scholarly journals Rovviltforvaltning og reindriftsnæringen: Hvordan kan en todelt målsetting praktiseres i samsvar med internasjonale konvensjoner?

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-238
Author(s):  
Svein Morten Eilertsen ◽  
Jan Åge Riseth
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
Reindeer Herding ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Correct Number ◽  
Predator Management ◽  
Grazing Area

In Norway, both reindeer herders and sheep farmers base their meat production on natural outfield (utmark) pastures during the summer. In winter, most of the sheep are housed and fed indoors, while the reindeer survive on outfield pastures the whole year. During the last few decades, the losses of both sheep and reindeer to protected carnivores has increased in several areas in Norway. In this article, we focus on reindeer herding in the Troms and Nordland reindeer grazing area (reinbeiteområde). Due to large losses of reindeer calves, during the period from their birth in spring until late autumn, several reindeer herding districts hardly have any animals for slaughter. This has a very negative impact on both the economy and the cultural way of life. This article also discusses the reasons why it is difficult to document/prove who or what is responsible for the losses of reindeer calves. It is difficult to get permission to cull extra-active predators if the politically determined quota in each management region is not fulfilled. Documenting the correct number of predators inside each management region is therefore very important for reindeer herding and sheep farming. This has led to criticism and demonstrations by reindeer herders and sheep farmers. Norwegian predator policy formally builds on differentiated management. However, external review reveals that the management model builds on erroneous assumptions. Further, international law also requires that the burden created by predators does not unduly affect indigenous culture. The authors conclude that there is a need for extensive reforms in predator management in Norway.

scholarly journals Infância, catequese e aculturação no Brasil do século 16

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (199) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Bittar ◽  
Amarílio Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Central Object ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
Central Elements ◽  
Cultural Domination ◽  
In The Beginning

Discute as formas de imposição do padrão cultural ocidental-cristão nas terras brasílicas durante o século 16. Os jesuítas, nos marcos da Contra-Reforma, atuaram como uma espécie de "intelectuais orgânicos" do sistema colonial português. A princípio, a ação jesuítica centrou-se na catequese e na educação das crianças índias e mamelucas, procurando, por meio delas, atrair seus pais para os princípios cristãos. As crianças foram objeto central da pedagogia jesuítica. Na ação de catequese propriamente dita, os padres combatiam os elementos centrais da cultura indígena: a antropofagia, a nudez, a poligamia e o nomadismo. A escola do bê-á-bá, no século 16, constitui, pois, um dos pilares ideológicos sobre o qual se consolidou a ordem colonial portuguesa no Brasil. Palavras-chave: catequese jesuítica; dominação cultural; crianças indígenas. Abstract This article discusses the forms of imposition of the western Christian cultural standard of Brazil during the XVI century. The Jesuits, in the steps of the Counter Reform, served as types of "organic intellectuals" of the colonial Portuguese system. In the beginning, the Jesuit action centred on the catechism and on the education of Indian and mameluke children, seeking, through them, to attract their parents to Christian principles. The children were the central object of Jesuit pedagogy. Within the catechism specifically, the priests combated the central elements of indigenous culture: anthropophagi, nakedness, polygamy, and of the nomadic way of life. The elementary school in the XVI century thus constituted one of the ideological pillars on which the colonial Portuguese order was consolidated in Brazil. Keywords: jesuit catechism; cultural domination; indigenous children.

scholarly journals Street Vendors Hypergrowth: Consequence of Uncontrolled Urbanization In Semarang City

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sariffuddin Sariffuddin ◽  
Hadi Wahyono ◽  
Brotosunaryo Brotosunaryo
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Interview

This paper aims to understand the role of urbanization in the emergence of in urban area street vendors. In the case of Semarang, more than 54% of its street vendors come from its hinterlands. These sectors turn to development dichotomy that have a positive and negative impact. Positively, this area becomes peoples economic resilience. In the negative side, more than 60% of vendors make their stall in the public space. This research uses a mix-method approach taking 271 samples, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview. From this study, it can be concluded that urbanization has led to the outbreak of street vendors through (1) rural-urban migration, and (2) social change as a result of gentrification. Working as street vendors turned out to be an alternative way of life to adapt to global economic uncertainty. Also, there are 71.6% of street vendors open their stalls in 2003-2009, or about 6-7 years after the monetary crisis (1997). It shows that the financial crisis is not the primary trigger for the outbreak of street vendors. Another interesting finding is that there is a new phenomenon in the form of the intervention of the middle class who took part in this business.

scholarly journals Phenomenal Bombardment of Antibiotic in Poultry: Contemplating the Environmental Repercussions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5053
Author(s):  
Muthu Manikandan ◽  
Sechul Chun ◽  
Zakayo Kazibwe ◽  
Judy Gopal ◽  
Udai Bhan Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Litter Composting

