be an alternative for the improvement of biosafety in different healthy environment.

scholarly journals Application of Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb. Reduce Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Interleukin-1β in Sprague Dawley Mice Suffering from Mastitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Prihantono Prihantono ◽  
Salman Ardi Syamsu ◽  
Nilam Smaradhania ◽  
Mardiana Ahmad ◽  
Nurul Aini Siagian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: Mastitis is an inflammation of the breast tissue, usually caused by bacteria. Mastitis stimulates pro-inflammatory cytokines. The cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a crucial mediator of the inflammatory response. This cytokine has adverse effects of hosting immunity that mediates resistance to pathogens and also exacerbates damage during chronic disease and acute tissue injury. Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb. has been used as an ethnomedicine for healing sores in several provinces in Indonesia. AIM: This study aimed to assess the profile of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β through the treatment effect of leaf extracts of S. taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb. as adjuvant for healing mastitis. METHODS: This study was a true control group experiment using the pre-test-post-test control design aimed to measure the effect of hydroalcoholic compounds in leaf extracts of S. taccada on the systemic pro-inflammatory activity of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The treated animals were 18 mice of Sprague Dawley strain induced by Staphylococcus aureus. These treated mice were divided into three groups in which each group consisted of six mice. The mice in the Group I (negative control) were given 1 ml aquabides/250 g body weight, those in the Group II (positive control) were delivered with 9.6 mg/ml amoxicillin/250 g body weight, and those in the Group III (experimental) were given 9.6 mg amoxicillin/250 g body weight + 400 mg/ml leaf extracts of S. taccada/g body weight for 5 days, respectively. Pathological examinations were carried out from the inflamed tissues to prove the healing process of the treated mice. IL-1Β levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc tests. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences of IL-1β levels after the administration of leaf extracts of S. taccada among all the treated mice groups at p < 0.05. The Group III had the lowest IL-1β level with the mean value ± 1.45 pg/ml compared to the IL-1β level in the Group II (positive control) with the mean value ± 3.82 pg/ml and the IL-1β level in the Group I (negative control) with the with mean value ± 5.22 pg/ml. The pathological analysis of breast tissues of the treated mice proved that leaf extracts of S. taccada (Gaertn Roxb.) could reduce damaged tissues, cellular infiltration, and subcutaneous edema induced by this pathogenic microorganism. CONCLUSION: Leaf extracts of S. taccada had a significant function as adjuvant for healing mastitis by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β.

Effect of Different Intermediary Bases on Microleakage of a Restorative Material in Class II Box Cavities of Primary Teeth

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faika Y. Abdelmegid ◽  
Fouad S. Salama ◽  
Waleed M. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Saud K. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Sultan O. Baghazal
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction The aim of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the effect of different intermediary bases on microleakage between tooth and a nanocomposite interface in Class II box cavities in primary teeth. Methods Standard Class II box cavities were prepared in 52 primary molars and randomly divided into 9 groups according to the intermediary base used (Multicore Flow, Fuji II LC, SDR, Smart Dentin Replacement, and Biodentine). All specimens were subjected to thermocycling and prepared for microleakage testing and evaluation. Results There was significant difference in the mean ranks of microleakage between the 9 groups, which was observed in the gingival side (p<0.0001) and the occlusal side (p<0.0001). The mean ranks microleakage was significantly higher with experimental SDR, experimental Multicore Flow, and positive control materials when compared with the other 6 groups. The microleakage mean ranks were statistically significantly lower in experimental Fuji II LC, experimental Biodentine, and all negative control groups when compared with the other 3 groups. Conclusions Microleakage is affected by the application of intermediate material. Experimental Biodentine and Fuji II LC showed the lowest microleakage while experimental SDR and experimental Multicore Flow showed the highest microleakage.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF MOUTH RINSE FORMULATION BASED ON CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE 0.1% IN THE CONTROL OF DENTAL CALCULUS BUILDUP

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diah Ayu Maharani ◽  
Alia Ramadhani ◽  
Melissa Adiatman ◽  
Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani ◽  
Linda Kusdhany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Dental Calculus ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: This study aimed at comparing the antiplaque, anticalculus, and antigingivitis potentials of a mouth rinse containing essential oil, alcohol,zinc, and fluoride with a mouth rinse containing cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) 0.1% over 1-, 2-, and 3-month periods.Methods: This study was a double-blind, parallel randomized clinical trial with a 3-day run-in phase. Respondents were asked to gargle twice dailywith 15 ml of mouth rinse for 30 seconds after brushing teeth. Respondents were 80 females with a mean age of 21 years, and a single dental examinerwas employed throughout the study to decrease the variance. Prophylaxis was performed for all respondents before the intervention. Three mouthrinses were tested: Group 1 with the mouth rinse containing CPC 0.1%, Group 2 as the negative control, and Group 3 as the positive control with amouth rinse containing alcohol. Evaluations were conducted by plaque index, gingival index, calculus index, and CariScreen examinations.Results: The clinical trial showed that the mouth rinse with alcohol and the mouth rinse containing CPC 0.1% were effective in inhibiting bacterialbuildup (antiplaque) and have anticalculus properties, but with no statistically significant antigingivitis effect.Conclusion: It was found that the mouth rinse containing alcohol has similar effectiveness with CPC 0.1% mouth rinse, but side effects, such as aburning sensation, were reported in the alcohol-containing mouth rinse.

