scholarly journals Seed Biopriming– A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 038-043
Author(s):  
Amol J. Deshmukh ◽  
◽  
R. S. Jaiman ◽  
R. P. Bambharolia ◽  
Vijay A. Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Seed Biopriming

There are various seed priming methods such as hydro priming, osmo priming, solid matrix priming, hormo-priming, chemo-priming, nutri-priming and biopriming being useful for enhancing the seed germination, seedling vigour and to overcome abiotic stress. Moreover to these advantages, of all priming methods only biopriming method gives an extra advantage of biotic stress management and thus gain special attention. Solubilisation or mobilization of soil macro and micronutrients, siderophore production, induction of plant growth promoting activities, induction of useful biochemicals, phytoalexin and defense-related enzymes and induced systemic resistance are the mechanisms involved in seed biopriming. Range of fungal or bacterial bio agents viz., Azotobacter, Rhizobium, Arthrobacter, Agrobacterium, Azospirillum, Enterobacter, Streptomyces, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Klebsiella, PSB, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorhiza, whether they are biofertilizer or biopesticide, may be useful as biopriming agents. Seed biopriming is useful in almost all the crops over the globe and is an eco-friendly substitute to chemical fungicides.

scholarly journals Dimethyl disulfide exerts antifungal activity against Sclerotinia minor by damaging its membrane and induces systemic resistance in host plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Tyagi ◽  
Kui-Jae Lee ◽  
Pratyoosh Shukla ◽  
Jong-Chan Chae
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Dimethyl Disulfide ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ergosterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Sclerotinia Minor ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Abstract Microbial volatile compounds (MVCs) significantly influence the growth of plants and phytopathogens. However, the practical application of MVCs at the field level is limited by the fact that the concentrations at which these compounds antagonize the pathogens are often toxic for the plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), one of the MVCs produced by microorganisms, on the fitness of tomato plants and its fungicidal potential against a fungal phytopathogen, Sclerotinia minor. DMDS showed strong fungicidal and plant growth promoting activities with regard to the inhibition of mycelial growth, sclerotia formation, and germination, and reduction of disease symptoms in tomato plants infected with S. minor. DMDS exposure significantly upregulated the expression of genes related to growth and defense against the pathogen in tomato. Especially, the overexpression of PR1 and PR5 suggested the involvement of the salicylic acid pathway in the induction of systemic resistance. Several morphological and ultrastructural changes were observed in the cell membrane of S. minor and the expression of ergosterol biosynthesis gene was significantly downregulated, suggesting that DMDS damaged the membrane, thereby affecting the growth and pathogenicity of the fungus. In conclusion, the tripartite interaction studies among pathogenic fungus, DMDS, and tomato revealed that DMDS played roles in antagonizing pathogen as well as improving the growth and disease resistance of tomato. Our findings provide new insights into the potential of volatile DMDS as an effective tool against sclerotial rot disease.

scholarly journals Effect of native Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens on the development of Cuscuta campestris on chickpea, Cicer arietinum

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 844-851
Author(s):  
C. Kannan ◽  
B. Kumar ◽  
P. Aditi ◽  
Y. Gharde
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Cuscuta Campestris ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Microbes ◽  
Leguminous Crops

Cuscuta campestris Yuncker is a serious parasite on several leguminous crops including chickpea in India. Chickpea is an important pulse crop in India and severe incidence of Cuscuta may result in yield loss of about 85.7%. Management of Cuscuta is very difficult because of their intricate relationship with the host, wide host range and lack of resistant genes in the host. Thus induced systemic resistance (ISR) by plant growth promoting microbes (microbial elicitors) may be an effective alternative method for the management of Cuscuta. In the current study, to induce systemic resistance, native isolates of Trichoderma viride Pers. and Pseudomonas fluorescens Flügge were used as seed treatments and foliar spray on chickpea and then infested with C. campestris. Salicylic acid and thiobenzamidazole (synthetic elicitors) were used as standard inducing agents for comparison. Results indicated that fresh seeds of C. campestris germinated rapidly even without scarification and that the germination was not influenced by the proximity of the seeds to the host. Seed treatment followed by foliar sprays with the bioagents and synthetic elicitors induced at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) induced increased production of defense enzymes in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and thus delayed the development (1.8-5 days) and flowering (2.4-4.2 days) of C. campestris. Treatment with both the elicitors also resulted in the enhanced activities of scavengers of enzymes related reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thus the above work would help in the integration of the application of bioagents for effective management of Cuscuta in chickpea.

