Interplay between the Political Ideal and Reality

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Chan
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
The Real ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Dual Character ◽  
Political Ideal ◽  
The Ideal

This introductory chapter discusses how Confucian political philosophy can be modernized and enrich liberal democratic theories and political practices. It examines Confucian political thought from a perspective that explores the intricate interplay between political ideal and reality. Political philosophy has a dual character: viewed as a philosophical field of study, it searches for an ideal social and political order that expresses the best aspects of humanity; viewed as a political field of study, it aims to present an understanding of the real world and give principled guidance as to how people should act. The challenge of such two-track theorizing is twofold: to demonstrate the attractiveness of the ideal even though it is unlikely to work in the real world, and to show that a feasible nonideal conception of order still tallies with the ideal conception.

Neuplatonische politische Philosophie in der Rede Περὶ βασιλείας des Synesios von Kyrene

Elenchos ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-177
Author(s):  
Michael Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Political Realm ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract This paper argues that Synesios’ De regno is a mirror for princes and a splendid example of Neoplatonic political philosophy. It is based on Plato’s Politeia and its model of philosopher-kingship. Synesios makes his audience compare the current political reality with the ideal of the philosopher-kings, who are the image of the transcendent god in the political realm. In doing so he recommends political virtue in general, especially phronesis and sophrosyne. Particularly he argues for reforming the recruitment of military and civil officials with reference to Plato’s concept of friendship in the Politeia.

Between Real and Ideal: Documenting Media Art

Leonardo ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Jones ◽  
Lizzie Muller
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Real World ◽  
Media Art ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Real ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Ideal

This paper describes a new approach to documenting media art which seeks to place in dialogue the artist's intentions and the audience's experience. It explicitly highlights the productive tension between the ideal, conceptual existence of the work, and its actual manifestation through different iterations and exhibitions in the real world. The paper describes how the approach was developed collaboratively during the production of a documentary collection for the artwork Giver of Names, by David Rokeby. It outlines the key features of the approach including artist's interview, audience interviews and data structure.

scholarly journals Biblical Inspirations in Nikifor’s Paintings

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wałczyk
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Self ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
The Real ◽  
Ideal World ◽  
The World ◽  
Biblical Anthropology ◽  
Divine Order ◽  
The Ideal

Nikifor Krynicki (Epifaniusz Drowniak, 1895-1968) was one of the most popular non-academic Polish painters worldwide. To show the biblical inspiration in his creative output I chose two categories from various thematic aspects: self-portraits and landscapes with a church. There are plenty of Nikifor’s paintings showing him as a teacher, as a celebrating priest, as a bishop, or even as Christ. A pop­ular way to explain this idea of self-portraits is a psychological one: as a form of auto-therapy. This analysis is aims to show a deeper expla­nation for the biblical anthropology. Nikifor’s self-portraits as a priest celebrating the liturgy are a symbol of creative activity understood as a divine re-creation of the world. Such activity needs divine inspira­tion. Here are two paintings to recall: Potrójny autoportret (The triple self-portrait) and Autoportret w trzech postaciach (Self-portrait in three persons). The proper way to understand the self-identification with Christ needs a reference to biblical anthropology. To achieve our re­al-self we need to identify with Christ, whose death and resurrection bring about our whole humanity. The key impression we may have by showing Nikifor’s landscapes with a church is harmony. The painter used plenty of warm colors. Many of the critics are of the opinion that Nikifor created an imaginary, ideal world in his landscapes, the world he wanted to be there and not the real world. The thesis of this article is that Nikifor created not only the ideal world, but he also showed the source of the harmony – the divine order.

The Modern Tradition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Anne-Marie Curley
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Pure Land ◽  
Complementary Relationship ◽  
The Real ◽  
Pastoral Letter ◽  
Private Matter ◽  
Modern Nation State ◽  
The Ideal

Abbot Kōnyo’s pastoral letter of 1871 codifies an understanding of the Pure Land as a transcendent realm, attainable only after death, and of faith as a private matter of the heart. This understanding is valuable as a way of negotiating a place for Shinshū in the regime of the modern nation-state. Early Meiji thinkers like Shimaji Mokurai rely on this understanding of religion as internal in arguing for the separation of church and state. Shinshū reformer Kiyozawa Manshi pushes this focus on interiority to its limit, destabilizing the complementary relationship between the Buddhist law and the imperial law that his predecessors sought to secure. During the Taishō, Kiyozawa’s disciple Kaneko Daiei attempts to rearticulate the connection between the ideal Pure Land and the real world, while the Honganji-ha thinker Nonomura Naotarō argues that it is time for the Pure Land tradition to set aside the myth of the Western Paradise.

Three Graces

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ita Mac Carthy
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Real World ◽  
Love Poetry ◽  
The Real ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
The Arts ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Poetry And Music

This introductory chapter analyses the April fresco depicting the three Graces of classical tradition in the Salone dei mesi (Room of the months) of Ferrara's Palazzo Schifanoia. The Allegory of April transforms the abstract qualities of grace into an eloquent verbal language that is read from top to bottom by following the line of their spiritual passage from the heavens to deserving mortals below. Close allies of beauty and faithful escorts to Love, these qualities inspire the arts of love, poetry, and music. Through the sign of Taurus, they infuse the powers of liberality into the hearts of the elect. An ideal rather than a realistic portrait of universal grace and sociability, though, the fresco also conveys the real-world dearth of its qualities. For although the fresco's painter, Francesco del Cossa, paints grace with grace, he fails to receive grace in return. He shares in a problem that fifteenth-century poets, artists, male courtiers, and court ladies knew well: the problem of what happens when the grace personified and idealized in the figure of the three Graces meets with nothing but ingratitude.

