scholarly journals Modularity in FOLIO: principles, techniques and tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Mike Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Modular Design ◽  
Data Consistency ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Technical Design ◽  
Library System ◽  
Library Community ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Cross Module ◽  
Do So

From its earliest inception, FOLIO was conceived not as an ILS (Integrated Library System), but as a true Services Platform, composed of many independent but interdependent modules, and forming a foundation on which an ILS or other library software could be built out of relevant modules. This vision of modularity is crucial to FOLIO’s appeal to the library community, because it lowers the bar to participation: individual libraries may create modules that meet their needs, or hire developers to do so, or contribute to funding modules that will be of use to a broader community — all without needing “permission” from a central authority. The technical design of FOLIO is deeply influenced by the requirements of modularity, with the establishment of standard specifications and an emphasis on machine-readable API descriptions. While FOLIO’s modular design has proved advantageous, it also introduces difficulties, including cross-module searching and data consistency. Some conventions have been established to address these difficulties, and others are in the process of crystallizing. As the ILS built on FOLIO’s platform grows and matures, and as other application suites are built on it, it remains crucial to resist the shortcuts that monolithic systems can benefit from, and retain the vision of modularity that has so successfully brought FOLIO this far.

scholarly journals From MARC 21 - to BIBFRAME model: The evolution of the machine-readable formats of the U. S. Library of Congress

2018 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Tamara Bakhturina
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Library Community ◽  
Implementation Program ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Abstraction Levels ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Model Structures

The BIBFRAME model is introduced; its origins are discussed. The author explains why Russian cataloguers have become interested in this LOC’ project. The developers argue that BIBFRAME is to initiate bibliographic standards transformation into the associated data model of a higher level and will make bibliographic information more useful for within and outside of bibliographic community. The structure comprises the model (structures information on three main abstraction levels: work, expression, item), glossary, and tools. The differences between BIBFRAME and MARC are revealed. BIBFRAME development stages, step-to-step implementation program are characterized. BIBFRAME and RDA tools are compared. Expert opinions on BIBFRAME concept and the prospects of its implementation in the global library practice are reviewed. The author emphasizes that BIBFRAME makes a formal access point for the library community to enter the larger data network where links between objects are of primary importance. The author also discusses terminology problems. She also voices her hope that we will not have to catch up with the international library community and will be represented on the Semantic Web, too.

scholarly journals Individual resource games and resource redistributions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1062
Author(s):  
Nicolas Troquard
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Linear Logic ◽  
Decision Problems ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Divorce Law ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Rational Construction ◽  
Do So

Abstract To introduce agent-based technologies in real-world systems, one needs to acknowledge that the agents often have limited access to resources. They have to seek after resource objectives and compete for those resources. We introduce a class of resource games where resources and preferences are specified with the language of a resource-sensitive logic. The agents are endowed with a bag of resources and try to achieve a resource objective. For each agent, an action consists in making available a part of their endowed resources. All the resources made available can be used towards the agents’ objectives. We study three decision problems, the first of which is deciding whether an action profile is a Nash equilibrium: when all the agents have chosen an action, it is a Nash Equilibrium if no agent has an incentive to change their action unilaterally. When dealing with resources, interesting questions arise as to whether some equilibria can be eliminated or constructed by a central authority by redistributing the available resources among the agents. In our economies, division of property in divorce law exemplifies how a central authority can redistribute the resources of individuals and why they would desire to do so. We thus study two related decision problems: (i) rational elimination: given an action profile’s outcome, can the endowed resources be redistributed so that it is not the outcome of a Nash equilibrium? (ii) Rational construction: given an action profile’s outcome, can the endowed resources be redistributed so that it is the outcome of a Nash equilibrium? Among other results, we prove that all three problems are $\mathsf{PSPACE}$-complete when the resources are described in the very expressive language of the propositional multiplicative and additive linear logic. We also identify a new modest fragment of linear logic that we call MULT, suitable to represent multisets and reason about the inclusion and equality of bags of resources. We show that when the resources are described in MULT, the problem of deciding whether a profile is a Nash equilibrium is in $\textsf{PTIME}$.

scholarly journals Dashboard stories: How narratives told by predictive analytics reconfigure roles, risk and sociality in education

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205395172110255
Author(s):  
Juliane Jarke ◽  
Felicitas Macgilchrist
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Learning Support ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Do So ◽  
Structural Inequalities

