scholarly journals Condition of platelet factor of hemostasis system in pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis progression

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
Evgeniya V. Kondyurova ◽  
Tat`yana I. Vlasova ◽  
Vladimir A. Trofimov ◽  
Aleksey P. Vlasov ◽  
Ruslan A. Adamchik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Cellular Component ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Platelet Membranes ◽  
Oxidative Processes

Аim. Тo evaluate the structural and functional condition of platelets as a cellular component of the hemostasis system in chronic generalized periodontitis of different severity, and to establish its role in the progression of the disease. Materials and Мethods. Clinical studies included 83 patients (47 men and 36 women) with chronic generalized periodontitis, comparable in age and sex, divided into three groups according to the severity of the disease: the first group (n=21) – periodontitis of mild severity; the second group (n=36) – moderate degree of severity; the third group (n=26) – severe periodontitis. Methods of the study included evaluation of the structural and functional characteristics of periodontal tissues, general hygienic condition of the oral cavity, the severity of the inflammatory process according to index parameters; study of microcirculation of periodontal tissues, determination of the evidence of oxidative processes in saliva, blood plasma, platelets, study of lipid composition of platelets. Results. In chronic generalized periodontitis, pathological changes in the lipid composition of platelet membranes (an increase in the percentage of lysophospholipids and free fatty acids) were associated with systemic activation of oxidative processes and of phospholipase enzyme systems, which was accompanied by an increase in their aggregation activity.The degree of increase in the activity of platelets was associated with the severity of microcirculatory disturbances in the periodontal tissues. The condition of the cellular component of the hemostasis system correlated with the severity of the pathological process in the periodontium. In severe degree of chronic periodontitis, structural and functional changes in platelets were maximal. Conclusion. In chronic periodontitis, the systemic activation of oxidative processes leads to a modification of the lipid composition of platelet membranes, which contributes to increase in their aggregation activity playing an important role in the induction of hypercoagulation, microcirculation disturbances and progression of inflammation in the periodontal tissues.

scholarly journals Platelet Function in Hyperbetalipoproteinemia

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Colman
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Function ◽  
Platelet Membrane ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Pharmacologic Agent ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Platelet Membranes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Phospholipid Ratio

Individuals with familial hyperbetalipoproteinemia are at increased risk of premature atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Although there is controversy whether platelet survival is shortened or normal in this disease, several in vitro tests of platelet function after stimulation with ADP including electrophoretic migration, platelet factor 3, aggregation response and release of nucleotides have been found to be increased. These functional changes are accompanied by an increase of cholesterol to phospholipid ratio in the platelet membrane. Clofibrate and halofenate reverse some of these abnormalities in vitro and the former drug, when administered for 6 weeks to patients with type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia decreases platelet sensitivity to ADP and epinephrine. The platelet hypersensitivity to aggregating agents can be reproduced in vitro by increasing the cholesterol to phospholipid rather in normal platelets. These artificially hypersensitive platelets can be returned to normal by halofenate in vitro. Incorporation of cholesterol into platelet membranes increases the basal level of the membrane associated enzyme adenylate cyclase. However, the enzyme no longer responds to stimulation by prostaglandin E1, and this is associated with relative resistance of the platelet to inhibition by this pharmacologic agent. These functional alterations produced by cholesterol enrichment of platelet membranes occur in parallel with an increase in platelet membrane microviscosity suggesting that the more rigid membrane can alter the behavior cf membrane associated enzymes and receptors.

scholarly journals Microbiological landscape of the periodontal pocket in inflammatory diseases in the periodontal tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-338
Author(s):  
Stanislav V. Miklyaev ◽  
Olga M. Leonova ◽  
Andrey V. Sushchenko ◽  
Anton D. Kozlov ◽  
Ismail F. Agarizaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Localized Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Group 2

