Festival City, Rotterdam

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dooghe
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Place Identity ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Audience Appeal ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Selling Point

In an environment that sees cities vying to attract people, businesses and investments in increasingly competitive markets, many municipalities have identified place identity and image as parts of their unique selling point. The high profile and collaborative nature of festivals means that they are seen by city marketing bodies as an important tool in shaping and widening awareness of the unique qualities of their city’s particular cultural and built environments. The extent to which an audience identifies with a festival or a city (and are willing to invest time and money) strongly determines how successful both the festival and the city’s further development will be. Accordingly, festivals are being placed at the heart of strategic development of some cities’ physical and human infrastructures. Festival City - Rotterdam is an urban design study that researches the symbiotic collaboration between festivals and urban development to see how they can forge stronger identities for each by working collaboratively. The specific communities that organise and support festivals in Rotterdam are central in this study’s findings. Community involvement, the visibility of the festival between editions and the specific audience appeal strongly influence how festivals can be used to catalyse the relationship between the social and urban structure of a city. Without the fertile ground provided by a supporting community, a festival will not flower. This chapter will examine this strategy in more depth, using two festival case studies from Rotterdam: the Caribbean Summer in the Afrikaanderwijk and an example of urban theatre on the Coolsingel. It will also consider Soundpiece, an ongoing project on the Schouwburgplein. These case studies and their relationship with Rotterdam’s urban development plans are described below.

scholarly journals Stages in the configuration of urban form in urban development planning: the emerging role of open spaces as sustainability mechanism. The case of Valladolid (Spain)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Fernández-Maroto
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Definition Of

Along the last five decades and through three different stages, the urban development plans —general plans— of Valladolid, a medium-sized Spanish city, show an interesting evolution in the way of configuring the global urban form and controlling urban development that we can also find in other similar Spanish cities. In the sixties and seventies, plans proposed “autonomous” expansive schemes foreseeing a huge rate of urban growth, so they defined wide areas to be urbanised through new transport infrastructures and typical zoning mechanisms. In the eighties, after decay in urban and economic development and during the transition to democracy, the new local governments focused on the existing city and fostered a more controlled urban growth. However, plans continued to employ the same tools to manage future urban form —definition of transport infrastructures and sectors to be urbanised—, although they looked for more “controllable” forms, such as radio-concentric ones, aiming at a gradual and homogeneous implementation —compact city—. When real-estate market recovered in early nineties, this strategy revealed its weaknesses: fragmented urban fringe and tendency to a congestive model, reinforced when a new generation of expansive plans drove these schemes out of the limits they were conceived with. However, an alternative and more sustainable model had already emerged, as some new urban planning tools proposed a change of perspective: managing global urban form not through future urbanised spaces, but through open ones, generating an “empty” network able to give coherence to the whole urban structure in a metropolitan scale.

scholarly journals Public Facilities Assessment Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-78
Author(s):  
Ana Opris ◽  
◽  
Andreea Necsulescu (Popa) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Urban Level ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Planning Development ◽  
Made In

The paper presents the results of several substantiation studies concerning public facilities assessment for various Romanian municipalities, made in order to substantiate urban development plans. The study outlines main methodological steps for public amenities assessment emphasizing the importance of the territorial context, socio-economical context, as well the necessity of development of a compulsory legal frame at national level. The studies conducted by the authors tried to develop specific methodologies designated to assess public facilities provision at city level in order to propose their enhancement if case. The study compares different public facilities assessment conclusions for several cities in Romania and outlines that the average offer and need (public request) is generated by different elements (built and natural), not only the perceived urban barriers but also the unseen elements (as perceived neighbor hoods, sense of belonging of different urban areas). Also, one of the conclusions of this survey is that public amenities (green areas, education facilities, leisure, cultural health and transportation facilities) are one of the main features of urban structure that has to be addressed when planning development at urban or zone level. This focus on public amenities approach can substantiate development decisions at urban level, despite that it is the most disregarded element due to urban development pressures, especially within the new urban development areas. Assessment of public facilities provision at urban level should be subject of the urban development plans in terms of sustainable urban development.

