Calculation of Technical Characteristics of the Technical Fleet Vessels Involved in Ensuring Safety of the Offshore Facilities of Oil and Gas Complex

Author(s):  
S.V. Matsenko ◽  
◽  
V.M. Minko ◽  
A.A. Koshelev ◽  
V.Yu. Piven ◽  
...  

Violation of industrial safety rules during the operation of offshore facilities for the production, storage and transportation of the hydrocarbon raw materials leads in the most cases to pollution of the marine environment with oil and its components. The works on localization and elimination of such pollution are carried out with the help of vessels of the technical support fleet and booms. When developing oil spill response plans at such facilities, a calculated determination of the technical characteristics of vessels and booms is required that are sufficient to carry out the planned activities. The basic design principles for determining the towing capacity of the technical fleet vessels involved in the localization and elimination of oil and oil product spills by trawling methods are given in the article. The calculation is based on theoretical studies performed by the authors of the physical processes occurring during the movement of objects of a mobile trawling order in the sea area. The results obtained during the course of theoretical studies were confirmed by the experimental studies carried out by the authors personally using the real pieces of equipment in the actual development of tasks for training spill containment by trawling. As a result, the empirical dependencies were obtained and experimentally confirmed, which can be used to calculate technical characteristics of the ships as part of the mobile orders and anchor systems as part of stationary orders intended for the localization and elimination of oil pollution. These results can be used, among other things, for the calculated substantiation of the technical characteristics of the technical fleet vessels designed to ensure safety of the offshore facilities for production, storage, and transportation of the hydrocarbon raw materials.

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
P. Bernard Ryan ◽  
Derek J. S.

ABSTRACT The ROPME sea area as defined in this paper is the scene of some of the world's most intensive offshore oil exploration and production and the associated crude oil refining and tanker terminaling for oil exportation. The potential for oil pollution in the area is high, with its confined nature making it especially vulnerable to the effects of oil pollution. Awareness of this problem is well developed in the region in both government and industry, and good progress has been made in recent years toward preparing for the big oil spill which has so far not materialized, but which most experts consider inevitable at some time. Two distinct groups share the concern for oil pollution. The oil industry has well over 40 companies active in the area in some way. Many of these have a 15 year history of cooperation in oil spill response and continue to play a full role in protecting the environment from the adverse effects of oil pollution. More recently, nations bordering the area have taken an active interest in the problem and have demonstrated an impressive record of commitment and action over the past five or six years. While government and industry have maintained their separate identities, a good working relationship exists between them, and there is good information exchange and practical cooperation between the two groups, most especially at the national level. Future years should see this trend develop even further. A very impressive arsenal of oil pollution response equipment has been built up in the sea area since two major oil spill incidents in 1980. What is especially noticeable now is the proportion of this equipment that is owned and operated directly by the government agencies. This stands in marked contrast to the situation in 1980. In addition to the equipment resources available, the pool of personnel trained in oil spill response technology and methods is rapidly expanding as a result of seminars, workshops, and training courses that are being organized on a regular basis. The development of national and regional legislation to control the main sources of man-made pollution, for example, from tanker operations and offshore exploration and production, is in a very active stage and the oil industry is expected to have clear operational guidelines within the next few years.


