scholarly journals Child Poverty in a Regional Perspective: A Study of Sweden 1990 and 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 123-141
Author(s):  
Daniel Rauhut ◽  
Svante Lingärde
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
National Level ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Industrial Regions ◽  
Regional Perspective

When the issue of welfare is addressed in Sweden analysis is usually focused on the national level, in a smaller number of cases on the local level, but rarely on the regional level. Studies on poverty are no exception. The aim of this paper is to analyse child poverty in Sweden, from a regional perspective, in 1990 and 2010. A multivariate cross-section OLS regression model is used to estimate regional factors causing child poverty. Regional macro data is used. The findings indicate that old industrial regions experience greater child poverty. The statistical analysis shows that when the share of foreign-born individuals increases in the regional population, so does the regional share of children living on social assistance. Higher incomes lower the regional share of children living on social assistance.

scholarly journals Cooperation in the climate change mitigation in forestry and nature protection at different levels of governance

2017 ◽  
pp. 99-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Nonic ◽  
Mirjana Stanisic ◽  
Jelena Nedeljkovic ◽  
Nenad Rankovic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Financial Cooperation ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Change Mitigation

Climate change mitigation is the responsibility of many institutions and organizations in Serbia at different levels of governance, and therefore, it is necessary for them to cooperate with each other and with other stakeholders. The aim of the paper is to determine the existence of cooperation in climate change mitigation in forestry and nature protection at different levels of governance in Serbia. Primary data were collected in the period November 2016 - March 2017. Thirty-four interviews were conducted with representatives of institutions and organizations in forestry and nature protection at the national, regional and local level of governance, dealing with issues related to climate change mitigation. Three questionnaires were used (for each level separately), composed of five question groups. Various forms of cooperation have been established at different levels of governance, through exchange of information and education, machinery and equipment exchange, financial cooperation, etc. However, there is no systemically organized reporting process between institutions on climate change issues at the national level, nor at the regional level. At the local level, there is a partially established system of cooperation between the national level and local self-government, but it is not exclusively related to the issue of climate change mitigation.

Advocacy for neurology: Local, regional, and national

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-152
Author(s):  
Apoorva Pauranik
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Spatial Axis ◽  
Different Levels

The spectrum of advocacy for neurology is very wide. This chapter aims to describe and analyse advocacy on the geographical or spatial axis—that is, advocacy at the local level (micro), regional level (meso), and national level (macro). These distinctions may appear arbitrary with hazy boundaries and many overlaps. Yet they serve a tangible purpose for the sake of our understanding. The first two main sections dwell upon (i) education and awareness at different levels and (ii) engagement with various institutions of government. The later three briefer sections cover (iii) role of patient support groups; (iv) roping in of charities, non-government organizations (NGOs), and celebrities; and finally (v) advocacy within our own professional associations. This chapter will cite examples of a wide variety of advocacy actions plans for neurology, so that more action plans can be conceived and executed at various levels. Another chapter of this book deals with advocacy at the international level (Chapter 14, ‘Advocacy in the international arena’). This chapter concludes with an emphasis on role of humanities as an aid in advocacy efforts, the need for a balance between vertical and horizontal approaches to healthcare, and the importance of research into efficacy of advocacy.

scholarly journals Organising regions: spatial planning and territorial governance practices in two Swedish regions

Europa XXI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Smas ◽  
Johannes Lidmo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Policy Fields ◽  
The Eu

In some European countries, sub-national regions are important geographical arenas for spatial planning. However, in Sweden, statutory regional planning is rather limited and the regional level is often described as having a weak position in the spatial planning system. In this article, we investigate territorial governance practices in two Swedish regions, with a focus on their interaction with the EU and the national level, and with the local level, as well as how these regions function as organisations and arenas for coordination of different policy fields. The study is based on semi-structured expert interviews and document analysis. The results show that spatial planning is practised both through statutory planning and soft planning approaches, and that these practices in different ways coordinate sectoral policies i.e. transport infrastructure and regional development. Both cases also illustrate difficulties not only of external coordination between different institutions and policy fields but also internally within organisations. It is also highlighted that spatial planning at the regional level focuses on coordinating actors and policy fields but that spatial planning is also an instrument to implement regional policies. In conclusion, it is argued that the organisation and territorial governance practices within a given institutional arrangement and the perception of spatial planning are crucial in determining how regions might function as multi-level coordination actors and policy arenas within spatial planning.

scholarly journals Industrial specialization – the most important factor for sustainable development and the region economic security

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 08012
Author(s):  
Natalya Novikova ◽  
Elena Strogonova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
National Level ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Industrial Specialization ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
First Results ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Industrial Regions

In article the authors argue that the industrial future is the most important factor in ensuring sustainable development of a traditional industrial region. The conclusions are based on the study of the first results of socio-economic development in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, a prominent representative of traditionally industrial regions - the Sverdlovsk region. The authors base their own research on the conceptual guidelines of the scientific paradigm of sustainable development. Operative statistical data on the Sverdlovsk region are presented. In the study the conclusions were reached about the immediate prospects for the development of the Sverdlovsk region economy in the context of a new coronavirus infection. The processes that are an approximate scenario for the development of events at the regional level were identified. The importance of maintaining industrial specialization in the new realities of the economy as an important factor in sustainable development not only at the national level, but also at the regional level was revealed.

