scholarly journals ТЕКСТ ДИЛЕТАНТА VS НЕОДНОРОДНОСТЬ МАССОВОЙ РЕЧЕВОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Orlova ◽  
Veronika Kostina
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Chief Editor ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
Speech Features ◽  
Modern Mass ◽  
Evaluative Reactions

Введение. Дилетантский текст представляет собой заметное явление современной массовой (не элитарной) речевой культуры. К факторам, обеспечивающим продвижение данного типа текстов в СМИ, относятся приоритет гедонистической функции в ущерб познавательной, а также интерес социума к публичной личности, которой институт медиа предоставляет возможность высказываться по вопросам, не связанным с полученным образованием и профессией. Цель – исследование восприятия дилетантского текста (его содержание и формы) разными группами реципиентов. Проблематика исследования направлена на выявление неоднородности массовой речевой культуры через сопоставление оценочных позиций разных адресатов одного текста. Материал и методы. Как образец дилетантского текста использован текст главного редактора глянцевого журнала, который подчеркнуто дистанцируется от специалистов в обсуждаемой им области знания (филологии). На основе семантико-стилистического метода анализируется речевой материал, полученный в психолингвистическом эксперименте, т. е. вторичные тексты-реакции. Реципиенты поделены на три группы: неспециалисты от 18 до 44 лет; неспециалисты от 50 до 62 лет; студенты, обучающиеся по направлению «Филология». Результаты исследования. Установлено, что текст транслирует относительно достоверную информацию (научное и околонаучное знание, лингвистический миф), содержит фактические ошибки. Экспериментальное исследование оценочных реакций на текст показывает, что транслируемые текстом сведения некритично воспринимаются значительной частью реципиентов. Отношение к дилетанту как социальному типу у неспециалистов зависит от возраста: молодые участники эксперимента относятся к нему более лояльно, чем реципиенты старшей группы. Студенты, освоившие в теории и на практике обсуждаемую проблему, высказываются о суждениях дилетанта резко негативно. Оценки речевых особенностей текста коррелируют с оценками содержания. Младшая группа одобряет юмор, доступность, «легкость», с которой подается информация; старшая группа отмечает в тексте речевую агрессию, нарушение этических норм. Филологи в своих оценках речевой манеры автора ближе к старшей группе, то есть консервативнее своих сверстников. Научная новизна и практическая значимость. В лингвистический оборот вводится понятие дилетантского текста и его автора; уточняются условия, обусловливающие выдвижение фигуры дилетанта как субъекта массовой коммуникации; на основе отношения к дилетантскому тексту обосновывается наличие поколенченских вариантов массовой речевой культуры. Заключение. Оценочные реакции на одну из разновидностей современной массовой культуры – дилетантский текст – позволяют говорить о неоднородности этой культуры, а именно о существовании старшей и младшей коммуникативной нормы. Позиции младшей нормы в массовой речевой культуре являются более сильными. Этот вывод сделан на основании того, что речевые особенности исходного текста, получившие у реципиентов младшей группы одобрение, а реципиентов старшей – неодобрение, рассматриваются в современной стилистике как наиболее яркие черты прессы в целом.Introduction. The amateurish text is a notable phenomenon of modern mass (not elitist) speech culture. Factors that ensure the promotion of this type of text in the media include the priority of the hedonistic function to the detriment of the cognitive, as well as the interest of society in the public figure, which the media institute provides an opportunity to speak on issues not related to education and profession. The aim of the article is to study the perception of an amateurish text (its content and form) by different groups of recipients. The research issues are aimed at identifying the heterogeneity of mass speech culture by comparing the estimated positions of different recipients of the same text. Material and methods. As an example of amateurish text, the text of the chief editor of a glossy magazine is used, which emphasizes distance from specialists in the field of knowledge (philology) that he discusses. Based on the semantic- stylistic method, speech material obtained in a psycholinguistic experiment, that is, secondary reaction texts, is analyzed. Recipients are divided into three groups: non-specialists from 18 to 44 years old; non-specialists from 50 to 62 years old; students studying in the direction of “Philology”. Results and discussion. It is established that the text broadcasts relatively reliable information (scientific and semiscientific knowledge, a linguistic myth), contains factual errors. An experimental study of evaluative reactions to the text shows that the information transmitted by the text is uncritically accepted by a significant part of the recipients. Non-specialists regard the amateur as a social type depending on age: young participants in the experiment are more loyal to him than senior group recipients. Students who have mastered the problem under discussion in theory and practice speak out sharply negatively about amateur judgments. Assessment of the speech features of the text correlate with the assessment of content. The younger group approves of the humor, accessibility, “ease” with which the information is presented; the senior group notes in the text speech aggression, violation of ethical standards. Philologists in their assessments of the author’s speech style are closer to the older group, that is, more conservative than their peers. Conclusion. Evaluative reactions to one of the varieties of modern mass culture – the amateurish text – allow us to talk about the heterogeneity of this culture, namely the existence of an older and younger communicative norm. The positions of the younger norm in mass speech culture are stronger. This conclusion is based on the fact that the speech features of the source text, which received approval from the younger group recipients, and disapproval of the senior recipients, are considered in modern style as the most striking features of the press as a whole.