Crimea and the South China Sea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthea Roberts
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Invisible College ◽  
The South ◽  
Overlapping Communities ◽  
China Sea ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Spheres Of Influence

Although we often hear reference to the “invisible college” of international lawyers, it may be better to understand international lawyers as constituting a “divisible college” whose members hail from different states and regions and often form distinct, though sometimes overlapping, communities with their own understandings and approaches, as well as their own influences and spheres of influence. This chapter draws on two recent high-profile controversies—Crimea’s annexation by, or reunification with, Russia in 2014, and the legality and legitimacy of the award in the South China Sea arbitration in 2016—to explore how the divisible college of international lawyers operates with respect to Chinese, Russian, and Western international lawyers. It looks at the extent to which international lawyers in these case studies operated in their own silos or made an effort to communicate across national and geopolitical divides.

The socio-economic and demographic characteristics of port cities: a typology for comparative analysis?

Urban History ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Lee
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
Merchant Capital ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTThis article addresses a range of conceptual issues relating to the history of European port cities in order to construct a framework for comparative research. Port cities played a key role in European urban development and their growth was often determined by common factors. Particular attention is paid to the demography of port cities, their specific labour markets and the dominant ideology of merchant capital. The article establishes a basis for analysing case studies of individual port cities and for exploring their location within the overall process of European urbanization.

Two Models of Local Development Politics

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Baglioni ◽  
S Vicari
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Business Interests ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
Development Politics ◽  
Development Policies

In this paper three case studies of urban development policies are outlined in order to advance two models of the diverse structuring of interaction between business and politicians. The three cases concern the Italian cities of Pavia, Parma, and Modena. For each city we describe the economic and political context and review the planning policy, focusing on specific decisionmaking processes. This sets the stage for an analysis of the interaction between political and economic actors and for an evaluation of the results of that analysis with respect to the effectiveness of the decisionmaking and implementation processes of urban policy. Those factors which account for the relative strength of business interests and elected officials and favor their engaging in the bargaining relationships are discussed, and two contrasting models of their interaction are presented.

scholarly journals Study Of Ecosystem Approach in New Towns Development in Botabek Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parino Rahardjo ◽  
Emirhadi Suganda ◽  
Djoko Harono ◽  
Hadi Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
New Towns ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
New City

Within the town, Abiotic is a built environment that includes buildings, roads, pedestrians, and other elements that interact with biotics, which are living things including plants, animals, and humans. From a landscape ecological perspective, the urban structure consists of (1) a matrix, which is a collection of dominant buildings and homogeneous elements, (2) Patches are grouped as housing, urban forests, parks, lakes, and finally (3) Corridors such as roads, rivers, and pedestrians. The dominance of watertight areas over green open spaces in urban development can lead to increased temperatures and runoff. The condition of the soil structure and the steep slope of the soil can cause landslides, therefore urban development must pay attention to the natural conditions of the area being built. This research was conducted in Kota Baru, Bogor, South Tangerang, and Cikarang (Bekasi Regency). The purpose of this study is to determine the natural environment and the built environment as well as changes in the ecosystem and their consequences for the new town and its surroundings. This research uses quantitative and qualitative approaches. Analysis of land-use change uses spatial and temporal methods, while Nieuwolt's equation is used to measure comfort. This study finds comfortable environmental planning, with green open spaces such as urban forests, city parks, and bodies of water, such as lakes, as a space for interaction between fellow new city residents and people outside the new towns.

scholarly journals Geografias e genealogias do planejamento urbano em Belém: elementos da modernidade e produção de desigualdades / Geographies and genealogies of urban planning in Belém: elements of modernity and the production of inequalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (55) ◽  
pp. 980-1005
Author(s):  
Tiago Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The City

