scholarly journals Development of technique of remote spectral sensing of technogenically loaded territories

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Berdnikova ◽  
Vasily V. Ermakov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Reflection Spectra ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Spectral Sensing ◽  
Spectral Equipment ◽  
Data Calibration

Introduction. The article considers the problem of monitoring technologically loaded landscapes. To solve it, the authors proposed an innovative method for studying the chemical composition of objects using direct spectral sensing means. Problem Statement. The objective of this study is to consider the possibility of using spectral sensing to control the composition of soils in technogenically loaded territories. Practical Part. To confirm the hypothesis that observing changes in the parameters of reflection spectra in non-selective areas will make it possible to establish the presence of basic biogenic macroelements for plants in the soil and evaluate its fertility, or determine the degree of contamination of the territory, a laboratory experiment was conducted using modern spectral equipment and multidimensional data calibration was performed. Conclusion. The results of the analysis show the fundamental possibility of using spectral sensing in the monitoring of technogenically loaded territories using methods of multidimensional data analysis.

IMPACT OF INNOVATIVE METHOD OF PREPARING TOBACCO LEAVES FOR DRYING ON THE BASIC PARAMETERS OF QUALITY OF TOBACCO RAW MATERIAL

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.Е. Ульянченко
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Commercial Grade ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Basic Parameters

Исследовано влияние приема прорезания средней жилки на основные качественные показатели табачного сырья. Исследования проводили на листьях основных сортотипов табака Трапезонд и Остролист по массовым ломкам. Прорезание жилки осуществляли на инновационном оборудовании экспериментальном образце линии подготовки листьев табака к сушке ЛПТС360 (ВНИИТТИ, Краснодар). Качество табачного сырья с прорезанной жилкой определяли по товарным сортам, технологическим и курительным свойствам, химическому составу по методикам лабораторного контроля ВНИИТТИ. Инновационный способ подготовки табака к сушке в едином потоке с применением технологического оборудования, включающего прорезатель, выявил положительный технологический результат. Установлена эффективность приема прорезания средней жилки: срок естественной сушки листьев с прорезанной жилкой сократился в 2,5 раза выход 1го товарного сорта сырья составил 74,60 87,93 выход волокна сырья с прорезанной жилкой превышает минимальное значение технологических норм (75) в 1,15 1,26 раз условный расход сырья на единицу курительных изделий меньше норматива на 6 25 улучшен основной показатель химического состава табачного сырья (число Шмука) в 1,6 4,6 раза у сортотипа Трапезонд, в 1,2 1,5 раза у сортотипа Остролист дегустационные свойства сырья не ухудшились. Инновационный способ подготовки листьев табака к сушке, включающий прием прорезания средней жилки, рекомендуется для применения в производстве табачного сырья. The influence of middle vein cutting method on the main quality indicators of tobacco raw materials is studied. Studies were carried out on the leaves of the main varieties of tobacco Trapezond and Ostrolist, on mass breakdowns. Vein cutting was carried out on the innovative equipment of the line of preparation of tobacco leaves for drying LPTS360 (GNU VNIITTI RAA, Krasnodar). The quality of tobacco raw materials with a cut vein was determined by commercial grades, technological and Smoking properties, chemical composition in accordance with the methods VNIITTI. An innovative method of preparing tobacco for drying in a single stream with the use of technological equipment, including a cutter, revealed a positive technological result. The period of natural drying of leaves with cut veins decreased by 2,5 times. The yield of the 1st commercial grade of raw materials was 74,60 87,93. The output of the fiber raw material with cut vein exceeds the minimum value of technological norms (75) in 1,15 1,26 times. Conditional consumption of raw materials per unit of Smoking products is less than the norm by 6 25. The method of cutting the middle vein of the leaves improves the main indicator in the chemical composition of tobacco raw materials (Schmuck ratio) 1,6 4,6 times in the variety Trapezond and 1,2 1,5 times in the variety Ostrolist. The tasting properties of raw materials have not deteriorated. Analysis of raw material quality indicators showed that the innovative method of cutting the middle vein is effective and recommended for use in the production of tobacco raw materials.

