Risk analysis of natural gas transportation processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Oleg Mandryk ◽  
◽  
Liubomyr Poberezhny ◽  
Liubov Poberezhna ◽  
Oksana Maniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
System A ◽  
Risk Management System ◽  
Transportation Process ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management ◽  
Main Gas Pipeline

The problem of ensuring technological reliability and environmental friendliness of the natural gas transportation process, the main approaches to risk assessment and management at industrial facilities are considered. To increase the trouble-free operation of the gas transmission system, a comprehensive risk management system is proposed. The research of an ecological condition of the ground layer of air is being done in Bogorodchany district based on the constructed maps, which represent a distribution of harmful matters concentrations, its coefficients and also the coefficients of ecological danger and the map of a total contaminating index. The general chart of ecological risk is represented. Analysis of objects for gas transportation is made. The method of area detonating calculation and distance of mixture explosive cloud distribution is considered during the damage at the main gas pipeline. Area detonating calculations and the distance of mixture explosive cloud distribution are conducted at different wind speeds.

scholarly journals REGULATORY PROVISION OF SAFETY OF GAS TRANSPORT. CONSTRUKTIONAL DESIGN OF MOBILE COMPRESSOR STATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
V. BIELIKOV ◽  
Z. MATSUK
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
The World ◽  
Transportation Process ◽  
Mobile Compressor ◽  
Main Gas Pipeline ◽  
Gas Supply

Problem statement. The basis for the safety and efficiency of the main gas transportation in the world is the tightness of the gas transportation system. A component of the level of industrial safety and efficiency of gas transmission enterprises is the emissions of natural gas into the working area, the environment and the associated costs. Numerous methods of repairing pipeline gas transportation facilities, such as enhancing the bearing capacity of pipelines, repairing defects under gas pressure without interrupting the transportation process, etc., are either not devoid of risks from the point of view of industrial safety, or are energy and resource inefficient. The main type of repair that restores the operable state of the gas transmission system is the replacement of defective equipment, but it is still associated with the release of large volumes of natural gas into the environment. In the second decade of the 2000s, thanks to the rapid development of compressor technology and the invention of a sufficient number of ways to connect compressor units (stations) to main gas pipelines, without stopping the gas transportation process, gas transmission enterprises of the world had a real opportunity to evacuate gas from pipeline sections subject to repair (maintenance ) or accumulate it (control gas pressure in local areas), but the analysis of world experience in the development of gas pressure control technology in localized sections of gas pipelines allows us to assert that there are certain disparities between them in terms of operational safety and the complete absence of regulatory support for the transportation process in Ukraine gas using mobile compressor stations. With this approach to the production process, it is difficult to improve the safety and efficiency of the gas transportation process. The potential for reducing natural gas emissions from the world's gas industry reaches billions of cubic meters of natural gas per year. Purpose of the article. Development of technical requirements for mobile compressor units (stations), which will make it possible to design domestic gas compressor units (stations) capable of safely performing work on pumping natural gas from a localized section of the main gas pipeline to an existing main gas pipeline, within no more than 96 hours, without restrictions on gas supply to consumers. Conclusion. The technical requirements developed by us for mobile compressor units (stations) allow us to design domestic compressor units (stations) capable of safely performing work on pumping natural gas from a localized section of the main gas pipeline to the existing main gas pipeline, within no more than 96 hours, without restrictions on gas supply to consumers.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cascading Accidents of Frostbite, Fire, and Explosion Caused by Liquefied Natural Gas Leakage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Chengjun Yue ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Hengbo Xiang ◽  
Linfeng Xu ◽  
Shigang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Vapor Cloud ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamic Software

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) leaks often lead to cascading accident disasters, including vapor cloud release, explosion, fire, and toxic gas release. The origin and evolution of each accidental disaster must be considered when assessing safety. This paper discusses the safety assessment project of an LNG gas storage station in Xuzhou, China. Multiple conceivable disasters due to the leakage of LNG storage tanks are simulated and analyzed using the computational fluid dynamic software FLACS. We studied different wind speeds interacting with the flammable vapor cloud area and creating frostbite in areas of low temperature. Diffusion simulations of vapor cloud explosion (VCE), thermal radiation, and the distribution of toxic substances were performed. The overpressure-impulse criterion was used to calculate the influence range of VCE. Heat flux, heat dose, and heat flux-heat dose criteria were used to calculate the safe distance for personnel in the event of fire. Based on the calculation results of the three latter criteria, this paper recommends using the heat flux criterion to evaluate fire accidents. The danger zone of each accident was compared. VCE accidents yielded the largest area.

scholarly journals ARTISTIC COMPONENT IN MODERN INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
A. A. Kharytonova ◽  
◽  
Y. R. Kravchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
City Development ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Industrial Architecture ◽  
Spatial Composition ◽  
The Aesthetic

The article is devoted to the consideration of the features of the formation of the appearance of objects, taking into account the technological process, the identification of fixed assets and methods of creating the spatial-spatial composition of buildings within the existing city development. These are: the Nestle plant in Mexico, the Fagus factory, the construction of the Leeds incinerator, etc. Industrial architecture is an integral part of society. The presence and functioning of industrial enterprises characterizes the economic and political independence of the state. Industrial areas are usually large in area. and environmental friendliness. It is extremely important for modern industrial design to take into account the energy efficiency of a building, as industrial buildings are directly related to the consumption of natural resources, most of which are exhausted. in the design and reconstruction of industrial facilities nowadays, in addition to taking into account the technological process, it is extremely important to pay attention to the exterior and interior decoration of buildings. This not only affects the aesthetic component of human perception, but also promotes the productivity of workers. Many industrial structures are included in the social and cultural life of the city, combining several additional functions, in addition to the main (industrial). The development of industrial architecture is closely linked to the development of facing materials, which are often used aluminum. But in the construction of industrial buildings can be used and other materials that allow you to create many color schemes. All factors determine the need to create an aesthetic environment that meets the needs of society.