scholarly journals Biological Effect of Leaf Aqueous Extract ofCaesalpinia pyramidalisin Goats Naturally Infected with Gastrointestinal Nematodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Robson Borges-dos-Santos ◽  
Jorge A. López ◽  
Luciano C. Santos ◽  
Farouk Zacharias ◽  
Jorge Maurício David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Leaf Aqueous Extract ◽  
The Mean

Forty-eight goats naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes were randomly divided into four groups (n=12): negative control (G1) (untreated), positive control (G2) (treated with doramectin, 1 mL/50 Kg b.w.), and G3 and G4 treated with 2.5 and 5 mg/Kg b.w. of a leaf aqueous extract ofCaesalpinia pyramidalis(CP). Fecal and blood samples were regularly collected for the evaluation of fecal egg count (FEC), hematological and immunological parameters to assess the anthelmintic activity. In treated animals with CP, there was noted a significant reduction of 54.6 and 71.2% in the mean FEC (P<0.05). An increase in IgA levels was observed in G3 and G4 (P<0.05), during the experimental period, suggesting that it was stimulated by the extract administration. In conclusion, the results showed that CP provoked a protective response in infected animals treated with them. This response could be partly explained by the CP chemical composition.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ACUTE CONSUMPTION OF HYDROLYZED OILS ON SWIMMING CAPACITY ENDURANCE OF MICE (MUS MUSCULUS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Jansen Silalahi ◽  
Wina A Barus ◽  
Dwi R Anggraini ◽  
Aminah Dalimunthe ◽  
Yosy C E Silalahi
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Medium Chain Triglyceride ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Rhizomucor Miehei ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Swimming Capacity

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrolyzed oils of different fatty acids composition on swimming capacity of mice.Methods:The oils used were Virgin Coconut oil (VCO) and Palm Kernel oil (PKO) as medium chain triglyceride (MCT) oils, Palm oil and Corn oil as long chain triglyceride (LCT) oils. Hydrolysis of the oil was performed with Rhizomucor miehei lipase enzyme. The mice were acclimatized and tested motoric to select the mice and divided into twenty groups, each group consisted of 5 mice. Each oil in the experiment were 0.1 ml, 0.2 ml, 0.4 ml/ 20 g BW, positive control was caffeine 13 mg/kg bw. Then, the mice were placed in a glass aquarium. Then swimming capacty endurance was measured.Results:.Non-hydrolyzed oils with dose of 0.1ml significantly induced swimming capacity of mice compared with negative control (distilled water) from 184.8 increased to 248.0 seconds by MCT oil, to 239.8 seconds by unsaturated LCT oil and to 214.8 seconds by saturated LCT oil. The hydrolyzed oils increased swimming capacity ± 65% by hydrolyzed MCT oils, ±54% by hydrolyzed unsaturated LCT oil and 21% by hydrolyzed saturated LCT oil. The hydrolyzed corn oil at high dose (0.4ml) was more effective to increase swimming capacity than saturated MCT (VCO and PKO) and LCT oil (palm oil).Conclusion:The results suggest that hydrolyzed MCT and LCT oils are more effective to increase swimming capacity than non-hydrolyzed.

scholarly journals 2. Anti-Bacterial Activity Of N-Hexane Extract Of Malacca Leave (Phyllanthus emblica) On Mice (Mus musculus) Inoculated By Staphylococcus epidermidis In Vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Sarah Syahputri ◽  
Nuzul Asmilia ◽  
Rinidar Rinidar ◽  
Amalia Sutriana ◽  
Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
The Mean

Malacca plant (Phyllanthus emblica) is one of the medicinal plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of n-hexane extract of Malacca (Phyllanthus emblica) leaves on the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria in vivo. All mice were first induced by Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Negative control (K1) was given aquadest, positive control (K2) was given ciproflaxacin suspension at doses of 20 mg/kg BW, while K3, K4, and K5 were given n-hexane extract of Malacca leave at dose of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 300 mg/kg BW. Respectively blood sampling was carried out on the 5th day after treatment. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the mean (± SD) number of bacterial colonies in K1 was 656x10² cfu/ml. The average number of bacterial colonies in K2 was 2328x10² cfu/ml. The average number of bacterial colonies given n-hexane extract of malacca leave 100 mg/kg BW on K3 was 359,60x10² cfu/ml. The average number of bacterial colonies given n-hexane extract of malacca leave 200 mg/kg BW at K4 was 200x10² cfu/ml and the average number of bacterial colonies given n-hexane extract of malacca leave 300 mg/kg BW at K5 was 3483x10² cfu/ml. The results showed there were no significant difference among treatment groups (P 0.05). N-hexane extract of malacca leave was unable to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria in vivo