scholarly journals The influence of sample preparation quality on the results of spectral analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
M. V. Lagoyskaya
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Discharge Chamber ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Central Laboratory ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Reference Samples ◽  
Spectral Equipment

Сonsiders the possibility of analyzing samples of small diameters without the use of special adapters for determining the chemical composition on spectrometers. Measurements are limited to the size of the hole on the analytical table, which is 12 mm. Accordingly, all analyzed samples must have a diameter of at least 14 mm to completely cover the sample cover of the discharge chamber in order to avoid air entering the chamber. The company manufacturer of spectral equipment offers to use special adapters for the analysis of small samples. But the use of such adapters has a number of drawbacks. These include additional cash costs for the purchase of adapters, the need for additional standardization procedures, the availability of special reference samples. In the laboratory of analytical support (LAS) of the Central Laboratory of the Factory (CLF), all samples of finished rolled products (wire rods or fittings) in size from 5.5 mm to 20 mm are prepared in the form of «blades». The compressed part of the «blade» is the analyzed surface of the sample, which is further processed on a disk grinder and transmitted to the spectral analysis. The article presents the results of comparative tests of valves class U500 between samples in the form of «blades» and in the form of «columns» and concluded that the necessity of use of special adapters.

scholarly journals LOW-MELTING UNFRITTED GLAZE IN THE MATERIALS SYSTEM "QUARTZ SAND-ULEXIT-SODA-FELVESPATCH CONCENTRATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
V. Onishchuk ◽  
S. Ageeva ◽  
E. Doroganov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glassy State ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Feldspar Concentrate ◽  
Optimal Values

The article presents the results of studies aimed at establishing the possibility of obtaining low-melting nephritized glazes for majolica with a glass transition temperature of not more than 1000 ° C in the system of materials "quartz sand - ulexite - soda - feldspar concentrate". A rational choice of raw materials will ensure the production of slips that are able to maintain their design chemical composition during the application of majolica to the shard, therefore, provide the specified chemical composition of the glaze and contribute to obtaining the required physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the glaze layer. The design of the material compositions of the charges and the chemical compositions of the glaze coatings was carried out using the mathematical planning of the experiment, which significantly reduced the time and material costs for research. The parameters that determine the quality of slips and glaze coatings have been established, their most optimal values have been identified, which ensure the production of acceptable glaze coatings, and the ways to optimize work in the studied direction have been determined. As a result, the fundamental possibility of obtaining low-melting nephritized glazes in the system of materials "quartz sand - ulexite - soda - feldspar concentrate, capable of transforming into a glassy state at temperatures not exceeding 1000 ºC, has been proved.

FEATURES CHEMICAL COMPOSITION BOTTOM DEPOSITS OF THE GRUSHEVKA AND TUZLOV RIVERS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Streltsova ◽  
◽  
Z.R. Bakiev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Bottom Deposits

An the heavy metals content in the bottom sediments of the lower reaches of the Grushevka and Tuzlov rivers was estimated. A comparative analysis of the degree of contamination of bottom sediments is carried out.

Laboratory reflection spectra for the determination of chemical composition of icy bodies

Icarus ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry A. Lebofsky ◽  
M.Bruce Fegley
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Reflection Spectra ◽  
Icy Bodies

scholarly journals An innovative method of activating lime waste. Waste – sorbent – product.

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Knaś
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Industrial Installation ◽  
Original Process ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Before And After

The paper presents the production technology of sorbents for flue gas desulphurization with the wet limestone method, produced on the basis of limestone waste. The waste was subjected to comprehensive physicochemical tests and the following were studied: size distribution, chemical composition, morphology and reactivity. The analysed waste was subjected to electromagnetic activation to improve the sorption properties lost in the original process. The effect of the activation process was determined by comparing physicochemical properties of the waste before and after its activation. Based on the experience gained, an industrial installation was designed and manufactured industrial.

scholarly journals MODERNIZATION OF METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INNOVATIVE METHOD OF COILING HOT-ROLLED STRIPS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassym Yelemessov ◽  
◽  
Kanay Rysbekov ◽  
Dinara Baskanbayeva ◽  
Akzhan Igbayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Rolled Strip ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Maximum Angle ◽  
Rolling Production ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Angle Of Rotation