Diversity and plant growth promoting activities of the cultivable rhizo-bacteria of Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon)

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Fei ◽  
Wang Ya ◽  
Zeng Qinggui ◽  
Yan Riming ◽  
Zhang Zhibin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Dongxiang Wild Rice

scholarly journals Using seed respiration as a tool for calculating optimal soaking times for ‘on-farm’ seed priming of barley (Hordeum vulgare)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Javier Carrillo-Reche ◽  
Adrian C. Newton ◽  
Richard S. Quilliam
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Seed Respiration

Abstract A low-cost technique named ‘on-farm’ seed priming is increasingly being recognized as an effective approach to maximize crop establishment. It consists of anaerobically soaking seeds in water before sowing resulting in rapid and uniform germination, and enhanced seedling vigour. The extent of these benefits depends on the soaking time. The current determination of optimal soaking time by germination assays and mini-plot trials is resource-intensive, as it is species/genotype-specific. This study aimed to determine the potential of the seed respiration rate (an indicator of metabolic activity) and seed morphological changes during barley priming as predictors of the priming benefits and, thus, facilitate the determination of optimal soaking times. A series of germination tests revealed that the germination rate is mostly attributable to the rapid hydration of embryo tissues, as the highest gains in the germination rate occurred before the resumption of respiration. Germination uniformity, however, was not significantly improved until seeds were primed for at least 8 h, that is, after a first respiration burst was initiated. The maximum seedling vigour was attained when the priming was stopped just before the beginning of the differentiation of embryonic axes (20 h) after which vigour began to decrease (‘over-priming’). The onset of embryonic axis elongation was preceded by a second respiration burst, which can be used as a marker for priming optimization. Thus, monitoring of seed respiration provides a rapid and inexpensive alternative to the current practice. The method could be carried out by agricultural institutions to provide recommended optimal soaking times for the common barley varieties within a specific region.

scholarly journals C4 Bacterial Volatiles Improve Plant Health

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Bruno Henrique Silva Dias ◽  
Sung-Hee Jung ◽  
Juliana Velasco de Castro Oliveira ◽  
Choong-Min Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Bacterial Volatiles

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) associated with plant roots can trigger plant growth promotion and induced systemic resistance. Several bacterial determinants including cell-wall components and secreted compounds have been identified to date. Here, we review a group of low-molecular-weight volatile compounds released by PGPR, which improve plant health, mostly by protecting plants against pathogen attack under greenhouse and field conditions. We particularly focus on C4 bacterial volatile compounds (BVCs), such as 2,3-butanediol and acetoin, which have been shown to activate the plant immune response and to promote plant growth at the molecular level as well as in large-scale field applications. We also disc/ uss the potential applications, metabolic engineering, and large-scale fermentation of C4 BVCs. The C4 bacterial volatiles act as airborne signals and therefore represent a new type of biocontrol agent. Further advances in the encapsulation procedure, together with the development of standards and guidelines, will promote the application of C4 volatiles in the field.

scholarly journals Activity of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) in the biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wilt

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boukerma Lamia ◽  
Benchabane Messaoud ◽  
Charif Ahmed ◽  
Khélif Lakhdar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
In Situ Experiment ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonas ◽  
Split Root ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

The potential of Pseudomonas fluorescens PF15 and Pseudomonas putida PP27 to protect tomato plants against Fusarium wilt under greenhouse conditions was evaluated. In vitro antagonism showed a significant inhibition of the pathogen growth (47%) revealed by PF15. However, PP27 presented a 10% rate of the mycelium inhibition. An in situ experiment was conducted with split-root design for induced systemic resistance (ISR) and without split-root design to measure both ISR and antagonistic activities. Fluorescent Pseudomonas revealed a delay in the onset of symptoms and slower kinetics of disease progression compared to the pathogen control. McKinney’s index, which measures the severity of the disease, was reduced by 37–72%, and the levels of infection (incidence) by 7–36%.

scholarly journals Seed biopriming with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: a review

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. fiw112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mahmood ◽  
Oğuz Can Turgay ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Rifat Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Seed Biopriming
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