Relevance. The study of the microbiological composition of periodontal pockets in inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues is of great importance directly for the effective treatment and understanding of the pathogenetic stages of these diseases. Objective: to study the microbiological landscape of periodontal pockets with inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues. Materials and Methods. 62 patients aged 20 to 45 years were selected and divided into groups depending on the form of periodontitis: with localized aggressive periodontitis - group №1, group №2 - with chronic generalized periodontitis, group № 3 - with exacerbation of chronic generalized periodontitis. The material for the study was taken from the periodontal pockets and examined by cultural and microbiological methods. Results and Discussion. It was found that the proportion and number of microbial associations in the periodontal pockets of different depths differs. In localized aggressive periodontitis, mainly facultative Gr+ (A. actinomycetemcomitans) and Gr- (St. aureus, Str. mitis) anaerobes were found in the periodontal pockets no more than 4 mm. In generalized chronic periodontitis of moderate degree, the same microorganisms were present in the periodontal pockets as in the localized form, but Str. mitis was more common among facultative aerobes. With the exacerbation of generalized chronic periodontitis from facultative anaerobes, St. aureus was more common and the proportion and number of A. actinomycetemcomitans significantly increased. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the microorganisms that inhabit the periodontal pockets in inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues mainly belong to facultative Gr+ and Gr - anaerobes, obligate Gr+ and Gr-anaerobes and yeast fungi.

Comparative analysis of polymorphic variants of IL-17A and MMP-1 genes with the risk of developing chronic periodontitis in petrochemical workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 687-693
Author(s):  
Iskander I. Zaidullin ◽  
Denis O. Karimov ◽  
Lilija K. Karimova ◽  
Milyausha F. Kabirova ◽  
Rasima R. Galimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Dental Examination ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Harmful Substances

The susceptibility to the development and progression of inflammatory periodontal diseases, which depends on genetic and external factors (smoking, stress, oral hygiene), varies widely. In the development of these diseases, an important role is played not only by the presence of periodontal pathogenic microorganisms, but also by the presence of congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, immunoregulatory defects. The immune system plays a key role in the physiological and pathological processes of periodontal tissues. In this regard, IL17, produced by CD4+ Th cells, which has both Pro-inflammatory and protective activity, is of particular interest in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The aim of study was to identify the relationship between polymorphic loci of the IL-17A (rs2275913) and MMP-1 (rs1799750) genes and clinical manifestations of chronic periodontitis in petrochemical workers. Dental examination was performed in 92 ethylene oxide production workers with chronic periodontitis and 74 patients with chronic periodontitis who did not come into contact with chemical factors (control group). Genotyping of polymorphisms rs2275913 of the IL17A gene and rs1799750 of the MMP1 gene was performed by allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hygienic assessment of the degree of air pollution of the working area with harmful substances was carried out by gas chromatography according to the guidelines for the determination of harmful substances in the air № 5098-89, № 3119-84. When comparing the results of studies of both groups, there were no statistically significant differences in the frequency distributions of allelic variants and genotypes of the IL-17A and MMP-1 genes. The AA/AG genotypes of the IL-17A gene were associated with an increased risk of severe disease compared to the GG genotype in workers in the main group (OR=6.1; 95% CI 1.33-28.5; p=0.021) and in the control group (OR=7.26; 95% CI 1.34-39.25; p=0.016). Carriers of the A allele in the control group increased the risk of severe chronic periodontitis by 2.4 times compared to carriers of the G allele (OR=2.41; 95% CI 1.19-4.87; p=0.014). During the dental examination of employees of the ethylene oxide plant, the clinical course of periodontal diseases was more severe in comparison with the control group, and the number of patients with severe periodontitis was twice as high. It was found that the AA/AG genotypes of the IL-17A gene and the carrier of the A allele are associated with increased susceptibility to the development of severe chronic periodontitis. The association between the MMP-1 gene polymorphism and the risk of severe forms of chronic periodontitis has not been established. A risk factor for the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases in employees of the petrochemical complex is a complex of harmful production factors.

The Link between Fingerprints, Genetics & Chronic Periodontitis: A Dermatoglyphic Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S.Sai Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Fingerprint Pattern

Background: Several methods have been employed for diagnosing inflammatory conditions including biomarkers, enzymes and various other clinical parameters. Dermatoglyphics is one such field which has gained entry in Forensic Medicine, Forensic Odontology and in General Medicine for diagnosing chronic inflammatory conditions. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with destruction of periodontal tissues. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the fingerprint patterns and chronic periodontitis Methods: A total of 60 patients, belonging to both healthy and chronic periodontitis subjects were assessed by a commercially available fingerprint scanner. All the fingerprint images were assessed for the fingerprint pattern and the ridge count manually. The results were tabulated as percentage frequency distribution for the type of fingerprint pattern. The ridge count is shown as mean ± SD. Unpaired t test was applied to test for statistical significance. Results: The frequency distribution showed equal percentage of Radial Loop type of fingerprint pattern in subjects of both Health and Chronic Periodontitis. Statistical analysis showed Plain Whorl type of fingerprint pattern more significant in subjects having Chronic Periodontitis Conclusion: It was concluded that there might be a relationship between type of fingerprint pattern to the chances of a person having Chronic Periodontitis.

