scholarly journals Creation of the WHO Indicators of Infant and Young Child Development (IYCD): metadata synthesis across 10 countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. e000747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian A Lancaster ◽  
Gareth McCray ◽  
Patricia Kariger ◽  
Tarun Dua ◽  
Andrew Titman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Common Scale

BackgroundRenewed global commitment to the improvement of early child development outcomes, as evidenced by the focus of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4, highlights an increased need for reliable and valid measures to evaluate preventive and interventional efforts designed to affect change. Our objective was to create a new tool, applicable across multicultures, to measure development from 0 to 3 years through metadata synthesis.MethodsFourteen cross-sectional data sets were contributed on 21 083 children from 10 low/middle-income countries (LMIC), assessed using seven different tools (caregiver reported or directly assessed). Item groups, measuring similar developmental skills, were identified by item mapping across tools. Logistic regression curves displayed developmental trajectories for item groups across countries and age. Following expert consensus to identify well-performing items across developmental domains, a second mapping exercise was conducted to fill any gaps across the age range. The first version of the tool was constructed. Item response analysis validated our approach by putting all data sets onto a common scale.Results789 individual items were identified across tools in the first mapping and 129 item groups selected for analysis. 70 item groups were then selected through consensus, based on statistical performance and perceived importance, with a further 50 items identified at second mapping. A tool comprising 120 items (23 fine motor, 23 gross motor, 20 receptive language, 24 expressive language, 30 socioemotional) was created. The linked data sets on a common scale showed a curvilinear trajectory of child development, highlighting the validity of our approach through excellent coverage by age and consistency of measurement across contributed tools, a novel finding in itself.ConclusionsWe have created the first version of a prototype tool for measuring children in the early years, developed using novel easy to apply methodology; now it needs to be feasibility tested and piloted across several LMICs.

scholarly journals Relationship Capital Knowledge about Developmental Cognitive Development Toddlers with a Toddler in Puskesmas Mungkajang Palopo

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Santi . ◽  
Abdul Gafur
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Quality of a child can be assessed by process of development. The development is one of the indicators in monitoring the health of child. Child development includes social personal development, motor, coarse language, and fine motor skills. It is estimated that more than 200 million children in developing countries fail to reach their optimal development potential due to poverty, malnutrition, or an unsupportive environment, which affects children's cognitive, motor, emotional, and social development. This study aims to determine the relationship between mother's knowledge about growth and development of toddlers with cognitive development of toddlers in the working area of ​​Mungkajang Health Center, Palopo city. The research design used a cross sectional study. The number of samples is 82 people. The results of the study using the test chi-square showed that the p-value = 0.000 was smaller than the value of = 0.05, which means that there is a relationship between mother's knowledge about growth and development of toddlers and cognitive development of toddlers in the working area of ​​Mungkajang Public Health Center, Palopo City. It is recommended for parents to always increase knowledge about child development so that children's cognitive development can be maximized. Keywords: Knowledge of Growth and Development; Cognitive Development; Toddler

scholarly journals Maternal depressive symptoms and early childhood development: the role of mother–child interactions among mother–child dyads in rural areas of Central and Western China

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11060
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Chenlu Yang ◽  
Yuning Yang ◽  
Xiaona Huang ◽  
Yinping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Western China ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Simple Slope ◽  
Development Outcomes

Background The associations among maternal depressive symptoms (MDS), mother–child interactions and early child development are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the role of mother–child interactions on the associations between MDS and child development. Methods A cross-sectional study with a multistage sampling method was conducted in rural areas of Central and Western China. MDS, child development outcomes (communication, gross motor function, fine motor function, problem solving and personal social skills) and mother–child interactions were assessed by The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, the Chinese version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, respectively. Regression-based statistical mediation and moderation were conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results A total of 2,548 participants (mothers: 1,274; children: 1,274) were included in our analyses. MDS was negatively associated with child development outcomes and mother–child interactions partly mediated these associations. The proportion of the mediating effect of mother–child interactions was 7.7% for communication, 8.2% for gross motor, 10.3% for fine motor, 10.1% for problem-solving and 9.5% for personal social domains. In addition, the interaction effects of MDS and mother–child interactions on the communication domain were significant (β = 0.070, 95% CI 0.016, 0.124; p = 0.011). The associations between MDS and child communication abilities were weaker at the high level (simple slope = −0.019, t =  − 0.458, p = 0.647) of mother–child interactions than at the mean level (simple slope = −0.089, t =  − 3.190, p = 0.002) and the low level (simple slope = −0.158, t =  − 4.231, p < 0.001). Similar moderating effects were not observed in the other child development outcomes. Conclusion Our results suggest the important role of mother–child interactions on the associations between MDS and early childhood development. Due to the cross-sectional design of this study, these associations require further investigation in prospective studies.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTING STYLE AND CHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT AGED PRE-SCHOOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Amilia Krisdiantini ◽  
Bagus Setyoboedi ◽  
Ilya Krisnana
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fine Motor Skill ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Permissive Parenting