How to Tell the Truth without Outraging the Press?

MedienJournal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Li Xiguang
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Stories ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chinese News Media

The commercialization of meclia in China has cultivated a new journalism business model characterized with scandalization, sensationalization, exaggeration, oversimplification, highly opinionated news stories, one-sidedly reporting, fabrication and hate reporting, which have clone more harm than good to the public affairs. Today the Chinese journalists are more prey to the manipu/ation of the emotions of the audiences than being a faithful messenger for the public. Une/er such a media environment, in case of news events, particularly, during crisis, it is not the media being scared by the government. but the media itself is scaring the government into silence. The Chinese news media have grown so negative and so cynica/ that it has produced growing popular clistrust of the government and the government officials. Entering a freer but fearful commercially mediated society, the Chinese government is totally tmprepared in engaging the Chinese press effectively and has lost its ability for setting public agenda and shaping public opinions. 

Recognition and transformation: Beyond media discourses on the BRICS

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Dwyer ◽  
Olivier Arifon
Keyword(s):  
Political Elites ◽  
The Public ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
The Press ◽  
New Development ◽  
Multilateral Institution ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Discourses ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
Public Imagination

Based on literature review and interviews with journalists, we argue that the BRICS countries are constructing a collective vision, guided by logics of recognition and of transformation. The production of discourse reaches its high point during the BRICS leaders’ summits. To go beyond analysis of the discourse revealed in the media, this article examines projects, thereby aiming to qualify and label the justificatory discourses, in order to develop an understanding of intentions. The BRICS countries have become a reference point as the press increasingly makes comparisons between these countries. The notion of recognition, present in the political elites, also appears as a part of the public imagination and in the press. The leaders too seek transformation. The first official multilateral institution founded by the BRICS countries was the New Development Bank. Current efforts indicate the development of common scientific and technological research initiatives and official support for the establishment of an innovative BRICS Network University. Initiatives will appear as these countries try to consolidate their position.

scholarly journals Etika Menulis dengan Cahaya

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Agus Toto Widyatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mass Media

Abstract :The mass media had great influence in conveying a message against their common. The values of the message was set out in the text and images are presented by the media. The message may contain meaning positive and inspiring in describing events, so that is not interfere psychological of audience.  In the context of photojournalism, the expression that the power of the image can be far beyond the message conveyed through text. Because the meaning of the message, the essence of photojournalism must pay attention to the rules of journalism were set in the Press Law and the Code of Ethics of Journalism. An understanding of the ethics of photojournalism is not only for internal media, but also to a audience. Thus, the public can judge the mindset of media displaying photographic work does pay attention to aesthetic aspects or ignore the rules of journalism. Keywords: Photojournalism, Press Law, the Code of Ethics Journalism, the Power of Image

Regulatory Rationales Beyond the Economic: In Search of the Public Interest

2010 ◽  
pp. 38-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Feintuck
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Political Values ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
Market Economics

This article contends that regulation in certain fields should incorporate and give emphasis to values beyond those of market economics. It is argued here that the frame of reference of the market is too narrow to encompass properly a range of social and political values which are established in liberal democracies and can be seen as constitutional in nature. Examples from fields such as environmental regulation and regulation of the media are used here to illustrate a range of non-economic values which have been, are, or should be reflected in regulatory theory and practice as a means of recognising and reflecting principles related to social justice. Such principles extend beyond, and may be antithetical to the practices, values, and outcomes of market-driven decision-making.

Images of humanitarian crises: Ethical implications

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (315) ◽  
pp. 609-613
Author(s):  
Gilbert Holleufer
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
World View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Humanitarian Action ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
Visual Technologies

