Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-André Chiappori
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Family Economics ◽  
Transferable Utility ◽  
Production Risk ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Roe V Wade ◽  
Matching Models ◽  
The Relationship

This concluding chapter discusses the progress that has been made with matching models on both the theoretical and the empirical front. Regarding theory, the power and the limits of the transferable utility (TU) model are now better understood. The TU framework can (admittedly under specific assumptions on preferences) encompass most aspects of family economics, including fertility, domestic production, risk sharing, and the consumption of public commodities. On the empirical side, the econometrics of matching models have seen several major advances, with the Choo-Siow model as a prime example. The chapter also considers what matching models teach us about reality, such as the asymmetry between male and female demand for higher education, and the relationship between assortative matching and inequality. Furthermore, a host of social issues can only be analyzed from a general equilibrium perspective; this is evident in the case of Roe v. Wade.

Matching under Transferable Utility: Applications

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-André Chiappori
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Marriage Market ◽  
Comparative Statics ◽  
Female Empowerment ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Transferable Utility ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Roe V Wade ◽  
Matching Models

This chapter considers two examples of applications of matching models under transferable utility (TU). The first example deals with the legalization of abortion by virtue of Roe v. Wade and the feminist claim that it empowered all women. The second example deals with the discrepancy between male and female demand for higher education over the last decades. After providing an overview of Roe v. Wade and how it resulted in female empowerment, the chapter describes the model that takes into account preferences and budget constraints, stable matching on the marriage market, and changes in birth control technology. It then examines gender differences in the demand for higher education using the CIW (Chiappori, Iyigun, and Weiss) model, with a focus on equilibrium, preferences for singlehood, comparative statics, empirical implementation, and the Low model showing that higher education results in a deterministic drop in fertility.

Matching under Transferable Utility: Theory

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-André Chiappori
Keyword(s):  
Pareto Frontier ◽  
Intrahousehold Allocation ◽  
Formal Definition ◽  
Hedonic Models ◽  
Transferable Utility ◽  
Property A ◽  
Hedonic Equilibrium ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Matching Models ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter considers the theory of matching under transferable utility (TU). It first introduces a formal definition of the TU property: a group satisfies TU if there exists monotone transformations of individual utilities such that the Pareto frontier is a hyperplane. It then examines the cornerstone of the theory of nontransferable utility (NTU) matching, namely, the Gale-Shapley algorithm, before turning to a discussion of a crucial property of matching models under TU: their intrinsic relationship with optimal transportation. It also describes the notions of supermodularity and assortativeness, along with individual utilities and intrahousehold allocation. Finally, it looks at hedonic models, taking into account hedonic equilibrium and stable matching, and presents two examples that illustrate the relationship between matching and hedonic models: a competitive IO model and randomized matching.

Matching with Transfers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-André Chiappori
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Family Economics ◽  
Applied Economics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Organ Donations ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Matching Models

Over the past few decades, matching models, which use mathematical frameworks to analyze allocation mechanisms for heterogeneous products and individuals, have attracted renewed attention in both theoretical and applied economics. These models have been used in many contexts, from labor markets to organ donations, but recent work has tended to focus on “nontransferable” cases rather than matching models with transfers. This book fills a gap in the literature by presenting a clear and elegant overview of matching with transfers and provides a set of tools that enable the analysis of matching patterns in equilibrium, as well as a series of extensions. It then applies these tools to the field of family economics and shows how analysis of matching patterns and of the incentives thus generated can contribute to our understanding of long-term economic trends, including inequality and the demand for higher education.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PREFERENSI RISIKO PRODUKSI DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN KEIKUTSERTAAN PETANI DALAM PROGRAM ASURANSI USAHATANI PADI (AUTP) DI KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Damel Fink Lybaws ◽  
Zulkifli Alamsyah ◽  
Saidin Nainggolan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Wetland Rice ◽  
Production Risk ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Factors Of Production ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Agriculture insurance is offered as one of the funding schemes relating to risk sharing in farming activities. Risk plays as important farmer’s decision to use inputs. This study aimed : (I) to describe the implementation o the AUTP Program in Tanjung Jabung Timur district. (II) Identify production factors influence the risk of rice production, (iii) Farmer’s preferences in acing the risk in rice production, (iv) the relationship of implementing the AUTP Program with behavior of rice farmers. The production function with Just and Pope model was used to knowing influence the risk of rice production, risk preference of khumbakar model was used to estimate risk of rice production. Chi Square test is used to determine the relationship of the implementation of the AUTP Program with behavior of rice farmers. The data obtain from 95 respondents who selected randomly using (simple random sampling). The research result showed that all factors of production effect field rice farming significantly. Meanwhile, partially the use of factors of production seed, NPK fertilizer, urea fertilizer, labour, and land area affect the production significantly on the risk of wetland rice. The average farmer’s preference tend to be risked taker, there is a significant relationship between the farmer participation in the AUTP Program and farmer’s preferences in facing the risk of rice production. Keywords : Risk, Production, Preference, Wetland Rice

