scholarly journals Negative Theology and Love in Marguerite Porete’s The Mirror of Simple Souls

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-157
Author(s):  
Deirdre Carabine

In this paper I examine Marguerite Porete’s The Mirror of Simple Souls as an illustration of how the two concepts: love and negative theology can be brought together in an unusual spiritual journey. The thesis I develop is that both have the same impetus: a going out of oneself. Love is extasis because it is the going out into the heart of an other; extasis is the central moment in a negative theology when the soul no longer knows either the self or God but is in the same place as, or is united to, God. Following a brief exposition of negative theology, I explain how Porete portrays the soul become what she truly is by falling out of herself under the impetus of love. When the soul is liberated from will and reason her divine lover can be and love in her. In Porete’s falling into the ocean of the Divine, she is made no thing so that her divine lover can be all. Her self-annihilation is the portal to her deification when she is finally changed into God. The continuous hominification of God and divinization of humanity is the eternal process of Love loving Love’s self. Porete focuses on the self rather than on purifying God concepts; it is a relentless stripping the self of all that is creaturely to make the soul an empty dwelling place for Love to reside. Thus, Porete’s is a radical negative theology: she never “knows” God even when she becomes Love’s dwelling place.

Author(s):  
George Pattison

Is the devout life a form of mysticism? Noting recent trends in the discussion of mysticism it is concluded that it is ‘mystical’ only if this is not confused with an experientially oriented spirituality or negative theology. Revisiting the relationship between will and affection, it is argued that the annihilation of the self opens the way for a spiritual life marked by dynamic movement and openness, in contrast to a claustrophobic self defined by volitional necessity. Although preferring silence, the devout authors believe devotion is set in motion by a divine call, but in post-Christian society, the motive power of basic life-choices is widely regarded as either ‘life’ or the internalized voices of society. How could a call from God be possible and how would one know it to be from God? These questions end Part 1 of the enquiry and set the stage for Part 2, The Rhetorics of the Word.


Author(s):  
An Yountae

This chapter examines the notion of the abyss as it has been developed within the tradition of Western philosophy and theology. It traces the abyss back to its first inception in Neoplatonic philosophy by Plato and his Timaeus, followed by Plotinus who develops the traces of panentheist mysticism lurking in Plato’s system into the seed of negative theology. In the Neoplatonic tradition and medieval mysticism of Pseudo-Dioysius and Meister Eckhart, the abyss points to the theological crossroad in which finitude and infinity, creaturely vulnerability and divine potency intersect with each other. The paradoxical path of via negativa renders the abyss a site of uncertainty and unknowing in which both God and the self are uncreated (Eckhart). Subsequently, the ethical implication or potential of the abyss is probed via the works of contemporary philosophers (Jacques Derrida, Jean-Luc Marion, Slavoj Zizek) who engage negative theology from a postmodern perspective.


Author(s):  
Paul B. Decock

Philo of Alexandria represents a Hellenistic tradition of reading the Scriptures in which reading is seen as a spiritual exercise together with other spiritual exercises, like attention, thorough investigation of the issues, self-mastery, detachment, etcetera (see Her. 253; Leg. 3:18), which has as aim the transformation and growth of the person towards the good and happy life. Interaction with the spiritual wealth of the Greek philosophical traditions was seen as a fruitful asset and challenge. This article highlights some of the key themes of Philo’s philosophical or spiritual reading of the Scriptures: the priority of God and of the health of the soul, the importance of human progress, the recognition of one’s nothingness in order to know God, the necessity to choose, human effort and divine achievement, as well as harmony with God, nature and the self as the aims of the good life. Christian spiritual writers, like Origen, found in Philo’s approach to the Scriptures and in his reflections on the spiritual journey a very inspiring model.