 Background: Development is related to the increase in the structure of bodily functions which Include tge ability of gross and fine motor skill, languange, and socializationand independence. One of the factors that influence a child's development is parenting, which is the pattern of interaction between parents and children. Early detection of development needs to be done in order to know deviations in development. Method: This research method used an observational analytic cross-sectional study design. The number of samples was 69 toddlers with a sampling technique using purposive sampling. The independent variable is parenting and the dependent variable is child development. The instruments used were parenting questionnaire and child development questionnaire, namely KPSP. Data analysis technique used was the spearman with α = 0.05 and the analysis of the closeness of the two relationships using correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed that there were 33.3% of respondents with permissive parenting had developmental status in accordance with or normal with their age, parents with democratic parenting also had 53.7% of respondents whose development was in accordance with or normal with their age, while authoritarian parenting there are 40.0% of respondents who are appropriate or normal for their age. Spearmen test results are known for each parenting, namely permissive parenting with p value 0.928, democratic parenting with p value 0.023, and authoritarian parenting with p value 0.420. Conclusion: the data shows that there is a relationship between parenting and developmental patterns, those are democratic parenting and permissive parenting.Keywords: child development, parenting, toddlers 

Sleep Patterns and Development of Children with Atopic Dermatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (11) ◽  
pp. 871-878
Author(s):  
Emine Gulsah Torun ◽  
Aysegul Ertugrul ◽  
Doga Ceren Tekguc ◽  
Ilknur Bostanci
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that begins in early childhood. Sleep problems have increased in children with AD. The aim of this study was to evaluate sleep patterns and the development of children with AD at an early age. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a cross-sectional study consisting of a total of 80 children aged 0–36 months with AD. Patients were evaluated by the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire and International Guide for Monitoring Child Development. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The median age (IQR) of the patients was 6 (4.25–9) months, 63.7% of them were male and 50% of them had sleep problems. Male sex (OR: 3.78, <i>p</i> = 0.024, 95% CI, 0.083–0.837), patients with AD who were in the first 3 months after diagnosis (OR: 3.56; 95% CI, 1.220–10.43, <i>p</i> = 0.020), and moderate-severe AD (OR: 5.09; 95% CI, 1.649–15.748, <i>p</i> = 0.005) were determined as risk factors for sleep problems. In all, 12.5% of the patients needed support for one or more developmental areas (gross motor skills, expressive language and communication, receptive language, fine motor skills, relationship, and play). Developmental delay was higher in patients with sleep problems (<i>p</i> = 0.037). Multiple siblings (OR: 14.381; 95% CI, 1.557–132.871, <i>p</i> = 0.019) and the presence of sleep problems (OR: 8.011; 95% CI, 1.764–36.387, <i>p</i> = 0.024) were found to be risk factors for developmental delay. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Boys with moderate-severe AD within the first 3 months of diagnosis were at increased risk for sleep problems. Children with AD who have multiple siblings and sleep problems should be evaluated for developmental delay and monitored closely.

scholarly journals Beyond Stunting: Mechanisms Linking Length to Early Child Development Among Infants in Rural India (P10-003-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Black ◽  
Doris Yimgang ◽  
Kristen Hurley ◽  
Kimberly Harding ◽  
Silvia Fernandez-Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Early Child Development ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Early Child ◽  
Visual Reception