Antibiotics have constantly been added at an unprecedented rate in order to enhance poultry meat production. Such antibiotics impose a negative impact on human health directly through meat and egg consumption. On the other hand, they also affect humans indirectly by affecting the normal key microbial processes in the agricultural environments, when used as poultry compost. For many years, farmers have been turning poultry litter into compost for agricultural use. Very few studies have addressed the fate of the unmetabolized antibiotic residues in poultry litter that could potentially affect microbial communities when used as poultry compost. We have also questioned the fate of residual antibiotic in poultry waste which may create possible negative environmental pressure on microbial communities that are involved in microbial mediated poultry litter composting processes. The incorporation of antibiotic degrading environmental isolates in poultry litter at the initial stage of composting in order to accelerate the process is addressed in this review as a future perspective.

scholarly journals A Model for Innovation Culture Management in Organizations (IVALUE 7)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgul Keles ◽  
Tezer Battal
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Development ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Innovation Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Innovative Culture ◽  
Industrial Revolutions ◽  
Strategic Goal

Governments, companies, universities, institutes, and individuals all over the world have prioritized innovation on their agenda and some have declared innovation as a strategic goal, but for a few of them, innovation has been a way of life. Organizational development depends on human capabilities more than ever. Not just intellectual, emotional, executive, experiential, and physical quotients of human capacity, but also creative, spiritual, passionate, motivational, and social quotients now need to be considered. When an invention is valued, it becomes an innovation. Although, innovation began with human, it is hard to pinpoint the first inventor in history. Transformation from a learning organization to a thinking organization is needed to be able to sustain innovative culture. At this point, the hard question is how? A smart, creative and dynamic innovation culture will help organizations to see the value of invention. In this study, a brief review is first made on the historical backgrounds of universities, institutes, industrial revolutions, and management systems in order to understand the evolution of the concept of innovation. Then, IVALUE7, a management model for dynamic, smart innovation organizational culture, will be introduced and discussed.

scholarly journals PERSENTUHAN AGAMA ISAM DENGAN KEBUDAYAAN ASLI INDONESIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deni Miharja
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
Puppet Show ◽  
Almost All

<p>Abstrak: Islam masuk ke Indonesia tidak dalam kondisi hampa budaya. Telah ada budaya setempat yang berkembang dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini melahirkan akulturasi budaya antara ajaran Islam dan budaya masyarakat setempat. Di sisi lain, tata cara pelaksanaan ajaran Islam lebih bercorak keindonesiaan (lokal) dan tidak sepenuhnya sama dengan wilayah aslinya di Timur Tengah. Tulisan ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana persentuhan agama Islam dengan kebudayaan lokal Indonesia, terutama dengan budaya Sunda. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa hampir seluruh ranah kehidupan orang Sunda mengandung nilai-nilai yang Islami. Ajaran dan hukum dalam masyarakat Sunda pun disosialisasikan melalui seni dan budaya, seperti pada lakon pewayangan (wayang golek), lagu-lagu, pantun, dan banyolan-banyolan. Ajaran Islam melalui media wayang golek meliputi Islam sebagai a way of life, termasuk ajaran dasar tentang ketatanegaraan dan pemerintahan. Ajaran Islam melalui pewayangan seringkali menekankan ketaatan kepada ajaran agama dan negara secara bersamaan dan ber- kesinambungan yang mencerminkan pemahaman atas perintah ketaatan kepada Allah, Rasul dan ûli al-amri sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam al-Qur‘an.</p><p><br />Abstract: The Convergence of Islamic Religion with the Indonesian Indigenous Culture. When Islam first entered Indonesian archipelago, this land was not culturally an empty space. There had existed local culture and developed in the Indonesian society, that has led to cultural acculturation between Islamic teachings and indigenous culture. As such, the ways of observing Islamic teachings are of Indonesian character and not necessarily similar to that of its origin in the Middle East. This paper explores how the convergence of Islamic religious teachings and the Indonesian local culture, especially the Sundanese had occurred. The author concludes that almost all aspects of Sundanese social life have been influenced by the Islamic values. The teaching and law in the Sundanese society could also be associated through art and culture, in such as puppet show (wayang golek), songs, poetry and anecdotes. The Islamic teaching through puppet show has often emphasized obedience to both religious teachings and the state simultaneously as reflection of understanding the fulfillment of God’s command, the Messenger and leader (ûli al-amri) found in the Qur’anic tenets.<br /><br />Kata Kunci : agama Islam, kebudayaan asli, akulturasi<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Understanding Face and Shame: A Servant-Leadership and Face Management Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Jiying Song
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Hermeneutic Phenomenological ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Face Management ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Church

Clergy can have a negative impact on churches and other individuals when they knowingly or unknowingly attempt to save face, that is, try to protect their standing or reputation. The desire to gain face and the fear of losing face and feeling ashamed will likely permeate clergy’s decision-making processes without even being noticed. This study explores the essence of face and face management and the relationship between face management and two characteristics of servant-leadership—awareness and healing—in both Chinese and American churches through the methodology of hermeneutic phenomenology. Prior to this study, to my knowledge, no hermeneutic phenomenological research of face management has been conducted in a church setting. Through a review of the literature, four areas are explored: face and shame, face management, servant-leadership, and face, shame, and face management within the church. This study obtained approval from the Institutional Review Board and informed consent from the participants. Three Chinese and three American Christian ministers were chosen to complete a question sheet and participate in two semi-structured interview sessions. A first cycle of open coding and second cycle of pattern coding were used during data analysis. Face experiences are discussed in light of eight major themes: body, triggers, becoming, face concepts, strategies, emotions, servant-leadership, and the church. Findings from the study help build a servant-leadership and face management model, which can offer an anchored approach for clergy and pastoral counselors to address face and shame and to develop therapeutic interventions.