1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni Gonzalo Carbó

Resumen: La capacidad visionaria que se traduce en valoración consciente de la Imagen como tal, es discernible en toda la obra de Ibn ʿArabī. Según el gran maestro andalusí, el conocimiento más elevado de la desnudez absoluta de la Esencia divina está más allá de toda imagen (la Entbildung del Maestro Eckhart o el Bildlosigkeit de Enrique Suso). Si en contexto de la mística renana del siglo XIII el Maestro Eckhart habla de la «imagen sin imagen» (bîld âne bîld) de Dios, un siglo antes el gran místico persa Farīd al-Dīn ʿAṭṭār se refiere a la Realidad divina en similares términos a las teofanías akbaríes más allá de las formas o de las imágenes: no-imagen (per. naqš-bi-naqš, bi-ṣūra, bi-nišān; cf. el Bildlosigkeit de Enrique Suso), i.e., la imagen original del mundo Invisible. Según Ibn ʿArabī, Él está más allá de cualquier representación, pero también más allá incluso de la ausencia de representación. Las teofanías más allá de las imágenes, que revelan la esencia divina en su completa desnudez, exigen la aniquilación del sujeto, la abolición provisional del yo, que, en el fondo de la experiencia, ignora incluso que está viendo a Dios. Solo puede aprehender ese portentoso hecho una vez que retorna a su conciencia ordinaria: «Si Me encuentras no Me verás, mas Me verás si Me pierdes»; «El que me ve y sabe que me ve, no me ve». El conocimiento supremo de Dios coincide con la ignorancia absoluta del propio yo, estando reservado para quien, sumido en la noche de su nada original, ha olvidado incluso su propio ser. La poesía de Mallarmé y de Rilke nos sirven para introducir, en el contexto de la espiritualidad islámica que nos ocupa, dos temas relacionados con la teología negativa: en primer lugar, el sentido simbólico que en el sufismo la blancura tiene como expresión del mundo invisible, y en segundo lugar, y estrechamente afín con el anterior, la trascendencia, abstracción e ignorancia que, en la mística de Ibn ʿArabī, van vinculadas a las teofanías más allá de las imágenes en el marco de la visión suprema del Increado. Su traslación al arte lo encontramos en los recursos a la pantalla vacía de imágenes en el cine de Robert Bresson o en la extinción de la imagen en el de Abbas Kiarostami.Abstract: The visionary ability that translates into a conscious appraisal of the Image as such, can be discerned in all of the works of Ibn ʿArabī. According to this great Andalusian master, the highest knowledge of the absolute nakedness of the divine essence lies beyond all images (e.g., in the Entbildung of Meister Eckhart or the Bildlosigkeit of Henry Suso). If in the context of the Rhineland mysticism of the thirteenth century, Meister Eckhart speaks of the «image without image» (bîld âne bîld) of God, a century earlier the great Persian mystic Farīd al-Dīn ʿAṭṭār refers to the divine Reality in terms similar to the akbarian theophanies beyond form and image: the non-image (in Persian, naqš-bi-naqš, bi-ṣūra, bi-nišān; cf. the Bildlosigkeit of Henry Suso), i.e., the original image of the invisible world. According to Ibn ʿArabī, He is beyond all representation, but also beyond even the absence of representation. Theophanies beyond images, which reveal the divine essence in its complete nakedness, demand the annihilation of the subject, the provisional abolition of the self, which, in the depths of experience, does not know even that it looks upon God. One only apprehends this prodigious fact on returning to ordinary consciousness: «If you find Me you will not see Me, but you will see Me if you lose Me»; «He who sees me and knows that he sees me, does not see me». The supreme knowledge of God coincides with absolute ignorance of the self. It is reserved for those who, immersed in the night of their original nothingness, have forgotten even their own being. In the context of Islamic spirituality as it concerns us here, the poetry of Mallarmé and Rilke serves to introduce two subjects related to negative theology: the first is the symbolic meaning that whiteness takes on in Sufism as an expression of the invisible world; and the second, which is closely connected to the first, is that transcendence, abstraction and ignorance, in the mysticism of Ibn ʿArabī, are linked to the theophanies beyond images in the framework of a supreme vision of the Uncreated. This vision is translated into art through the use of the blank screen, emptied of images, in the cinema of Robert Bresson and also through the extinction of the image in the cinema of Abbas Kiarostami.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Fernanda de Castro ◽  
Maria Manuel Baptista

Abstract This paper analyzes the travel journal of Madeiran author Maria Celina de Sauvayre da Câmara, De Nápoles a Jerusalém [From Naples to Jerusalem],3 dated 1899, from a Cultural Studies perspective. The present study focuses on pilgrimage, a physical and spiritual journey, as a ritualistic and mystical performance which, by means of staging and writing, composes a practice that allows physical and spiritual deterritorialization and reterritorialisation and the negotiation, through the sacred and through religion, of tolerances, concessions and availabilities of the subject regarding the acceptance of the Other’s religious difference, giving rise to new senses. The treatment of pilgrimage as a means of promoting contact with the Other(s), leading to deep processes of self and hetero-knowledge linked to rituals that contemplate sacred and profane space(s) and time(s) and binomial or culturally constructed representations, wherein discourses of power emerge, is inextricable in this discussion. The travel journal is a testimony to the articulations between sacred and profane and a mechanism perpetuating hegemonic and orientalist discourses derived from intrinsic relations and practices of power in the sociocultural context of individuals. We envisage pilgrimage as a transforming practice and a means of (re-)cognition and (re)construction of the Self/Other, through a personal and sacred/profane cartography promoted by writing and exalting the feeling of religious community.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. SV57-SV74
Author(s):  
Martin Kindermann