Abstract Objectives In low and middle-income countries, early child development (ECD) is associated with stunting, but the association with length-for-age z-scores (LAZ) is understudied. The objective is to examine whether the association with ECD among infants extends beyond stunting to LAZ and whether it is altered by nurturance or inflammation. Methods Sample: 513 infants (mean age 8.6 months, SD 2.2), 20% stunted (LAZ < -2) participated in a randomized controlled trial of micronutrient powder (MNP) in rural India. Following baseline, infants were re-evaluated at 6- and 12-months. LAZ was calculated from measured length, inflammation (C-reactive protein, CRP) from blood draw; nurturance from home observation (HOME Inventory), and ECD from Mullens Early Learning Scale (visual reception, fine/gross motor and receptive/expressive language). Linear mixed effects models were conducted, accounting for repeated measures and clustering, adjusted for child age, anemia, maternal education, household assets, and intervention. LAZ interactions with CRP and HOME scores were tested. Results LAZ was significantly positively associated with all ECD domains over time. HOME was positively associated with visual reception and expressive language (Table 1). HOME interactions were marginal for fine motor (P = 0.058) and significant for receptive language (P = 0.015). For HOME scores < -1 SD, LAZ was positively related to fine motor and receptive language, for HOME scores >1 SD, LAZ was not related to ECD (Figure 1). CRP was not related to ECD and CRP interaction was not significant. Conclusions The positive association between LAZ and ECD illustrates vulnerability prior to the threshold of stunting. Maternal nurturance is positively associated with multiple domains of infants’ ECD and attenuates relations between LAZ and receptive language and fine motor. Inflammation (measured by CRP) is not associated with ECD. Linear growth within normal and nurturant caregiving are needed to promote ECD. Funding Sources Mathile Institute for the Advancement of Human Nutrition, Nutrition International, Sackler Institute for Nutrition Science of the New York Academy of Sciences.

scholarly journals Pregnancy planning does not interfere with child development in children aged from 11 to 23 months old

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Solís-Cordero ◽  
Luciana Assis Couto ◽  
Luciane Simões Duarte ◽  
Ana Luiza Vilela Borges ◽  
Elizabeth Fujimori
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnancy Planning ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Bolsa Familia

Objective: to analyze the correlation between child development and pregnancy planning and other associated aspects. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with 125 mother-child dyads, the children aged from 11 to 23 months old and attending daycare centers located in socially disadvantaged areas. Child development according to domains was assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire-BR and pregnancy planning was evaluated through the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy. The mothers were interviewed at their homes and non-parametric tests were used for data analysis. Results: 17.6% of the pregnancies were unplanned, 24.8% were planned and 57.6% were ambivalent. Inadequate development in the different domains ranged from 21% to 40% and was not associated with pregnancy planning. However, the “communication” domain was associated with Bolsa Família and the “personal/social” and “communication” domains, with gender; while “personal/social”, “broad motor coordination” and “fine motor coordination” were domains related to the child’s age. Conclusion: no correlation between pregnancy planning and child development was observed; however, the low frequency of planned pregnancies and the high percentages of inadequate child development show the need to invest in the training of health professionals, both for contraceptive care and preconception health and for the promotion of child development, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged contexts.

scholarly journals Stunting Status and Child Development on Children Ages 1-5 Years in The Public Health Centre of Padamara District Purbalingga

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Ema Wahyu Ningrum ◽  
Tin Utami
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Children Under 5

The prevalence of stunting has increased from 35.6% in 2010 to 37.2% in 2013. Children who suffer from stunting are at risk of delay in growth and development. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between stunting and development status of children under 5 years old. The research design was analytical survey with cross sectional approach. The number of sample were 60 children under 5 years old who selected through quota sampling technique. Microtoase stature meter, WHO anthro software and Denver sheet II were used to assess stunting and development status of children. Data was analysed using distribution frequency, chi square, fisher exact test, and Kolmogorov Smirnov. Result showed that there were no significant correlation between stunting and gross motor, fine motor, social and language development (p=0,649; p=1,000; p=1,000 and p=0.998 respectively). In conclusion, there is no relationship between stunting status and child development. However, mothers of children age less than 5 years old who suffers from stunting is suggested to pay attention to the developmental aspect of their children by taking regular screening and providing stimulation.

scholarly journals Early Childhood Education, Child Development and School Readiness: Evidence from Zambia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Simmons Zuilkowski ◽  
Gunther Fink ◽  
Corrina Moucheraud ◽  
Beatrice Matafwali
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Child Development ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Task Orientation ◽  
Childhood Education