Matching under Transferable Utility: Some Extensions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-André Chiappori
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Marriage Market ◽  
Stable Matching ◽  
Coase Theorem ◽  
Transferable Utility ◽  
Matching Problem ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Matching Models ◽  
Roommate Matching

This chapter considers some extensions of matching models under transferable utility (TU). It begins with a discussion of preinvestment, in which agents deliberately invest in education, and the stock of human capital that characterizes them when entering the marriage market is therefore (at least partly) endogenous. It is safe to assume that agents, when deciding their investment, take into account, among other things, its impact on the marriage market. An alternative argument is that agents are likely to invest too much. The chapter proceeds by analyzing the relevance of TU to risk sharing, multidimensional matching, and the roommate matching problem, taking into account the existence of a stable matching and the cloned bipartite problem. Finally, it describes the basic model of divorce and remarriage, focusing on compensations in the Becker-Coase theorem as well as violations of the theorem.

Introduction: Matching Models in Economics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-André Chiappori
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Household Behavior ◽  
Transferable Utility ◽  
Bargaining Models ◽  
Unitary Model ◽  
Matching Models ◽  
Gender Specific

This chapter considers two related puzzles that are directly related to family formation (and dissolution) and to intrafamily allocation: the first deals with the increase in inequality in the United States in recent decades, and the second has to do with some remarkable trends in gender-specific demand for higher education. In addition, it also describes the main features of matching models, including a frictionless environment and notion of transfers, with particular emphasis on nontransferable utility, transferable utility, and imperfectly transferable utility. Finally, it discusses existing models of household behavior, such as the unitary model, the collective model, and noncooperative models, as well as bargaining models of the household. An overview of the book's content is also presented.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Sports Talk Radio’s Effect On Social Issues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehana Power ◽  
Elham Mohamud ◽  
Brandon McRoy ◽  
Cleandre Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Talk Radio ◽  
Midwestern United States ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sports Talk

Professional athletes are becoming more vocal about their stances on different social issues like Black Lives Matter, MeToo and more. The researchers chose to investigate the effects that sports talk radio has on listeners perceptions of different social issues. Participants of the study hailed from a Lutheran, faith-based institution of higher education in an urban area of the Midwestern United States. The study thoroughly addressed the relationship between consumers of sports talk radio and their opinions on professional athletes addressing social issues.

The next generation: Experiences of higher educated Turkish-Dutch on The Hague labour market

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Karijn G. Nijhoff
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Education System ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Market Positioning ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dutch City

This paper explores the relationship between education and labour market positioning in The Hague, a Dutch city with a unique labour market. One of the main minority groups, Turkish-Dutch, is the focus in this qualitative study on higher educated minorities and their labour market success. Interviews reveal that the obstacles the respondents face are linked to discrimination and network limitation. The respondents perceive “personal characteristics” as the most important tool to overcoming the obstacles. Education does not only increase their professional skills, but also widens their networks. The Dutch education system facilitates the chances of minorities in higher education through the “layering” of degrees. 

Relationship between Faithfulness and Preference of Stars in a Planetarium

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10402-1-10402-11
Author(s):  
Midori Tanaka ◽  
Takahiko Horiuchi ◽  
Ken’ichi Otani
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Preference Rating ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Low Luminance ◽  
Projection Pattern ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Star Field

Abstract A planetarium imitates a starry sky with physical and technical limitations using a dome, projector, and light source. It is widely used for entertainment, and astronomy and physics educations. In our previous study, we investigated the evaluation for faithful reproduction of a star field in a planetarium by performing psychometric experiments with 20 observers for plural projection patterns with different reproduction factors (color, luminance, and size of projected stars). In this study, we investigate the relationship between faithfulness and preference of a star field in a planetarium through a psychometric experiment with 47 observers. The experimental procedure followed the previous study. The rating of faithfulness improved for the projection pattern with a smaller star size. For the preference evaluation, the projection pattern with low luminance significantly lowered the preference rating. The results of the experiment indicate that the preferable star reproduction was different between male and female observers, whereas the faithful star reproduction was not significantly different in the evaluations between male and female observers. The male observers sought a faithful star reproduction as the preferred reproduction. In contrast, the female observers did not feel the faithful star reproduction preferable, and evaluated the more brilliant star reproduction as the preferred reproduction. These results were not dependent on the experience in astronomical observations.

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