scholarly journals Parental social position, in utero growth and risk of child development disorders: an administrative data based prospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Playford ◽  
Chris Dibben ◽  
Lee Williamson ◽  
Zengyi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Child Development Disorders ◽  
Scottish Population

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the influences of low birthweight and socioeconomic status upon child development disorders ApproachIt has been recognised that low birthweight and socio-economic status impact cognitive development in children. Previous studies in Scotland investigated this relationship using the Scottish Mental Health Survey 1932, the Growing Up in Scotland (GUS) longitudinal survey, and the Aberdeen Children of the 1950s study. This paper examines this using the Scottish Longitudinal Study (SLS) linked with Maternity Inpatient and Day Case records and Child Health Systems Programme Pre-School (CHSP Pre-School) records. This is original because it extends previous work through large-scale contemporary data which has been routinely collected and is representative of the Scottish population. It also includes a novel design through the use of birth data from parents and children recorded within the SLS. ResultsFrom this research it was identified that these child development measures were strongly associated with gestational-age specific birthweight and that fine motor, social and hearing abnormalities were much more likely for children with parents in lower grade occupations or who were long-term unemployed. These associations were net of other indicators of family socioeconomic position and birth outcomes, suggesting that infants from disadvantaged backgrounds remained more likely to experience these conditions beyond the differences that could be explained by other relevant factors (such as their birthweight). ConclusionThese findings confirm and build upon previous analysis through the use of linked administrative data.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTING STYLE AND CHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT AGED PRE-SCHOOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Amilia Krisdiantini ◽  
Bagus Setyoboedi ◽  
Ilya Krisnana
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fine Motor Skill ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Permissive Parenting

 Background: Development is related to the increase in the structure of bodily functions which Include tge ability of gross and fine motor skill, languange, and socializationand independence. One of the factors that influence a child's development is parenting, which is the pattern of interaction between parents and children. Early detection of development needs to be done in order to know deviations in development. Method: This research method used an observational analytic cross-sectional study design. The number of samples was 69 toddlers with a sampling technique using purposive sampling. The independent variable is parenting and the dependent variable is child development. The instruments used were parenting questionnaire and child development questionnaire, namely KPSP. Data analysis technique used was the spearman with α = 0.05 and the analysis of the closeness of the two relationships using correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed that there were 33.3% of respondents with permissive parenting had developmental status in accordance with or normal with their age, parents with democratic parenting also had 53.7% of respondents whose development was in accordance with or normal with their age, while authoritarian parenting there are 40.0% of respondents who are appropriate or normal for their age. Spearmen test results are known for each parenting, namely permissive parenting with p value 0.928, democratic parenting with p value 0.023, and authoritarian parenting with p value 0.420. Conclusion: the data shows that there is a relationship between parenting and developmental patterns, those are democratic parenting and permissive parenting.Keywords: child development, parenting, toddlers 

scholarly journals Mediating pathways in the socio-economic gradient of child development

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rubio-Codina ◽  
Orazio Attanasio ◽  
Sally Grantham-McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Home Stimulation

Research has previously shown a gap of near 0.5 of a standard deviation (SD) in cognition and language development between the top and bottom household wealth quartile in children aged 6–42 months in a large representative sample of low- and middle-income families in Bogota, using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. The gaps in fine motor and socio-emotional development were about half that size. Developmental deficits increased with age. The current study explored the associations amongst child development, household socio-economic status (SES), and a set of potential mediating variables—parental characteristics, child biomedical factors, and the quality of the home environment—in this sample. We ran mediation tests to quantify the contribution of these variables to the SES gap, and explored the role of age as a moderator. Parental education, particularly maternal education, and the quality of the home environment mediated the SES gap in all outcomes examined. Height-for-age mediated a small amount of the deficit in language scales only. More educated mothers provided better home stimulation than less educated mothers and the home environment partly mediated the effect of maternal education. These results suggested that in interventions aimed at promoting child development, those focusing on the quality of the home environment should be effective.