scholarly journals Implant Treatment with 12-Year Follow-Up in a Patient with Severe Chronic Periodontitis: A Case Report and Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Seki ◽  
Yoshiyuki Hagiwara
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Implant Treatment

Tooth loss among adults is associated with progressive periodontitis. Implant prosthetic treatment has long been utilized in periodontal patients. Even when the implants are applied, ongoing management of periodontal disease and control of inflammation is necessary to maintain a healthy oral cavity. Lack of appropriate periodontal treatment can result in recurrence of periodontal disease during a maintenance period; loss of the supportive capacity of the periodontal tissues will increase the susceptibility of residual teeth to traumatic force. For this reason, it is worthwhile to improve oral function by applying implants as a fixed device. Here, we report that implant treatment in a patient with generalized severe chronic periodontitis helped maintain the periodontal and peri-implant tissue for a long term. We propose that initial periodontal treatment and ongoing supportive therapy can help maintain implants in patients with severe periodontitis. In addition, we reviewed case reports in the English literature so far.

Chronic periodontitis is associated with platelet factor 4 (PF4) secretion: A pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1101-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Brousseau-Nault ◽  
Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu ◽  
Hugh Kim
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Platelet Factor 4 ◽  
Platelet Factor

scholarly journals Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies New Inflammation-Promoting Cell Subsets in Asian Patients With Chronic Periodontitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-jiao Qian ◽  
Qian-ru Huang ◽  
Rui-ying Chen ◽  
Jia-ji Mo ◽  
Lin-yi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Asian Patients ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Human Gingiva

Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease leading to periodontal tissue breakdown and subsequent tooth loss, in which excessive host immune response accounts for most of the tissue damage and disease progression. Despite of the imperative need to develop host modulation therapy, the inflammatory responses and cell population dynamics which are finely tuned by the pathological microenvironment in periodontitis remained unclear. To investigate the local microenvironment of the inflammatory response in periodontitis, 10 periodontitis patients and 10 healthy volunteers were involved in this study. Single-cell transcriptomic profilings of gingival tissues from two patients and two healthy donors were performed. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry analysis were performed to further validate the identified cell subtypes and their involvement in periodontitis. Based on our single-cell resolution analysis, we identified HLA-DR-expressing endothelial cells and CXCL13+ fibroblasts which are highly associated with immune regulation. We also revealed the involvement of the proinflammatory NLRP3+ macrophages in periodontitis. We further showed the increased cell-cell communication between macrophage and T/B cells in the inflammatory periodontal tissues. Our data generated an intriguing catalog of cell types and interaction networks in the human gingiva and identified new inflammation-promoting cell subtypes involved in chronic periodontitis, which will be helpful in advancing host modulation therapy.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SALIVARY HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR LEVELS IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER NON-SURGICAL PERIODONTAL TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Madhavi T ◽  
Mathew John ◽  
Bindu Rachel Thomas ◽  
Sabari Chandramohan ◽  
Aswathy S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth Factor ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Unstimulated Whole Saliva ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) or Scatter Factor (SF) is a growth factor which restrains the reconstruction of profound periodontal tissues. The study estimated the salivary HGF levels in unstimulated whole saliva in chronic periodontitis patients prior to treatment and also at 2nd and 6th week after non-surgical periodontal treatment and also aimed to determine the relationship of salivary HGF levels with the clinical periodontal parameters. This was a prospective-analytical study which included 45 subjects with chronic periodontitis. The highest mean concentration of HGF was obtained at the baseline and the lowest mean HGF concentration was obtained at the 6th week. There was significant decrease in the salivary HGF levels among the patients subsequent to scaling and root planing. Moreover the salivary HGF levels indicated a positive correlation with the clinical parameters at the sixth week. The above results propose that salivary HGF levels could be utilized as a biomarker for checking the response to periodontal treatment in chronic periodontitis patients.

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