Sámi reindeer herding as resilient way of life

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-270
Author(s):  
Jan Erik Henriksen ◽  
Ida Hydle
Keyword(s):  
Reindeer Herding ◽  
Way Of Life

scholarly journals 54 The Heat is On: Heat stress induces radical changes in skeletal muscle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 58-58
Author(s):  
Josh Selsby ◽  
Shanthi Ganesan ◽  
Robert Rhoads ◽  
Lance H Baumgard
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Injury ◽  
Environmental Models

Abstract Heat stress continues to undermine efficient meat production and meat quality. It also jeopardizes human and animal health and wellbeing, regionalizes animal production, and threatens food security. Environmental models predict more frequent and severe heat waves, even in areas previously considered temperate indicating this problem will continue to have a progressively expanding, deleterious impact on agricultural productivity. Despite the broad, negative impact of heat stress little is known about underlying mechanisms leading to phenotypic outcomes. Because of its mass and energetic demands, skeletal muscle contributes greatly to regulation of systemic metabolism. We have discovered heat stress causes robust but transient oxidative stress and activation of apoptotic signaling in skeletal muscle in as little as two hours. Interestingly, these declined linearly through six hours concomitant with markers of increased autophagy and mitophagy, which would facilitate the removal of damaged mitochondria. Continued heating through 24 h causes a resumption of oxidative stress and autophagic dysfunction with an accumulation of autophagosomes and mitochondria. As mitochondrial injury and autophagic dysregulation appear to be key mediators of hyperthermic muscle dysfunction we propose a model that posits progressive mitochondrial injury leads to production of free radicals that overwhelms antioxidant systems and impairs autophagy facilitating accumulation of damaged, pro-oxidant mitochondria. Ultimately, these aforementioned changes may reduce efficient protein accretion. Our current work is focused on stimulating autophagy and protecting mitochondria during heat stress in an effort to maintain efficient muscle growth.

Composition and characterisation of kafirin, the dominant protein fraction in grain sorghum

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1163
Author(s):  
Peter H. Selle ◽  
Bernard V. McInerney ◽  
Leon R. McQuade ◽  
Ali Khoddami ◽  
Peter V. Chrystal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Sorghum Protein

Context Sorghum is an important feed grain for chicken-meat production in Australia. However, it is usually considered inferior to wheat – the foremost feed grain. Kafirin, the dominant protein fraction in sorghum, may be a major contributor to this inferiority due to its negative influence on starch digestion and energy utilisation. Aims The objective of this study was to determine kafirin concentrations in sorghum relative to crude protein and amino acid profiles of both kafirin and total sorghum protein. Methods Concentrations of amino acids and kafirin in 19 Premium Grains for Livestock Program sorghum varieties were quantified. These data were combined with that of up to 14 Poultry Research Foundation sorghum varieties to generate the most exhaustive documentation of its kind. The methodology developed to quantify kafirin concentrations in sorghum is thoroughly described. In addition, essential amino acid profiles in 25 grain sorghums from Australian surveys completed in 1998, 2009 and 2016 were compared statistically. Also, consideration was given to relevant near-infrared spectroscopy predicted data from 992 sorghum varieties from 2014 to 2019. Key results The average kafirin concentration of 48.2 g/kg represented 51.9% of the 92.9 g/kg crude protein (N × 5.81) content in 33 varieties grain sorghum. Kafirin holds a substantial 62.7% share of leucine as the concentration was 8.53 g/kg in kafirin as opposed 13.73 g/kg in total sorghum protein. The proposal was advanced that kafirin contents of local sorghum crops have increased during the past two decades from the 1998, 2009 and 2016 surveys of amino acid profiles in grain sorghum. Conclusions Kafirin concentrations in Australian sorghum crops may have increased over the past two decades, which may be having a negative impact on the performance of broiler chickens offered sorghum-based diets. Implications Breeding programs should be directed towards sorghums with lesser kafirin proportions of sorghum protein and/or modified kafirin protein bodies to enhance the nutritive value of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production.

Changes in Mobile Pastoralism and Grassland Degradation in Eastern Inner Mongolia

Inner Asia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-56
Author(s):  
Naran Torgonshar
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Grassland Degradation ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Mobile Pastoralism ◽  
Eastern Inner Mongolia

In recent decades mobile pastoralism in Inner Mongolia has been affected by political and social changes, such as the establishment of People’s Communes, the opening of coal- mines and the development of new cities. Privatisation of land and recent environmental policies aimed at preventing desertification have also had a negative impact on this way of life. The area over which herders can move their livestock has decreased, to the extent that herders now often remain in one camp all year round. This has led to severe degradation of the grassland. These issues are discussed in the context of the Jaruud hoshuu [banner] in eastern Inner Mongolia.

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