Author(s):  
И.А. Керимов ◽  
Т.Б. Эзирбаев ◽  
А.С. Эльжаев

Выделение коллекторов нефти и газа и определение эффективных мощностей является важнейшим этапом при подсчете запасов нефти и газа. От результатов, полученных на данном этапе, напрямую зависит экономическая целесообразность ввода в эксплуатацию интервала, обладающего, признаками коллектора, фильтрационными характеристиками. Пределам таких характеристик коллекторов соответствуют кондиционные граничные значения, эти значения являются условными и могут меняться, исходя из технического уровня разработки месторождений нефти или газа на момент проведения исследований. В современных условиях быстрого развития совершенных методов разработки и изменением экономических запросов кондиционные граничные значения изменяются довольно в широких пределах. Альб-аптские отложения Терско-Сунженской нефтегазоносной области (ТСНО) относятся к сложным типам порово-трещинного коллекторов, и представлены породами песчано-алеврито-глинистых компонент. Экспериментальные исследования, проведенные на образцах кернов, взятых из терригенных отложений ТСНО позволили установить основные особенности этих отложений, обосновать основные петрофизические зависимости и определить их коллекторские свойства. В разрезе альб-аптских отложений Терско-Сунженской нефтегазоносной области в 1960-70-х гг. по известным методикам были выделены пласты-коллекторы и определены эффективные мощности. В 20092012 гг. была проведена переинтерпретация фондовых материалов результатов данных ГИС и лабораторного анализа кернов из ряда скважин основных пробуренных на нижнемеловые отложения ТСНО и предложена более совершенная методика обработки и интерпретации данных ГИС терригенных пород. В данной работе рассмотрены ранее применявшаяся методика и пример интеграции методики выделения коллекторов на основе технологии обработки и интерпретации данных ГИС ТАВС в нижнемеловых терригенных отложениях ТСНО. Важной особенностью методики комплексной интерпретации, реализованной в технологии ESKS автоматизированной системы обработки и интерпретации данных геофизических исследований скважин Gintel, является определение широкого спектра петрофизических параметров, характеризующих литологическую и флюидальную неоднородность изучаемых отложений. Это позволяет более обосновано решать задачи разведки и разработки месторождений. Методика интерпретации данных ГИС ТАВС обеспечивает определение набора геологических характеристик пород, используя которые можно определить геологическую неоднородность изучаемой толщи пород, построить детальную трехмерную геологическую модель всех продуктивных пластов в разрезе и определить их подсчетные параметры. Детальность определения геологических характеристик пород напрямую зависит от комплекса данных каротажа, зарегистрированных в скважинах. Однако особенностью методики ТАВС является то, что в ней используются системы петрофизических моделей и алгоритмические приемы обработки, которые позволяют получить максимум геологической информации об изучаемых породах даже при ограниченном комплексе данных ГИС The selection of oil and gas reservoirs and the determination of effective capacities is a critical step in calculating oil and gas reserves. From the results obtained at this stage, the economic feasibility of putting into operation an interval having, with the signs of a collector, filtration characteristics, directly depends. The limits of such reservoir characteristics correspond to conditional boundary values, these values are conditional and may vary based on the technical level of development of oil or gas fields at the time of the study. In modern conditions of rapid development of perfect development methods and changing economic demands, conditional boundary values vary quite widely. Alb-Aptian oil deposits of the Tersko-Sunzhensky oil and gas region (TSOGR) are complex types of pore-fracture reservoirs and are represented by rocks of sandy-silty-clay components. Experimental studies conducted on core samples taken from terrigenous sediments of TSOGR allowed us to establish the main features of these deposits, substantiate the main petrophysical dependencies and determine their reservoir properties. In the context of the Alb-Aptian sediments of the Tersko-Sunzhenskoye oil and gas region, by known methods, reservoirs were identified and effective thicknesses determined. In 2009-2012 reinterpretation of the stock materials of the results of well logging data and laboratory analysis of cores from a number of wells of the main fields drilled on the Lower Cretaceous deposits of TCHW was carried out and a better method for processing and interpretation of well log data of terrigenous rocks was proposed. An important feature of the integrated interpretation methodology implemented in ESKS technology of the Gintel automated geophysical data processing and interpretation system is the determination of a wide range of petrophysical parameters characterizing the lithological and fluid heterogeneity of the researched deposits. This allows us to more reasonably solve the problems of exploration and development of deposits. The technique of interpreting the GIS TABC data provides the determination of geological characteristics set for rocks, using which it is possible to determine the geological heterogeneity of the researched rock stratum, to develop a detailed three-dimensional geological model of all productive formations in a section and determine their estimated parameters. The detail of determining the geological characteristics of the rocks directly depends on the complex of logging data recorded in the wells. However, a feature of the TABC technique is that it uses systems of petrophysical models and algorithmic processing techniques that allow one to get the maximum geological information about the researched rocks even with a limited set of GIS data


2022 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
MARYNA LESHCHYSHYN ◽  
OLGA IUNGIN