Accelerated Transmission Development For Accelerated Power Development

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Sher Singh Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Load Shedding ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Commercial Sector ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Operator

Due to our lack of vision, planning and other mistakes, Nepal is in a very serious situation of load shedding. The nation is about 200 MW deficit of power supply. Hydropower development is an endeavor related with several sectors. It cannot be taken as only a commercial sector considering that businessmen will make all necessary things when there is a demand. In the past, the transmission sector has not been given due importance. Because of the complex nature of Transmission, there should only be one transmission operator in the country. Based on the periodic basin-wise generation plan of the nation, we should prepare an accelerated Development Plan. The Basin Plan should indicate how and where local level, regional level and national level hydro plants will be connected to the grid, and the sequence of developing the basin transmission network.Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 4, January, 2009 Page 8-10

Impact of expenditure on social assistance on household income at the regional level in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-31
Author(s):  
Alina Jędrzejczak ◽  
Jan Kubacki
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
National Level ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Project Environment ◽  
R Project ◽  
The Impact

The main aim of the paper is a statistical analysis of changes in household income distribution at the regional level in Poland taking into account the impact of government spending on social assistance. Various linear models (incorporating relations for spline functions) and the vector autoregression models (VAR) were used in the research. The linear models formulated for voivodships (NUTS 2) contained a dichotomous variable with values dependent on the existence of social programmes introduced by the Polish government in 2016. An independent variable representing expenditure per capita on social assistance specified for the national level was also used. The results for these models were compared with the findings of both microsimulation studies obtained on the basis of the Household Budget Surveys (HBS) and the total assessment of the social programmes, and they indicate a significant influence of social assistance expenditure on the amounts of available income. The calculations were conducted using data from the Statistics Poland databases: Local Data Bank (and in particular, data from the Polish HBS for the years 2000–2018) and from the Macroeconomic Data Bank, and from the annual reports on the implementation of the state budget. They were performed by means of the R-project environment and R-commander overlay, using the lm function as well as the vars module for the R-project environment. The study also involved using the Gretl package.

scholarly journals The Influence of Locality on Migration: a Comparative Study of Britain and Sweden in the Nineteenth Century

2013 ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin G. Pooley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Migration Data ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Patterns And Processes

This paper uses migration data for Britain and Sweden to critically examine the contention that locality or place influenced migration patterns and processes in the nineteenth century. Despite their very different geographies patterns of migration in Britain and Sweden in the nineteenth century were remarkably similar. Any differences can be accounted for by limitations in the available data. It is argued that at the national level geography had little impact on migration, but that at the local level most people in both countries were tied closely to particular localities. However, it is suggested that this is not primarily due to the specific characteristics of a place but, rather, can be attributed to the ties to family, friends and community which, while being situated in a place, are not produced by it. Finally, it is suggested that further comparative studies of demographic processes can aid the interpretation of local and regional population studies.

Convergence of regional population density in Russia over 120 years

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-158
Author(s):  
K. A. Kholodilin ◽  
Y. I. Yanzhimaeva
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Capital City ◽  
County Level ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Regional Population Density

A relative uniformity of population distribution on the territory of the country is of importance from socio-economic and strategic perspectives. It is especially important in the case of Russia with its densely populated West and underpopulated East. This paper considers changes in population density in Russian regions, which occurred between 1897 and 2017. It explores whether there was convergence in population density and what factors influenced it. For this purpose, it uses the data both at county and regional levels, which are brought to common borders for comparability purposes. Further, the models of unconditional and conditional β-convergence are estimated, taking into account the spatial dependence. The paper concludes that the population density equalization took place in 1897-2017 at the county level and in 1926—1970 at the regional level. In addition, the population density increase is shown to be influenced not only by spatial effects, but also by political and geographical factors such as climate, number of GULAG camps, and the distance from the capital city.

scholarly journals Local-Level Democratic Backsliding? The Consolidation of Aspiring Dominant-Party Regimes in Hungary and Poland

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Conor O'Dwyer ◽  
Matthew Stenberg
Keyword(s):  
Local Politics ◽  
Electoral Systems ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Dominant Party ◽  
Mayoral Elections ◽  
Political Reforms ◽  
Strategic Coordination ◽  
The Future ◽  
Two Factors

Abstract Aspiring dominant-party regimes often institute major institutional and political reforms at the national level to ensure they retain control. However, subnational politics is an important, under-studied, component of regime consolidation. This study uses mayoral races in Hungary and Poland from 2006 to 2018 to examine two factors that may inhibit dominant-party regime consolidation in local politics: the use of two-round, i.e. runoff, electoral systems and strategic coordination among opposition parties. While we find little evidence that strategic coordination can lead to widespread opposition success in single-round systems, we do find that increasing the number of candidates decreases the likelihood of the nationally dominant party winning in the first round while not affecting the second round. As such, two-round mayoral elections may be an important buffer to dominant-party regime consolidation and may provide a training ground for the future opposition.

Reducing the Impact of Unemployment through Work-Sharing: Some Industrial Relations Considerations

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah M. Meltz ◽  
Frank Reid
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
National Level ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Work Sharing ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

The Canadian Government has introduced a work-sharing program in which lay offs are avoided by reducing the work week and using unemployment insurance funds to pay workers short-time compensation. Compared to the lay-off alternative, there appear to be economic benefits to work-sharing for both management and employees. Reaction to the scheme has been generally positive at the union local level and the firm level, but it has been negative at the national level of both labour and management. These divergent views can be explained mainly as a result of short-run versus long-run perspectives. Managers at the firm level see the immediate benefit of improved labour relations and the avoidance of the costs of hiring and training replacements for laid-off workers who do not respond when recalled. The national business leaders are more concerned with work incentive and efficiency aspects of work-sharing.

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