In this paper, we explore how the development and affordances of predictive analytics may impact how teachers and other educational actors think about and teach students and, more broadly, how society understands education. Our particular focus is on the data dashboards of learning support systems which are based on Machine Learning (ML). While previous research has focused on how these systems produce credible knowledge, we explore here how they also produce compelling, persuasive and convincing narratives. Our main argument is that particular kinds of stories are written by predictive analytics and written into their data dashboards. Based on a case study of a leading predictive analytics system, we explore how data dashboards imply causality between the ‘facts’ they are visualising. To do so, we analyse the stories they tell according to their spatial and temporal dimensions, characters and events, sequentiality as well as tellability. In the stories we identify, teachers are managers, students are at greater or lesser risk, and students’ sociality is reduced to machine-readable interactions. Overall, only data marked as individual behaviours becomes relevant to the system, rendering structural inequalities invisible. Reflecting on the implications of these systems, we suggest ways in which the uptake of these systems can interrupt such stories and reshape them in other directions.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the demand for the union Internet-catalog of books and periodicals in the collections of the RAS LNS Centralized Library System

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
S. A. Vlasova ◽  
N. E. Kalenov
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Search Interface ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Library System ◽  
Advanced Search ◽  
Subject Headings ◽  
Do So

The organization principles and retrieval functionalities of RAS LNS Centralized Library System union Internet-catalog of books and periodicals are examined. The catalog embraces every publication centrally acquired into the collections of over 50 RAS research institutions within RAS LNS Centralized Library System. The catalog entries are generated within “Bibliobus” integrated library system designed by RAS LNS professionals. Unlike other Internet-catalogs oriented toward the search logic of the traditional catalogs, the RAS LNS catalog enables to process practically unlimited range of queries embracing any elements of bibliographic entries and subject headings linked with Boolean operators “AND”, “OR”, “AND NOT”. Adding complexity of the search interface was chosen to minimize noise. To define whether the clients use the advanced search functionality and how often they do so, the analysis of demand was accomplished. The comparative qualitative and quantitative analysis data characterizes the demand for two periods: the first after 9 months of operation started in the mid-2016; the second – in 2018 for the following 18 months of operation. Main use indicators are compared and their dynamics is discussed.

scholarly journals FAIR Data Reuse – the Path through Data Citation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Groth ◽  
Helena Cousijn ◽  
Tim Clark ◽  
Carole Goble
Keyword(s):  
Data Reuse ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Citation ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
Guiding Principles ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Existing Data ◽  
Do So

One of the key goals of the FAIR guiding principles is defined by its final principle – to optimize data sets for reuse by both humans and machines. To do so, data providers need to implement and support consistent machine readable metadata to describe their data sets. This can seem like a daunting task for data providers, whether it is determining what level of detail should be provided in the provenance metadata or figuring out what common shared vocabularies should be used. Additionally, for existing data sets it is often unclear what steps should be taken to enable maximal, appropriate reuse. Data citation already plays an important role in making data findable and accessible, providing persistent and unique identifiers plus metadata on over 16 million data sets. In this paper, we discuss how data citation and its underlying infrastructures, in particular associated metadata, provide an important pathway for enabling FAIR data reuse.

scholarly journals Referências sobre desenho: um estudo das obras que fundamentam o ensino da expressão gráfica na UFPR References about drawing: a study of works underlying the graphical expression education in UFPR

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Vaz ◽  
Rossano Silva
Keyword(s):  
Technical Design ◽  
Library System

ResumoEste artigo trata do estudo sobre as obras e autores de referência das disciplinas básicas de expressão gráfica da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Teoricamente, trazemos principalmente as contribuições de Bourdieu (1998 e 2001) e Chervel (1990). O recorte temporal engloba o período de vigência do Departamento de Desenho, baseando-se nas ementas criadas entre 1981 a 2008. As fontes utilizadas são às ementas e o levantamento da literatura existente na área de expressão gráfica no Sistema de Bibliotecas. O objetivo principal é verificar as mudanças e permanências dos autores e obras que fundamentam as disciplinas básicas. Constata-se que o sistema de pensamento modificou seu enfoque, a partir de 2001, a ênfase está nas publicações de desenho técnico e não mais nas de desenho geométrico e geometria descritiva.AbstractThis article presents the study of reference works and authors of Federal University of Paraná graphical expression basic disciplines. Theoretically, we bring P. Bourdieu's and A. Chervel’s contributions. The period studied covers the Department of Design existence timeframe, based on course programs created from 1981 to 2008. The sources used are the course programs and review of the existing literature in the graphical expression area in the library system (SiBi). The main objective is to verify the changes and continuities of authors and works that support the basic disciplines. Methodologically, course programs analysis was performed and compared with the books in the SiBi.  It was possible to verify that the system of thought has changed its focus from 2001, and the emphasis is on the technical design publications. 