Categories of intrauterine growth retardation

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A Fay ◽  
David A Ellwood
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Ponderal Index ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Different Types

Originally all low birthweight infants were considered to be premature. When prematurity was redefined in terms of gestational age (SGA) and not preterm. With the large scale collection of obstetric data the distributions of birthweight at different gestational ages were described and from these, infants who were SGA could be defined. SGA became synonymous with terms such as growth retardation, but it soon became appearent that the two were not necessarily interchangeable. Scott and Usher found that it was the degree of soft tissue wasting rather than birthweight that related to poor perinatal outcome. Miller and Hassanein stated that: “birthweight by itself is not a valid measure of fetal growth impairment”. They used Rorher’s Ponderal Index (weight (g) × 100/length (cm)) to diagnose the malnourished or excessively wasted infants with reduced soft tissue mass. Most studies of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) still use low birthweight for gestational age centile as their only definition of IUGR or only study infants who have a low birthweight. Altman and Hytten expressed disquiet about this definition and stated: “There is now an urgent need to establish true measures of fetal growth from which deviations indicating genuine growth retardation can be derived” and that “it is particularly important that some reliable measures of outcome should be established”. In large series of term deliveries published recently, two groups of IUGR infants with different growth patterens have been identified. These studies confirm that birthweight alone is inadequate to define the different types of IUGR. They established that low Ponderal Index (PI) is a measure of IUGR associated with an increased incidence of perinatal problems and that it is time to re-evaluate IUGR in terms of the different types of aberrant fetal growth.

scholarly journals Center-Based Child Care and Differential Improvements in the Child Development Outcomes of Disadvantaged Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Anne Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Research finds center-based child care typically benefits children of low socio-economic status (SES) but few studies have examined if it also reduces inequalities in developmental disadvantage. Objective I test if the length of time in center-based care between ages one and three years associates with child development scores at age three years, focusing on the impact for groups of children in the lower tercile of child development scores and in the lower SES tercile. Method Using data from 1,606 children collected in a nationally representative Chilean survey, I apply a value-added approach to measure gains in child development scores between age one and three years that are associated with length of time in center-based child care. Results Disadvantages at age one year were associated with lower child development scores at age three years. No benefits of additional time in center-based care were found for the non-disadvantaged group, but positive associations were found between more time in center-based care and child development outcomes for children with the SES disadvantage only. Center-based care was not associated with child development trajectories of children with lower child development scores at age one year, no matter their SES status. Conclusions There is evidence that Chilean center-based child care reduces SES inequality in child development scores between ages one and three years, but only if children already were not low-scorers at age one year.

Electric Toothbrushes–For Whom are They Designed?

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Ciancio
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Special Populations ◽  
Gingival Health

Powered toothbrushes were first introduced on a large scale in the early 1960s. However, because of a clear lack of superiority compared with manual brushes, and problems with mechanical breakdowns, their sales decreased significantly. However, recommendation for their use continued in special populations with dexterity and cognition problems. The 1990s ushered in an era of new technology, and studies began to suggest superiority of some powered brushes, particularly those using oscillating-rotating or counter-rotational actions. Some studies have shown interproximal cleansing abilities superior to those of manual brushes and yielding results similar to those achieved with the use of a manual brush and floss. Both controlled and open-labeled studies have suggested that electric brushes improve gingival health with patients who routinely used manual brushes prior to using these new powered brushes, and safety has been clearly established. In recommending powered toothbrushes, practitioners should familiarize themselves with the products available, with the clinical studies supporting their benefits compared with manual brushes, their safety and ease of use, and the patient's economic status.

scholarly journals Creation of the WHO Indicators of Infant and Young Child Development (IYCD): metadata synthesis across 10 countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. e000747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian A Lancaster ◽  
Gareth McCray ◽  
Patricia Kariger ◽  
Tarun Dua ◽  
Andrew Titman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Common Scale