With the long-heralded advent of the information age, the upheaval caused by the proliferation of visual technologies in a society dominated by the media is forcing the entire spectrum of what used to be called “the press” to redefine itself, to reassess its professional code of ethics and to devise new working methods. Only by examining the role played by images in the global flow of information—especially their relationship to the written word—can we fully grasp what is at stake. Our world view is increasingly shaped by the images, televised or in print, to which the public is constantly exposed. Indeed, so great is their power that one can say, along with many analysts, that they are beginning to replace reality: only what has been authenticated, certified and validated by being photographed or filmed and shown on television really exists. As these images bombard us from all sides, everything that has not been seen captured on film is reduced to oblivion. What makes the power of images so irresistible?Images impart values. They attract or repel. They appeal to our imagination, play on our feelings and rouse us from our complacency: in other words, images stir our conscience because they purport to show us, in the raw, the unadorned, indisputable reality of things as they are. That is television's great ambition, that is its purpose; and that is what prompted Régis Debray to say that “television is fond of humanitarian stories since they are both human interest stories and moral tales”. Over the years, images of humanitarian action have invaded the media and fired people's imagination.

scholarly journals Economic Interests of Media in the Coverage of the News Value of Sex on the Harian Rakyat Aceh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdani M. Syam ◽  
Nur Anisah ◽  
Rahmat Saleh ◽  
Abdul Rani Usman ◽  
Dini Khairani
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
News Value ◽  
The Media ◽  
Spss Software

In addition to having the freedom to spread news to the public, the press also have the freedom to search and process news. In exercising that freedom, journalists always consider that news must be interesting so that people want to read it. The media coverage of sex, including stories on rape, sexual harassment, adultery, cheating, and sordid topics, is a news value that has a high rating for people. Sometimes in the economic interests of the media, journalists violate the norms and ethics of the news. This study is aimed to examine through content analysis the coverage of sex in the Harian Rakyat Aceh newspaper, which from January to April 26 featured 54 articles related to sex. This study examined this coverage in the context of Indonesia’s implementation of the journalistic code of ethics. Indonesian journalists are prohibited from mixing facts and opinions and from reporting sadistic and obscene news. Using the Holsti formula, inter-coder reliability resulted in a CR of 0.99, showing strong reliability. After data collection, coding sheets were analyzed using SPSS software to determine the results of each category. This study found that the news value of the 54 articles in the Harian Rakyat Aceh newspaper is considered to have violated the journalistic code of ethics. Thus, it can be assumed that there is an economic interest in the media’s reporting of sex in that newspaper.

scholarly journals PROBLEMATIKA PERS LOKAL DALAM MENGHADAPI KONTESTASI PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH (PILKADA) DI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Icol Dianto
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Public Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
The Press ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Practical Politics ◽  
The Media ◽  
Professional Institution

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Local press problems in facing the contestation of the election of Regional Heads in West Sumatra Province can be grouped into two broad lines: first, the local press is dragged into a conflict of interest in the election of the Regional Head including 1) The Press supports one candidate pair, 2). Incitement of the success team, 3). The interests of media owners and stakeholders in media companies. Second, the intervention of the Regional Head towards local media includes 1). Change the Regional Head changes journalists, 2). Contract termination threats and 3). Media blockade. As for the solution to the problem, an alternative solution can be proposed that: 1). Re-guided Law Number 40 of 1999 concerning Press. 2). Balancing the press as a business industry with the press as a professional institution (social control). 3). The media owner should not use and manipulate his press company into the realm of practical politics. 5). In establishing cooperation with local governments, strive to stick to the principles and ethics of the journalistic profession. 6). Journalists must increase the capacity and quality of journalistic products, adhere to journalists' code of ethics, and not bring the profession into the realm of practical politics. 7). Report regional heads or parties who attempt to intimidate the media and journalists in carrying out their profession, to the Public Information Commission (KIP), police and Ombudsman at certain levels of government.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Local Press, Problems, Pemilukada Contestation.</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Problematika pers lokal dalam menghadapi kontestasi pemilihan Kepala Daerah di Provinsi Sumatera Barat dapat dikelompokkan pada dua garis besar: yaitu <em>pertama</em>, pers lokal terseret dalam konflik kepentingan pemilihan Kepala Daerah meliputi 1) Pers mendukung salah satu pasangan calon, 2). hasutan tim sukses, 3). kepentingan pemilik media dan pemangku kewenangan pada perusahaan media. <em>Kedua</em>, intervensi Kepala daerah terhadap media lokal meliputi 1). berganti Kepala Daerah berganti wartawan, 2). ancaman putus kontrak dan 3). blokade media. Adapun solusi untuk permasalahan tersebut, dapat diajukan alternative penyelesaiannya bahwa: 1). Mempedomani kembali Undang-Undang Nomor 40 tahun 1999 tentang Pers. 2). Menyeimbangkan antara pers sebagai industry bisnis dengan pers sebagai lembaga professional (<em>control social</em>). 3). Pemilik media jangan memanfaatkan dan memperalat perusahaan pers miliknya ke ranah politik praktis. 5). Dalam menjalin kerja sama dengan pemerintah daerah, upayakan tetap berpegang pada prinsip dan etika profesi jurnalistik. 6). Wartawan mesti meningkatkan kapasitas dan kualitas produk jurnalistiknya, menaati kode etik wartawan, dan tidak membawa profesi ke ranah politik praktis. 7). Melaporkan kepala daerah atau pihak-pihak yang berupaya mengintimidasi media dan wartawan dalam menjalankan profesinya, ke Komisi Informasi Publik (KIP), polisi dan ombusman pada level pemerintahan tertentu.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci</strong><strong>:</strong> Pers Lokal, Problematika, Kontestasi Pemilukada.</p>