The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Reports: Germany and Austria's Migration Project ‘Moving to MARC 21’

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Veronika Leibrecht
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Local Fields ◽  
Library Community ◽  
Exchange Format ◽  
International Data ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Professional Information ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
German Data

With the aim of improving international bibliographic interoperability, in 2004 Germany and Austria initiated a migration from the German data exchange format Maschinelles Austauschformat für Bibliotheken (MAB2) to the Anglo-American format MARC 21. The article outlines the main elements of the project ‘Moving to MARC 21’: a mapping of the data exchange formats MAB2 and MARC 21 to one another to ascertain gaps between the formats, the design of an editorial support system for the translation of MARC 21, and professional information sessions introducing the new format to the library community. Elements from MAB2 considered to be indispensable for exchange were either introduced to the format through Machine-Readable Bibliographic Information committee (MARBI) proposals or where they would not need Germany-wide application, defined in local fields. The project came to completion in June 2009 and has laid the foundation for international data exchange by assimilating processes and eliminating the need for intensive conversion work in Germany and Austria. An incidental but significant aspect of the project was the productive combined efforts of German and Austrian professionals and their Anglo-American partners in successfully overcoming differences in language and bibliographic transport and processing traditions through cooperative problem-solving.

scholarly journals Utah-Stanford Ventilator (Vent4US): Developing a rapidly scalable ventilator for COVID-19 patients with ARDS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongquan Li ◽  
Ethan Li ◽  
Deepak Krishnamurthy ◽  
Patrick Kolbay ◽  
Beca Chacin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Test Lung ◽  
Current Implementation ◽  
Pinch Valve ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Design Documents ◽  
Do So

AbstractWe describe a minimum, rapidly scalable ventilator designed for COVID-19 patients with ARDS. Our design philosophy is not only to try to address potential ventilator shortages, but also to account for uncertainties in the supply chains of parts commonly used in traditional ventilators. To do so we employ a modular design approach and broadly explore taking advantage of parts from non-traditional supply chains. In our current prototype, we demonstrate volume control with assist control on a test lung and present a linear actuator-driven pinch valve-based implementation for both pressure control and volume control with decelerating inspiratory flow. We estimate the component cost of the system to be around $500. We publish our draft design documents and current implementation which is open and accessible in the hope that broadening the community globally will accelerate arriving at a solution and that peer review will improve the final design.

Holding replication studies to mainstream standards of evidence

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duane T. Wegener ◽  
Leandre R. Fabrigar
Keyword(s):  
Replication Studies ◽  
Replication Research ◽  
Standards Of Evidence ◽  
Do So

AbstractReplications can make theoretical contributions, but are unlikely to do so if their findings are open to multiple interpretations (especially violations of psychometric invariance). Thus, just as studies demonstrating novel effects are often expected to empirically evaluate competing explanations, replications should be held to similar standards. Unfortunately, this is rarely done, thereby undermining the value of replication research.

Electron Microscopy of a Herpesvirus Isolated from Marek's Disease in Duck and Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Cultures

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 222-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyvan Nazerian
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Chicken Embryo Fibroblast ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Duck Embryo Fibroblast ◽  
Multinucleated Cells ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
And Control ◽  
Do So

A herpes-like virus has been isolated from duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) cultures inoculated with blood from Marek's disease (MD) infected birds. Cultures which contained this virus produced MD in susceptible chickens while virus negative cultures and control cultures failed to do so. This and other circumstantial evidence including similarities in properties of the virus and the MD agent implicate this virus in the etiology of MD.Histochemical studies demonstrated the presence of DNA-staining intranuclear inclusion bodies in polykarocytes in infected cultures. Distinct nucleo-plasmic aggregates were also seen in sections of similar multinucleated cells examined with the electron microscope. These aggregates are probably the same as the inclusion bodies seen with the light microscope. Naked viral particles were observed in the nucleus of infected cells within or on the edges of the nucleoplasmic aggregates. These particles measured 95-100mμ, in diameter and rarely escaped into the cytoplasm or nuclear vesicles by budding through the nuclear membrane (Fig. 1). The enveloped particles (Fig. 2) formed in this manner measured 150-170mμ in diameter and always had a densely stained nucleoid. The virus in supernatant fluids consisted of naked capsids with 162 hollow, cylindrical capsomeres (Fig. 3). Enveloped particles were not seen in such preparations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document