BackgroundRenewed global commitment to the improvement of early child development outcomes, as evidenced by the focus of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4, highlights an increased need for reliable and valid measures to evaluate preventive and interventional efforts designed to affect change. Our objective was to create a new tool, applicable across multicultures, to measure development from 0 to 3 years through metadata synthesis.MethodsFourteen cross-sectional data sets were contributed on 21 083 children from 10 low/middle-income countries (LMIC), assessed using seven different tools (caregiver reported or directly assessed). Item groups, measuring similar developmental skills, were identified by item mapping across tools. Logistic regression curves displayed developmental trajectories for item groups across countries and age. Following expert consensus to identify well-performing items across developmental domains, a second mapping exercise was conducted to fill any gaps across the age range. The first version of the tool was constructed. Item response analysis validated our approach by putting all data sets onto a common scale.Results789 individual items were identified across tools in the first mapping and 129 item groups selected for analysis. 70 item groups were then selected through consensus, based on statistical performance and perceived importance, with a further 50 items identified at second mapping. A tool comprising 120 items (23 fine motor, 23 gross motor, 20 receptive language, 24 expressive language, 30 socioemotional) was created. The linked data sets on a common scale showed a curvilinear trajectory of child development, highlighting the validity of our approach through excellent coverage by age and consistency of measurement across contributed tools, a novel finding in itself.ConclusionsWe have created the first version of a prototype tool for measuring children in the early years, developed using novel easy to apply methodology; now it needs to be feasibility tested and piloted across several LMICs.

FAKTOR–FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK (USIA 4-6 TAHUN) DI 6 PAUD DESA KUALA DUA WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUNGAI DURIAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Hendrawan ◽  
Andri Dwi Hernawan ◽  
Ismael Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Child Development Disorders ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Berdasarkan data situasi dan analisis gizi di Indonesia pada tahun 2017, status gizi balita diukur dengan indeks tinggi badan per umur (TB/U). Provinsi dengan persentasebalita pendek dan sangat pendek terbesar adalah Kalimantan Barat (32,5%) dan terendah adalah Sumatera Selatan (14,2%). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang anak usia 4-6 tahun di desa kuala 2 wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sungai Durian. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 242 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 69 orang anak usia 4-6 tahun, diambil menggunakan random sampling serta menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan faktor yang berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan anak berdasarkan indikator TB/U, yaitu riwayat ASI eksklusif (p=0,004) berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) (p=0,003), imunisasi dasar (p=0,000), penyakit infeksi (p=0,000). Sedangkan faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan anak berdasarkan indikator TB/U yaitu usia saat hamil (p=0,103). Serta terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pertumbuhan anak berdasarkan indikator TB/U dengan perkembangan anak (p=0,000).Saran kepada Puskesmas Sungai Durian untuk melakukan kegiatan sosialisasi di masyarakat serta membuat program khususnya tentang pentingnya deteksi dini gangguan tumbuh kembang anak, sehingga diharapkan dapat mengatasi gangguan tumbuh kembang anak di wilayah kerja puskesmas.   According to the Indonesian ministry of health, 2017 the nutritional status of children under five as measured by the height per age index, the province with the largest proportion of short and very short children under five is West Kalimantan (32.5% ) and the lowest was South Sumatra (14.2%). The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the growth and development of children aged 4-6 years in Kuala Village 2, the working area of Sungai Durian Health Center. This study was an observational analytic study with a cross sectional design. The population in this study was probably 242 people. The sample in this study may be 69 children aged 4-6 years, taken using random sampling and using chi-square test statistics. The results showed the factors associated with growth based on the indicator of height / age, namely a history of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.004), low birth weight (LBW) (p=0.003), basic immunization (p=0.000), infectious diseases (p = 0.000). Meanwhile, the factor that was not related to children's growth based on the indicator of height / age was the age at pregnancy (p = 0.103). As well as the significant relationship variable between children's growth based on the indicator of height / age with child development (p=0.000) It is suggested to Sungai Durian Public Health Center to carry out socialization activities in the community and create a program specifically on the importance of early detection of child developmental disorders, so that it is hoped that it can overcome child development disorders in the working area of the puskesmas.

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