Purpose: To conduct experimental studies of embedded hygienic installed insoles with tableted plant inserts in footwearMethodology. The properties of embedded hygienic insoles have been studied for vapor permeability and moisture content according to the methods of GOST 22900-78. The solid inserts were ground and extracted with distilled water for a week to obtain aqueous extracts for microbiological studies. Determination of antimicrobial activity was performed using a culture of S.aureus ATCC 25923 in microtiter 96-well plates in liquid nutrient medium NB spectrophotometrically by optical density (Hipo MPP-96, Biosan, λ = 620 nm, control medium – by the location of a non-sterile sample with (30 × 30 mm) on the surface of sterile NA medium.Findings. To improve the hygienic characteristics of the inner space of the shoe, the research presents embedded hygienic products with solid inserts in the form of tablets from the plant raw materials of medicinal thyme and sage. The technological characteristics of tableted inserts from vegetable raw materials are given. The results of vapor permeability and moisture content in the studied samples are obtained, which correspond to the normative values according to GOST 940-81 and are safe for human feet.Originality. Determination of indicators of vapor permeability and moisture content of embedded hygienic installed insoles with tableted plant inserts and establishing their compliance with regulatory requirements. Determined the regularities of inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts of thyme on the growth of biomass of gram-negative bacteria in planktonic culture.Practical value. Another advantage of custom-made shoes is the ability to consider the customer's preferences regarding shoe care products during the operation. At the same time, an important task is to ensure the hygiene of the inner space of the shoe through the use of insoles containing elements obtained from medicinal plant materials.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1045 ◽  
pp. 203-211
Author(s):  
Valerii Makarenko ◽  
Svitlana Manhura ◽  
Maksym Kharchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Melnikov ◽  
Andrii Manhura

Analysis of literature sources, as well as practical data indicate that the existing scientific, technical and technological developments to ensure reliable corrosion-mechanical resistance and durability of oil and gas pipelines and other shell metal structures of critical use and subordinate to the State Service for Mining Supervision and Industrial Safety of Ukraine largely find contradictions and uncertainty; there are no quantitatively substantiated recommendations for practical application in order to ensure corrosion and mechanical resistance of pipelines operating in technologically aggressive environments under alternating temperature and barometric conditions and loads; there is a need for a systematic study of the causes, conditions and mechanisms of corrosion and mechanical damage of long-term equipment, which will significantly increase the operational reliability of industrial equipment. Experimental studies have established the causes and substantiated the mechanisms of metal softening with increasing service life (from 0 to 25 years) that leads to its degradation, especially during long-term operation in corrosive environments. A method for forecasting the residual working (accident-free) life of pipeline metal structures has been developed, which makes it possible to purposefully regulate their operational condition. This allows the timely use of technical, design and technological measures to improve the performance of such structures. Numerous and diverse results of experimental tests of metal samples for various purposes have been obtained, which provide an opportunity to create a base for comparative analysis of steels in many parameters of crack resistance, which will become a reliable basis for scientific and practical substantiation of the equivalent replacement of some steel grades with other grades, taking into account technological loads, corrosive environments and others.


Author(s):  
Adamchuk, V. ◽  
Kuzmenko, V. ◽  
Kuzmych, A. ◽  
Maksimenko, V.

Purpose. Identification of promising technologies for harvesting the non-cereal part of the corn and sunflower crops, which provide for the controlled collection of quality products in accordance with the needs. Methods. Analysis of common technological processes of harvesting straw and stem feed, the non-grain part of the corn and sunflower harvest, the synthesis of options for harvesting individual parts of the non-grain part of the corn and sunflower crop and evaluating them by the possible harvest, experimental determination of the full harvest for a particular process. Results. Synthesized and analyzed options for harvesting the non-cereal part of the corn and sunflower crops, which can be used in modern agricultural production. The analysis of the non-cereal part of the corn and sunflower harvest was carried out. The proportion of the non-cereal part of the corn and sunflower crops, which can be collected with various harvesting options, has been established. Experimental studies have been carried out of individual operations of collecting the non-grain part of the corn and sunflower crops. Conclusions. Harvesting the stem mass in a compacted form (rolls, bales) for energy needs is more appropriate than in loose form. Farms that grow corn and sunflower choose the technology of harvesting the non-cereal part of the crop, depending on the area of sowing of crops and needs in the stem mass. The investigated options for harvesting the non-cereal part of the crop provide a complete collection of the stem mass from 3.5 to 85.4%. The final choice of the option of harvesting raw materials is determined not only by the completeness of the collection of raw materials, but also by its technical and economic indicators. Keywords: non-cereal part of corn and sunflower harvest, technology of harvesting non-cereal part, solid biofuel.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 685396
Author(s):  
Will Jeffery ◽  
Claire Roberts ◽  
Zhelini Sivanesan

Abstract In recent decades, industrial activity in the marine environment has dramatically increased. Dense offshore infrastructure combined with an increase in shipping activity creates a complex blend of potential oil pollution and environmental risk. Over the last year, CGG Satellite Mapping, supported by the European Space Agency's business applications, Oil Spill Response Limited and key oil and gas companies, created and managed a SeaScope monitoring demonstration service. SeaScope confirms the presence or absence of slicks around infrastructure; reports on the integrity of operations based on slicks observed; identifies the potential origins of pollution slicks or permitted discharge; and has the ability to distinguish between pollution and natural seepage by using routine satellite monitoring. This paper describes how advances in Earth observation radar combined with AIS (Automatic Identification System), metocean data and experts trained in the interpretation of offshore satellite imagery, can be used to regularly monitor sea surface oil slicks and notify offshore operators of anomalous events within the vicinity of offshore infrastructure and high density shipping areas.