Considerando a dinâmica e a estrutura urbana de Belém no início do século XXI como expressão da acumulação das intervenções urbanas e das práticas de planejamento e gestão do espaço da cidade, analisa-se a genealogia do planejamento urbano para compreender a produção de um espaço que tem como característica a negação da natureza e a produção da desigualdade entre classes sociais. Nesse aspecto, identificou-se três períodos específicos que produziram impactos significativos na produção do espaço urbano de Belém: o terceiro quarto do século XVIII (1755 – 1777) com as reformas promovidas no período Pombalino na Amazônia, momento de expressão de uma modernidade urbana e arquitetônica; o final do século XIX e a primeira década do século XX (1890 – 1910), momento de ascensão da economia regional a partir da intensificação de atividades extrativas que produziram reformas urbanísticas com tons higienistas e; por fim, o período entre 1940 e 1970, que marcou uma série de propostas de planejamento com viés técnico-burocrático na produção do espaço. Do ponto de vista da metodologia adotada, estabeleceu-se como percurso de pesquisa: i) levantamento bibliográfico de caráter teórico e empírico da temática; ii) levantamento documental acerca das práticas de planejamento e intervenção dos períodos destacados com base em legislação, planos e projetos de cada um dos períodos; iii) coleta de iconografia representativa da época as quais as políticas foram executadas. Apresenta-se como resultados a hipótese de que a narrativa de uma pretensa ausência de planejamento como fator explicativo dos problemas da cidade é um discurso que não tem base na realidade, posto que historicamente é exatamente o oposto que a pesquisa indica, as modalidades de planejamento efetivadas em Belém acentuam problemas como a segregação socioespacial.Palavras-Chave: História, Planejamento Urbano, Modernidade, Belém.AbstractConsidering the dynamics and urban structure of Belém at the beginning of the 21st Century as an expression of the accumulation of urban interventions and planning and management practices of the city, the historical genealogy of urban planning is analyzed as a way of understanding production of a space that has as characteristic the negation of the nature and the production of the inequality between social classes. In this aspect, three specific periods were identified that produced significant impacts on the production of the urban space of Belém: the third quarter of the seventeenth century (1755 - 1777) with the reforms promoted in the Pombaline period in the Amazon, a time of expression of an urban and architectural design; the end of the nineteenth century and the first decade of the twentieth century (1890 - 1910), a time of great rise of the regional economy from the intensification of extractive activities that produced urban reforms with hygienic tones; and finally, the period between 1940 and 1970, which marked a series of planning proposals with a bureaucratic technical aproach in the production of space in Belém. This work established as following research methodology: i) survey bibliographical of theoretical and empirical character of the analyzed subject; ii) documentary survey of the planning and intervention practices of the highlighted periods based on municipal, state and federal legislation, as well as the master plans and development plans of the periods; iii) collection of iconography representative of the time to which the policies were executed in the urban space. The hypothesis is that the narrative of a supposed absence of planning as a factor of the city's problems is a discourse that has no basis in reality, since historically it is exactly the opposite that the research indicates, that is, the modalities in Belém accentuate problems such as socio-spatial segregation.Keywords: History, Urban Planning, Modernity, Belém.

scholarly journals The role of engineering economics analyzes inparticiipatory motivation for realization urban development plans

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-279
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Engineering Economics ◽  
Development Plans

This article discusses the meaning and subject of role of engineering economics analyzes in participatory motivation. Private for realization of urban development plans.

scholarly journals Supporting a Decision for Informal Settlements Development using the Analytical Network Process

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Ayman M. Zakaria Eraqi ◽  
Usama Hamed Issa ◽  
Mary A. A. Elminiawy
Keyword(s):  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
The Third ◽  
Complex Problems ◽  
Network Process ◽  
Development Plans

Developing informal settlements has become an important issue for improving urban structures in developing countries. An Informal Settlements Development Fund (ISDF) was presented to Egypt for supporting urban, economic, social and environmental plans. Development plans do not clearly take into account population priorities or satisfaction criteria. Furthermore, evaluating several alternatives was based on usual statistical methods that cannot deal with multiple criteria or complex problems, leading to imprecise results. Nowadays, adding value to the developed area, restoring cost, and studying social and economic plan impacts on the population, represent high priorities. In this study, a model concerns the optimal decision evaluation for multi-criteria in informal settlements development was proposed. Five clusters (criteria) were identified and included the efficiencies of urban structure, economic, social, and environmental, in addition to population satisfaction. Twenty one internal factors represented in nods were categorized under the five clusters and affecting proposed four alternatives. The model depended on the Analytic Network Process (ANP) technique which is used to support multi-criteria decision making. ANP was selected for its capability to deal with complex problems, create dependencies and feedbacks as well as use the relative weights of all interactions. This technique confirms a logical decision and accurate prediction amongst numerous alternatives. The model was validated and applied to an informal settlements area as a case study in Egypt. The results supported to use first alternative by 38.20%, while the ISDF results selected the third alternative. Moreover, the detailed analysis emphasized that the first alternative was more balanced between the social elements and the direct economic requirements of the population, while the third alternative tended to achieve restoring cost despite its negative social effects. Lastly, the proposed model can be used appropriately in similar cases to improve informal settlements.

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