scholarly journals Communicative Strategies of an Interviewer Yury Dud: A Linguist’s View of the Media Phenomenon in Mass Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 263-277
Author(s):  
O. S. Issers
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Mass Audience ◽  
Social Communications ◽  
Communicative Strategies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Show Business ◽  
The Media ◽  
Modern Mass

Purpose. The article examines the methods of building dialogue in interviews conducted by the popular video blogger and journalist Yury Dud, who is named the main hero of Russian cultural life in 2020 by Forbes Life. To determine his individual style, the author analyzes strategies of communicative behavior. The following parameters are the most significant for the description of interviewing strategies: thematic repertoire and thematic dominants of the conversation; methods of requesting/extracting information; methods of interpreting and evaluating what the interlocutor said; the choice of language code. The empirical basis of the study contains interviews by Yu. Dud with various interlocutors – journalists, TV presenters, cultural and show business figures, politicians, and other public figures, uploaded on the YouTube video hosting service in the period of 2017–2020. The analysis of more than 40 programs allows observing a wide range of techniques of a journalist, depending on the “addressee factor”.Results. The key topics that are regularly discussed in interviews are identified, including those that violate ethical taboos (about sex, bad behavior, and bad habits, judgments and hot takes on colleagues and senior officials, etc.). The thematic repertoire is considered as a deliberate communicative choice of a journalist, conditioned by the dramaturgy of public dialogue addressed to a mass audience and the tasks of portrayal.The author reveals the distinctive methods of requesting information and eliciting facts, which is inherent to the journalistic style of Yu. Dud: illocutionary forcing reasoning (“why-questions”), clarifying questions, reformulating, role modeling of relations with a guest, where the journalist often pretends being dilettante. Interpretation and evaluation of the interlocutor's statements are based on the clearest identification of their position for the mass addressee by an explication of ideas expressed by the guest implicitly, “delegation of opinion”, and the effects of “insight”.The choice of the language code indicates the “discursive adaptation” of the journalist to his interlocutor and allows the journalist to reveal to the mass audience their personality, including their speech characteristics. The dynamism of the dialogue is due to the setting to dramatize the conversation scenario: this is manifested not only in the choice of somewhat unexpected topics of conversation, but also in the expression of one's attitude to the statements of the interlocutor, explicit/implicit assessments, and the choice of the speech code.Conclusion. It is concluded that Dud’s interviews are a vivid example of the trends of modern Internet journalism, and the communicative strategies he implements allow us to see the prospects for the development of the genre. Given the popularity of the genre in traditional and new media, the author notices that the interview not only reflects the features of social communications of the 21st century but is also a powerful factor of shaping modern mass culture.

scholarly journals PERCEPTION OF UKRAINIAN FORENSIC EXPERTISE IN THE MASS MEDIA AT THE STAGE OF ITS FORMATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 883-892
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Forensic Expertise ◽  
The Press ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Forensic Expert

The article deals with a brief historical excursion on the formation and development of forensic activity in Ukraine. In particular, the coverage of forensic expert activities in the press, starting with the establishment of the Cabinet of Scientific and Forensic Expertise at the Prosecutor’s Chamber of Justice of Kyiv in the years 1914-1915. The article based on archival materials, namely, newspapers and other constituent documents of the Cabinet of Scientific and Forensic Expertise, analyzes the public perception of the emergence of forensic science, its capabilities, and describes the main stages of forensic science. It was noted that the press of that time described the importance and significance of the appearance of a forensic examination, indicated the main types of research conducted, explained the features of the work of forensic experts. Also in the articles of newspapers and magazines of that time revealed the transformations that took place in expert institutions, the increase in the number of expert studies conducted, the increase in the number of forensic areas in which expertise was carried out, and were highlighted the increase in requirements for the qualifications of experts related to the challenges of time. The article also indicates that at crucial points in the history of Ukraine the development of forensic science and the expertise continued, moreover, the activities of experts became more active, especially during the Ukrainian People’s Republic as well as after the events of 1917. However, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, the press of that time very rarely wrote about forensic activities, very often were only comments on the theory and practice of criminalistics. Key words: forensic expert activity, forensic expert, mass media, Cabinets of forensic expertise.

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