Introduction

John Rawls ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Real World ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Political Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Ideal Standards ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
The Ideal

What is the relation between political theory and political practice? In what ways can political philosophy help people to address real injustices in the world? John Rawls argues that an important role of political philosophy is to identify the ideal standards of justice at which we should aim in political practice. Other philosophers challenge this approach, arguing that Rawls’s idealizations are not useful as a guide for action or, worse, that they are an impediment to addressing actual injustices in the world. They argue, instead, that political philosophy ought to be focused on theorizing about the elimination of existing injustice. Still others argue that principles of justice should be identified without any constraint concerning the possibility of implementation or regulation in the real world at all....

Cicero's Political Ideal

1952 ◽  
Vol 21 (62) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
The Political ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Traditional Problem ◽  
Political Ideal ◽  
The Ideal

The fragmentary state in which Cicero's treatise De Republica has come down to us has given rise to considerable speculation as to the exact nature of the political ideal contained in it. Very varying conjectures have been advanced as to the significance and status of the rector or moderator rei publicae, and very different answers given to the question: Is the ideal a revised and improved form of the πάτριος πολιτεία or is it some kind of enlightened monarchy? The assumption on which this paper rests is, however, that the issue has not yet grown so academic but that a further examination of it may serve either to reveal some new, or to stress some neglected, feature of the traditional problem.It is first necessary to say something about the use of the word ‘ideal’ in reference to the Republic. It is customary to talk of the ‘ideal’ which Cicero propounds in that work, yet there is patently something unsatisfactory in the term, since historians are unable to agree as to what that ideal is. It may be suggested that the reason for this is in part an ambiguity of the word ‘ideal’ corresponding to a distinction in Cicero's intention in writing the Republic. What this might be is most easily seen from comparison with Aristotle's Politics, which similarly is said to contain its author's political ideal, and similarly has given rise to dispute as to what exactly that ideal is. In this case, however, there need be no doubt as to what is intended, since Aristotle explicitly distinguishes two senses of ‘ideal’ as applied to constitutions, namely that which is best a priori (ή κατ εὺχήν) and that which is the best that can be expected relative to circumstances (ή ἐκ τν ύποκειμένων).

scholarly journals Hermeneutika sebagai Metode Tafsir: Mengurai Konstruksi Pengetahuan Generasi Z Kota Malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
M. Miski ◽  
Lulu Fauziah Priyandini ◽  
M. Rozik Sudawam ◽  
Megawati Ayu Rahmawati Wardah ◽  
Alvian Chandra Alim
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Analysis Models ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This study is intended to answer three main questions. First, how does the Z generation in Malang City responds to the use of hermeneutics as a method of interpreting the Qur'an by Muslim scholars? Second, how is the process of transmitting their knowledge about it? And third, how is the construction of their knowledge about the ideal interpretation of the Qur'an and can respond to socio-religious dynamics and phenomena? This study is a field study, while the primary respondents are Z generation in Malang City. The use of descriptive, hermeneutic, and intertext analysis models on data, the results of this study showed that there are differences conveyed by the Z generation of Malang City related to the use of hermeneutics as a method of interpretation of the Qur'an: some of them accept it, while others reject it. The transmission of their knowledge about hermeneutics also varies; most of them are correlated with social media, some are still conventional, which relies on information from teachers, and so on. This showed that generation Z of Malang city is not entirely averse to issues that tend to be controversial. Moreover, the authority for interpreting the Qur'an has not entirely shifted from the real world to cyberspace, no matter how dependent they are on the new media.

scholarly journals MISKOLC - SATORALJAUJHELY - ΒΟΥΔΑΠΕΣΤΗ: ΑΝΑΖΗΤΩΝΤΑΣ ΤΑ ΙΧΝΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ ΕΜΠΟΡΙΚΗΣ ΔΙΑΣΠΟΡΑΣ ΣΤΗΝ ΟΥΓΓΑΡΙΑ

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
ΙΚΑΡΟΣ ΜΑΝΤΟΥΒΑΛΟΣ
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
The Real ◽  
Private Lives ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dual Character ◽  
Special Meaning

<p>The dual character of the trade diaspora of the Greeks is substantiated onthe one hand by the way they organized themselves and functioned within theHungarian bourgeois environment and, on the other, by the social andeconomic structures of the regions where they settled. The different historicalmanifestations of the activity of the Greeks are reflected in the archivallocations themselves: in the archive of the Greek Orthodox community ofMiskolc and the municipal archive of Sâtoraljaujhely, which came under theMunicipal Archive of Miskolc (Borsod - Abauj - Zemplén Megyei Levéltâr).The first comprises ledgers, account books, church and school registers, aswell as a mass of loose documents of diverse content, dating back to the early18th up to the mid-19th century, written mostly in the Greek language.Conversely, at the Sâtoraljaujhely archive, the lack of a separate archivalclassification for the Greeks can only be interpreted as proof of the swiftassimilation of the trade immigrants into the social and economic fabric of thehost city. Documents in Latin and Hungarian scattered within the archivalunities take on a special meaning in terms of the depth of the historicalresearch and the examination of individual events, which are interwoven withthe presence of Greek merchants in the province of Zemplén, in northeasternHungary.</p><p>The tracing of the Greek presence in Hungary is completed by a visit tothe Budapest Public Archive. Testaments and inheritance inventoriesbelonging to members of the Greek and Macedonian-Vlach communities ofPest were selected and photocopied. Aspects of private lives, the hierarchy ofrelationships, intertribal roles, the composition and structure of thehouseholds, as well as strategies for the transfer of property are cast in highrelief through the microhistorical examination of the material, illustrating themindset and perceptions that governed people's behaviour in the real world.</p>

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