The report presents the results of laboratory studies on the use of a combined (water and air) method of coiling hot-rolled strips on a coiler of a continuous broadstrip mill 1700. An innovative method of coiling strips allows to completely abandon the mechanical formation of hot-rolled coils. In order to study the hydraulic formation in laboratory conditions, a model of a coiler was created, which was structurally tied to the existing laboratory rolling mill "DUO-100". Studies carried out on the laboratory model of a coiler with hydraulic roll formation confirmed the fundamental possibility of using the proposed coiling method for working with various materials. Aluminum and lead strips were used as hot rolled strip. The results of laboratory work indicate a sufficient convergence of calculations with experimental data, which allows using the results obtained as recommendations for the creation of industrial installations. A method for calculating the flow rate and pressure of water and air is proposed. The calculation of the clamping force of the front end of the strip and the refined selection of the number of collectors and the maximum angle of rotation of the nozzle are carried out. The use of the combined principle for the formation of the first turns of the roll avoids contact between the rolled metal and the strip, expands the adjustment limits and reduces the requirements for its accuracy. The results obtained make it possible to recommend the use of a combined method of strip coiling in rolling production.

scholarly journals Hygienic assessment of the trace elements content in crop production in an industrially developed region

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. 918-924
Author(s):  
Rustem A. Daukaev ◽  
Tatyana K. Larionova ◽  
Ahat B. Bakirov ◽  
Evgeny G. Stepanov ◽  
Anna S. Fazlieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. Agricultural crops grown on garden plots are mainly used for personal consumption, are not subject to safety control, and therefore, the chemical composition of the produced crop products may significantly affect the accumulation or deficiency of chemical elements in the human body. Material and methods. To assess the chemical composition of the main products of plant origin produced in the regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan with different economic specialization, the content of 9 trace elements in carrots, table beets and potatoes was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (n = 353). Using the total coefficient of anthropogenic load (Ka.n. = ∑Ci/PDUi), the territory of the Republic was ranked according to the degree of contamination of vegetable crops with toxic elements (lead, cadmium). The influence of trace elements contained in crop products on the health of the region’s population was studied using the risk assessment method. Results. Vegetables with a high content of cadmium (10.8% of the analyzed samples) occupy the largest share in the total volume of crop production that does not meet hygiene standards. When ranking the territory of the Republic on the basis of health risk assessment and the degree of contamination of vegetable crops with toxic elements, territories with a developed mining and petrochemical industry were found to be most unfavorable zones. Conclusion. The content of chemical elements in vegetable crops produced on household plots varies in a wide range, depending on the type of plant products and the place of growth. The lack of standards for the permissible content of certain trace elements in food raw materials and food products, which are priority pollutants in a number of regions, and safety control of products produced in private farms increase the risk of consumption of contaminated products by the population.

scholarly journals The Method of Generalizing Spatial Information into a Single Multidimensional Data Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 8426-8432
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Multidimensional Data Model ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Graphic Representations ◽  
Multidimensional Information ◽  
Information Objects

The study presents innovative method of generalizing spatial information into a single multidimensional data model technology based on multidimensional information objects (MIO). This advanced method is intended to describe various types of spatial information of general planning objects at a construction site and their generalization into a single multidimensional model of general plan data. The method was further developed on the basis of newly introduced operations on multidimensional information objects. The operations of simple and generalized change and spatial generalization make it possible to integrate heterogeneous spatial information into single information space at all organizational levels of management while maintaining its integrity. The paper considers mathematical descriptions and graphic representations of information models of various types of spatial objects of general planning based on multidimensional information objects.

The Origin of the Moon

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

The difference between average densities of the Moon and Earth was interpreted in the preceding report by Professor H. Urey as indicating a difference in their chemical composition. Therefore, Urey assumes the Moon's formation to have taken place far away from the Earth, under conditions differing substantially from the conditions of Earth's formation. In such a case, the Earth should have captured the Moon. As is admitted by Professor Urey himself, such a capture is a very improbable event. In addition, an assumption that the “lunar” dimensions were representative of protoplanetary bodies in the entire solar system encounters great difficulties.

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