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JUS BUAH BELIMBING WULUH (AVERRHOA BILIMBI L.) TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL LDL DARAH TIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) JANTAN GALUR WISTAR DENGAN DIET TINGGI LEMAK

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Kartika Dwi Rahminiwati ◽  
◽  
IGM Antara Hambarsika ◽  
Fitri Handajani ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
The Mean

A high-fat diet can increase lipoprotein levels, total cholesterol, (Low Density Lipoprotein) LDL, and triglycerides. Starfruit has saponin and flavonoid compounds which are expected to reducing LDL cholesterol levels. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of starfruit juice on lowering the blood cholesterol LDL of Wistar rats fed with high-fat diet. Experimental study with post-test only control group design. As many as 24 male white rats from the Wistar strain were divided into 3 groups: negative control groups (K-) that were given standard feed for 28 days; positive control group (K+) who were given a high-fat diet for 28 days; the treatment group (KP) was given a high-fat diet for 28 days and on the 15th day 28th they were given a starfruit juice with a dose of 4ml / 200grBB / day. Day 29 measured LDL cholesterol. The statistic test showed a significant increase in LDL cholesterol levels (p=0.001) in the positive control group (x=12.125±2.642 mg/dL) compared to the negative control group (x=7.625±1.506 mg/dL). There was no significant different the mean cholesterol level of the treatment group (x=11±1.927) compared to the mean LDL cholesterol level of the positive control group (x=12.125±2.642). A high-fat diet significantly increases the mean LDL cholesterol level. Starfruit juice did not significantly reduce LDL cholesterol level.

scholarly journals THROMBOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF C.AMADA AND C.CAESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Vijaya Bharathi Saravana Sankar ◽  
Anuradha V ◽  
Ali Ahmad ◽  
Sani Mohammed Tajo
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Water

Objective: To compare the thrombolytic activity of C.amada and C. caesia.Methods: Hydro alcoholic extractions of C.amada and C. caesia were prepared. Clot lysis potential of the extracts was checked and the results were statistically analysed.Result and Conclusion: On comparing the thrombolytic potential, the % of clot lysis of silver nanoparticle synthesized using C. caesia (51%) was found to be higher than C.amada (34.7%) extract. Similarly C. caesia extract (38.75 ± 2.217) showed higher % of clot lysis than C.amada (34.74 ± 6.074). The mean percentage of clot lysis of rhizome extracts and synthesized silver nanoparticle were statistically more significant (p value < 0.05) when compared to the positive control streptokinase and negative control water. Active component involvement analysis will be helpful to utilize the C.amada and C. caesia as potent therapeutic agent.Key words: C.amada, C. caesia, thrombolytic potential.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Arabic Coffee and Black Tea in Reducing Halitosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled, Crossover Clinical Trial

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Hamad Alzoman ◽  
Ahmed Alzahrani ◽  
Khaled Alwehaiby ◽  
Waleed Alanazi ◽  
Mohammed AlSarhan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Breath Sample ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Pre Treatment

The aim of the study was to objectively evaluate the short-term effect of Arabic coffee and black tea on oral halitosis. This study was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial on 17 healthy individuals. During the initial visit, pre-treatment breath samples were collected from each subject and analyzed using portable gas chromatography (OralChroma™). Four interventions were evaluated, with Arabic coffee and black tea as the test intervention tools, mouthwash containing a solution (0.05% chlorhexidine, 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride, and 0.14% zinc lactate (CHX-CPC-Zn)) as a positive control, and drinking water as a negative control. Halitosis was induced by rinsing with 10 mL solution of L-cysteine for 30 s. Twenty minutes later, a breath sample was taken to record the baseline volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) levels (T0). Then, the participants were asked to rinse with 10 mL of a randomly-assigned solution for 30 s. Sixty minutes later, another breath sample was recorded (T1). Finally, after 120 min, the final breath sample was recorded (T2). It was found that rinsing with Arabic coffee decreased the level of H2S both in the first hour (T1) and the second hour (T2). The reduction was significantly greater at T1 (p = 0.017). There was a similar result after the volunteers rinsed with black tea. At T2, Arabic coffee showed a substantially greater reduction in H2S (p < 0.001). On the contrary, using CHX-CPC-Zn showed a significant and continuous decrease in H2S values in the breath throughout the experiment (p < 0.001). Water showed no significant impact on the level of VSC (p = 0.71). This study demonstrates that black tea and Arabic coffee had inhibitory effects on halitosis that was greater in the first hour and was not sustained over a long period. Additionally, Arabic coffee had a greater inhibitory effect on halitosis than black tea.

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