While early childhood education has received increasing attention in the developing world in recent years, relatively little evidence is available from sub-Saharan Africa on its effects on child development and subsequent school enrolment. We use a prospective case-control design to evaluate the developmental impact of a community-based early childhood center in an urban area in Zambia. Comparing 40 children attending the center to 40 children not attending the center from the same community, we find that center attendance was associated with significantly better performance in an assessment of task orientation, and was also weakly associated with increased letter familiarity. We also observed higher performance among center students on tests of receptive language and pencil-related fine motor skills. These associations were, however, smaller and not statistically significant. We conducted a follow-up one year after the initial assessment, when children were seven years old and should have been in first grade. At follow-up, 27% of non-attendees were not yet enrolled in primary school, compared to just 11% of center students, suggesting that participation in early education encourages a timely transition into first grade.

scholarly journals Status stunted dan hubungannya dengan perkembangan anak balita di wilayah pesisir Pantai Utara Kecamatan Lemahwungkuk Kota Cirebon

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Hizni ◽  
Madarina Julia ◽  
Indria Laksmi Gamayanti
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Development

Background: The problem of protein energy inadequacy is a major problem among under-fives that affects the process of child growth and development. The prevalence of stunted status among under-fives in developing countries in 2008 was estimated as much as 33%. In Cirebon Municipality the prevalence was 10.27% and in north coastal area of Cirebon Municipality was 11.4%.Objective: To identify the association between stunted status and development of under-fives at north coastal area of sub district of Lemahwungkuk Cirebon Municipality.Method: This was an observational study with a cross sectional design carried out at north coastal area of sub district of Lemahwungkuk Cirebon Municipality from November 2008 to January 2009. Subject of the study consisted of 166 under-fives and the respondents were parents of those children. Samples were chosen purposively. Research instruments consisted of questionnaire, length board, microtoise, forms, and Denver II test. Data analysis used chi square and logistic regression with confidence interval (CI) 95%.Result: There was significant association between stunted status and development of fine motor adaptive, language, and gross motor capacity. There was significant association between education of mothers and personal social, fine motor adaptive, language and gross motor development. There was significant association between occupation of mothers and personal social, fine motor adaptive, language and gross motor development. There was significant association between stunted status, education of mothers, and occupation of mothers and child development. The result of multivariate analysis showed that stunted status had greater risk for delayed language development of under-fives than other indicators of child development.Conclusion: There was no association between stunted status and child development; however stunted status had greater risk for delay in language development, and risk factors dominantly affecting child development were occupation and education of mothers.

scholarly journals Maternal and neonatal factors associated with child development in Ceará, Brazil: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermano A. L. Rocha ◽  
Christopher R. Sudfeld ◽  
Álvaro J. M. Leite ◽  
Márcia M. T. Machado ◽  
Sabrina G. M. O. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The first 1000 days of life are a critical period when the foundations of child development and growth are established. Few studies in Latin America have examined the relationship of birth outcomes and neonatal care factors with development outcomes in young children. We aimed to assess the association between pregnancy and neonatal factors with children’s developmental scores in a cross-sectional, population-based study of children in Ceará, Brazil. Methods Population-based, cross-sectional study of children aged 0–66 months (0–5.5 years) living in Ceará, Brazil. We examined the relationship of pregnancy (iron and folic acid supplementation, smoking and alcohol consumption) and neonatal (low birth weight (LBW) gestational age, neonatal care interventions, and breastfeeding in the first hour) factors with child development. Children’s development was assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-BR). We used multivariate generalized linear models that accounted for clustering sampling to evaluate the relationship of pregnancy and neonatal factors with development domain scores. Findings A total of 3566 children were enrolled. Among pregnancy factors, children whose mothers did not receive folic acid supplementation during pregnancy had lower fine motor and problem-solving scores (p-values< 0.05). As for neonatal factors, LBW was associated with 0.14 standard deviations (SD) lower (CI 95% -0.26, − 0.02) communication, 0.24 SD lower (95% CI: − 0.44, − 0.04) fine motor and 0.31 SD lower (CI 95% -0.45, − 0.16) problem-solving domain scores as compared to non-LBW children (p values < 0.05). In terms of care, newborns that required resuscitation, antibiotics for infection, or extended in-patient stay after birth had lower development scores in selected domains. Further, not initiating breastfeeding within the first hour after birth was associated with lower gross motor and person-social development scores (p-values < 0.05). Conclusion Pregnancy and neonatal care factors were associated with later child development outcomes. Infants at increased risk of suboptimal development, like LBW or newborns requiring extended in-patient care, may represent groups to target for supplemental intervention. Further, early integrated interventions to prevent adverse pregnancy and newborn outcomes may improve child development outcomes.

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