scholarly journals MODELING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS OF MULTIPHASE FLOWS IN ELBOW AND T-JUNCTION OF THE MAIN GAS PIPELINE

Transport ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Doroshenko ◽  
Julia Doroshenko ◽  
Vasyl Zapukhliak ◽  
Lyubomyr Poberezhny ◽  
Pavlo Maruschak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Multiphase Flows ◽  
Linear Part ◽  
Erosive Wear ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Gas Main ◽  
Discrete Phase ◽  
Main Gas Pipeline

The research was performed in order to obtain the physical picture of the movement of condensed droplets and solid particles in the flow of natural gas in elbows and T-junctions of the linear part of the main gas pipeline. 3D modeling of the elbow and T-junction was performed in the linear part of the gas main, in particular, in places where a complex movement of multiphase flows occurs and changes its direction. In these places also occur swirls, collisions of discrete phases in the pipeline wall, and erosive wear of the pipe wall. Based on Lagrangian approach (Discrete Phase Model – DPM), methods of computer modeling were developed to simulate multiphase flow movement in the elbow and T-junction of the linear part of the gas main using software package ANSYS Fluent R17.0 Academic. The mathematical model is based on solving the Navier–Stokes equations, and the equations of continuity and discrete phase movement closed with Launder–Sharma (k–e) two-parameter turbulence model with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. In T-junction, we simulated gas movement in the run-pipe, and the passage of the part of flow into the branch. The simulation results were visualized in postprocessor ANSYS Fluent R17.0 Academic and ANSYS CFD-Post R17.0 Academic by building trajectories of the motion of condensed droplets and solid particles in the elbow and T-junction of the linear part of the gas main in the flow of natural gas. The trajectories were painted in colors that match the velocity and diameter of droplets and particles according to the scale of values. After studying the trajectories of discrete phases, the locations of their heavy collision with the pipeline walls were found, as well as the places of turbulence of condensed droplets and solid particles. The velocity of liquid and solid particles was determined, and the impact angles, diameters of condensed droplets and solid particles in the place of collision were found. Such results provide possibilities for a full and comprehensive investigation of erosive wear of the elbow and T-junction of the linear part of the gas main and adjacent sections of the pipeline, and for the assessment of their strength and residual life.

Operation of the Technicon Flame Photometer with Natural Gas Use in the Determination of Serum Lithium and the Semi-Micro Analysis of Serum Sodium and Potassium

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald B Nevius ◽  
Gerard F Lanchantin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Flame Photometer ◽  
System A ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
The City ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

Abstract Natural gas was substituted for propane gas in the oxygen-fuel mixture supplying the Technicon AutoAnalyzer flame photometer. This was accomplished by the use of a 1/3-hp rotary pump and attached manifold, which compressed the gas from the city line and supplied it at a constant pressure to the burner module of the system. A method for the automatic analysis of serum Li was devised by using K as an internal standard and comparing the output of the Li-sensitive photo-cell with that of an attenuated K-sensitive cell. In addition, a simple procedure was incorporated into the routine determination of serum Na and K: samples of insufficient volume were diluted in a solution of known electrolyte concentration, which permitted their quantitation without changing the tubing manifold or other operating components of the system.

A Novel Chemical-Looping Hydrogen Generation System With Multi-Input Fossil Fuels

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaosong Zhang ◽  
Hongguang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Generation System ◽  
System A ◽  
Energy Penalty ◽  
Burning Coal ◽  
Chemical Looping Hydrogen Generation

This paper proposes a multi-input chemical looping hydrogen generation system (MCLH), which generates hydrogen, through the use of natural gas and coal. In this system, a new type of oven, burning coal instead of natural gas as heating resource for hydrogen production reaction, is adopted. Coal can be converted to hydrogen indirectly without gasification. Benefits from the chemical looping process, the CO2 can be captured without energy penalty. With the same inputs of fuel, the new system can product about 16% more hydrogen than that of individual systems. As a result, the energy consumption of the hydrogen production is about 165J/mol-H2. Based on the exergy analyses, it is disclosed that the integration of synthetic utilization of natural gas and coal plays a significant role in reducing the exergy destruction of the MCLH system. The promising results obtained may lead to a clean coal technology that will utilize natural gas and coal more efficiently and economically.

Risk Management, JSC Achimgaz Project Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Е. Усова ◽  
E. Usova ◽  
Валерий Фунтов ◽  
Valeriy Funtov ◽  
А. Бутов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Management System ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Risk Management System ◽  
Iso 31000 ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

The article is devoted to the introduction of risk management system in the activities of JSC Achimgaz, operating in the oil and gas sector and implementing the Project for the extraction of natural gas and condensate (hereinafter the Project). The analysis of implementation, its effectiveness within a system is discussed. According to the analysis the conclusion about the necessity of creating a unified system that integrates risk management into decision-making processes, key business processes and the culture of the organization, according to GOST ISO 31000-2010.

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