The intertwinement of poetic life writing and theological reflections has a long-standing history in British literature. This paper shows how two Victorian poets – Gerard Manley Hopkins and W. Abdullah Quilliam – use dialogic strategies to establish an autobiographic voice, which becomes an essential poetic means of the text. Through the representation of dialogic encounters, the poems establish an autobiographic mode of speaking, which is used to articulate individual conversion experiences and to negotiate conversion as an encounter with God. Based on the works of Martin Buber and Emmanuel Levinas, I will show how a dynamic understanding of text and conversion experience is essential to a reading that seeks to explore the poetic construction of Hopkins’s as well as Quilliam’s works. The representation of the dynamic encounter of the self and the Divine in the contact zone of the text provides a frame in which the authors locate themselves with regard to the religious majority of Victorian Britain. The texts link the spiritual journey of conversion to the self as being caught in the world, responding to God’s call as an answer to the world’s condition.


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Francesca Peruzzotti

This paper aims to draw a connection between Jacques Derrida and Jean-Luc Marion in regard to the role of negative theology. This scrutiny shows meaningful contributions of the Authors to a new definition of subjectivity in a post-metaphysical age, and their consideration about which possibilities are still open for a non-predetermined history given outside of the presence domain. The future is neither a totalisation of history by its end, nor a simple continuation of the present. It is an eschatological event, where the relationship with the other plays a crucial role for the self-constitution. Such an interlacement is generated by the confession, where the link between past and future is not causally determined, but instead it is self-witness, as in Augustine’s masterpiece, essential reference for both the Authors


1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Sherman ◽  
Theodore A. Webb

ABSTRACTAgeing has been referred to as a spiritual journey. Empirical data from gerontological research and paractice literature on the phenomenon of late-life reminiscence reveal a sense of self as process, and ageing as a spiritual journey for a number of older persons. The empirical data experiential reports on reminiscence from the elderly themselves point to a life trajectory of ‘joruney’ of the self that moves from a possessive attachment to an identification with the physical self, significant others, and material belongings to a view of self as a process, as ‘being’ rather than ‘having’ within and as part of a larger process. A process conception of the self derived from William James, contemporary social science, and process theology is delineated to explain the nature of this journey and this process. Two older women who illustrate the process conception of self in their reminiscences are presented, followed by a discussion of the spiritual implications of this conception.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Tonello ◽  
Luca Giacobbi ◽  
Alberto Pettenon ◽  
Alessandro Scuotto ◽  
Massimo Cocchi ◽  
...  

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) subjects can present temporary behaviors of acute agitation and aggressiveness, named problem behaviors. They have been shown to be consistent with the self-organized criticality (SOC), a model wherein occasionally occurring “catastrophic events” are necessary in order to maintain a self-organized “critical equilibrium.” The SOC can represent the psychopathology network structures and additionally suggests that they can be considered as self-organized systems.


Author(s):  
M. Kessel ◽  
R. MacColl

The major protein of the blue-green algae is the biliprotein, C-phycocyanin (Amax = 620 nm), which is presumed to exist in the cell in the form of distinct aggregates called phycobilisomes. The self-assembly of C-phycocyanin from monomer to hexamer has been extensively studied, but the proposed next step in the assembly of a phycobilisome, the formation of 19s subunits, is completely unknown. We have used electron microscopy and analytical ultracentrifugation in combination with a method for rapid and gentle extraction of phycocyanin to study its subunit structure and assembly.To establish the existence of phycobilisomes, cells of P. boryanum in the log phase of growth, growing at a light intensity of 200 foot candles, were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.0, for 3 hours at 4°C. The cells were post-fixed in 1% OsO4 in the same buffer overnight. Material was stained for 1 hour in uranyl acetate (1%), dehydrated and embedded in araldite and examined in thin sections.


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