ScienceRise ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Omelchenko ◽  
Gregoriy Deynichenko ◽  
Vasyl Huzenko ◽  
Inna Zolotukhina ◽  
Dmytro Dmytrevskyi ◽  
...  

The object of research: the process of membrane concentration of buttermilk using methods of removing the polarizing layer on the membrane surface. Investigated problem: determination of the effectiveness of methods for eliminating the polarization layer on the membrane surface during membrane concentration of buttermilk. Main scientific results: The results of experimental studies on methods of removing the polarization layer to increase the productivity of ultrafiltration equipment in the process of membrane concentration of buttermilk are presented. Mathematical models are proposed based on the regression equation of a factorial experiment using the elimination of the polarization layer on the membrane to determine the rational operating parameters of the membrane concentration of buttermilk. These parameters were determined: pressure – 0.4 … 0.5 MPa, buttermilk temperature – 40 … 50 °С, speed of pulsating flows – 1.5 … 1.7 m/s, frequency of bubbling of raw materials – 0 , 10 … 0.15 min-1, bubbling pressure – 0.56 … 0.58 MPa. A comparative analysis of the application of the method of vibrational mixing and bubbling of separated non-fat dairy raw materials to eliminate the formation of a polarization layer on the surface of membranes in the process of membrane concentration is presented. Based on the obtained quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the ultrafiltration products, it can be seen that vibrational mixing and bubbling of the processed buttermilk equally intensify the process of membrane concentration of buttermilk. The area of practical use of the research results: enterprises of the dairy industry of the food industry, engaged in waste-free processing of dairy raw materials and its by-products. An innovative technological product: devices for reducing the polarization layer, allowing to increase the performance of membranes in the process of membrane concentration of buttermilk. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: waste-free processing of dairy raw materials at dairies and dairy plants and other food industry enterprises.


1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
P. B. Ryan ◽  
D. J. S. Brown

ABSTRACT Oil spill contingency planning is concerned with the organization of preplanned responses to anticipated oil pollution emergencies in defined geographical areas. A major factor that must be considered when drafting any contingency plan is the support that can be expected from a variety of sources in times of emergency. Oil spills vary in both their magnitude and complexity and so do the responses to such incidents. It follows, therefore, that there is a tiered structure of oil spill contingency planning and response and that there is a corresponding tiering of sources of support. This paper identifies the various tiers of oil spill planning and response and reviews the external support relevant to each tier. The discussion base of this paper relates particularly to the ROPME sea area as defined herein but many of the observations will apply to other regions of the world where similar situations may be encountered.


Author(s):  
Leonid Zamikhovskyi ◽  
Ivan Levitskyi ◽  
Mykola Nykolaychuk ◽  
Yuriy Striletskyi

The article deals with the actual problem of theoretical substantiation of the method of identification (diagnosis) of metal inclusions (hereinafter referred to as metal inclusions) in bulk raw materials under the conditions of a conveyor belt. The presence of metal inclusions in the raw material transported by the conveyor belt can lead to both emergencies and deterioration in the quality of the output product. The identification method provides for diagnosing the presence of metal inclusions, determining its dimensions, type of metal and coordinates relative to the cross-section of the conveyor belt. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of the method for identifying metal inclusions based on a scanning signal and an additional excitation coil are considered. A mathematical model has been developed for determining the position of metal inclusions on a conveyor belt relative to a line perpendicular to the axis between two excitation coils, including two trajectories for determining coordinates for three excitation coils and two receiving coils.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12032-12036

The purpose of the tests was to verify the theoretical studies performed, as well as to confirm the functionality of the developed multi-purpose machine with excavation and bulldozer equipment. Mounting on the basis of TTZ-80 working equipment allowed us to conduct experimental studies, with the determination of energy performance indicators during the most energy-intensive operation - digging and leveling the soil


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