scholarly journals BUDGETARY PARTICIPATION AND STRETCH TARGETS: PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS IN A STRETCH BUDGET CONDITION

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Ertambang Nahartyo
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Behavioral Problem ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Work Session ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Budgetary Participation ◽  
Stretch Targets ◽  
Justice Judgments

Budgeting carries behavioral problems that can have important effects on the effectiveness of an organization. Budgetary participation generally refers to the extent to which subordinates participate in preparing the budget and influence the budget goals. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether control (economic) components of procedural justice provide a significant contribution in explaining the relation between budgetary participation and budget commitment in a stretch budget condition.  College students perform a task involving basic budgeting decisions.  Their main job is to decode symbols as many as possible in a work session under different conditions. Manipulations of voice, choice, and budget type are randomly assigned to the participants. Two dependent variables, procedural justice judgments and budget commitment are measured. The results show that voice and choice combine to influence procedural justice judgments.  In a stretch budget condition, procedural justice has a mediating effect in the relations between voice and choice and budget commitment.  Moreover, the study finds that in the stretch budget condition, voice and choice have negative relations with budget commitment, suggesting that budgetary participation creates a behavioral problem.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Emotional-Behavioral Problems of Adolescents in China: Evidence for A Serial Mediation Model of Alexithymia and Dependency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Liang ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Juan Yang ◽  
Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Behavioral Problem ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Serial Mediation

Abstract Background: High prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems among Chinese adolescence has been reported. This study seeks to investigate the mediating effect of alexithymia and dependency on anxiety and emotional-behavioral problems among adolescents.The study focused a serial mediation model of alexithymia and dependency adolescents from Haikou, China.Methods: The study population included 519 adolescents. The assessments included the completion of standardized scales such as the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale (MASC), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Independent-sample t-tests, bivariate correlation, and serial mediation analyses were performed using SPSS23.0.Results: Bivariate analyses revealed that anxiety, emotional-behavioral problem, alexithymia, and dependency were positively correlated. Alexithymia and dependency play a significant role in mediating the effect of multidimensional anxiety on emotional-behavioral problems. The effects of the three mediating paths were 69.86%,17.81% and 12.33% for paths 1, 2 and 3 respectively.Conclusions: Anxiety and emotional-behavioral problems mediate the relationship between alexithymia and dependency.

Behavioral and Emotional Problems Among Preschool Children in Pediatric Primary Care: Prevalence and Pediatricians' Recognition

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
John V. Lavigne ◽  
Helen J. Binns ◽  
Katherine Kaufer Christoffel ◽  
Diane Rosenbaum ◽  
Richard Arend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Behavioral Problem ◽  
Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Emotional Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Child Psychologists ◽  
Second Stage

This study examined how well private-practice pediatricians can identify emotional/behavioral problems among preschool children. Children aged 2 through 5 (N = 3876) were screened during a visit to 1 of 68 pediatricians who rendered an opinion about the presence of emotional/behavioral problems. Subsequently, children who scored above the 90th percentile for behavioral problems on the Child Behavior Checklist, along with children matched on age, sex, and race who had screened low, were invited for an intensive second-stage evaluation. There were 495 mothers and children who participated in that evaluation, which included a behavioral questionnaire, maternal interview, play observation, and developmental testing. Two PhD-level clinical child psychologists rendered independent opinions about the presence of an emotional/behavioral disorder. The psychologists identified significantly higher rates of problems overall—13.0% when the criterion was independent agreement that the child had an emotional/behavioral problem and a regular psychiatric diagnosis was assigned, vs 8.7% based on pediatricians' ratings. Prevalence rates based on psychologists' independent ratings were significantly higher than pediatricians' for both sexes, 4- through 5-year-olds, and whites, but not for 2- through 3-year-olds, African-Americans, and all minorities. Prevalence rates based on psychologists' ratings were significantly higher than the pediatricians' for all subgroups when V-code diagnoses were included in the psychologists' ratings. Overall, pediatricians' sensitivity was 20.5%, and specificity was 92.7%. At least 51.7% of the children who had an emotional/behavioral problem based on the psychologist's independent agreement had not received counseling, medication, or a mental health referral from the pediatrician. It is concluded that a substantial number of preschool children with behavior problems in primary care are not being identified or treated.

scholarly journals TEISĖJO ELGESIO IR SPRENDIMO PROGNOZĖS SĄVEIKA VERTINANT PROCEDŪRINĮ TEISINGU

Psichologija ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Alfredas Laurinavičius
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Status Recognition ◽  
Justice Judgments ◽  
Moderate Relationship

Teisingumo klausimas yra svarbus teisminio ginčo nagrinėjimo dalyviams. Suvoktas sprendimo ir procedūrinis teisingumas turi įtakos sprendimo ir jį priimančio asmens vertinimams. Atliktame faktoriniame 3 × 2 × 2 eksperimente buvo tiriama subjektyvios teisėjo sprendimo palankumo prognozės įtaka teisingumo vertinimams. Esant skirtingai teisėjo sprendimo prognozei, teisėjo elgesio ypatumai turi skirtingą įtaką procedūrinio teisingumo ir pasitikėjimo teismais vertinimams. Atliktas eksperimentas parodė, kad teisėjo elgesio ir procedūrinio teisingumo reikalavimų atitikimas yra ypač svarbus vertinant teisėjo elgesį tais atvejais, kai ginčo dalyvis prognozuoja nepalankų sau sprendimą arba neturi aiškios teisėjo sprendimo prognozės. Esant nepalankiai teisėjo sprendimo prognozei, teisėjo elgesio ir procedūrinio teisingumo reikalavimų atitikimas ypač stipriai veikia asmens pasitikėjimą teismais.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: teisingumo psichologija, procedūrinis teisingumas, ginčo sprendimas. THE INTERACTION OF JUDGE’S BEHAVIOR AND JUDGE’S DECISION PROGNOSIS IN THE PROCEDURAL JUSTICE JUDGMENTSAlfredas Laurinavičius SummaryPsychological research shows a big importance of procedural justice in dispute resolution. Perception of procedural justice affects evaluations of the performance of legal institutions and authorities, evaluations of legal decisions and outcomes, satisfaction with encounters with the legal system, support for legal institutions and compliance with law. According to K. van den Bos and E. A. Lind people are more affected by variation in fairness when they feel uncertain. Participants’ expectations about judge’s possible decision can moderate relationship between procedure and subjective evaluation of procedural justice. 3 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted: 3 (expectation of the possible decision: certainly positive, certainly negative, uncertain)× 2 (decision: positive vs. negative) × 2 (procedure: fair vs. unfair). The experiment was conduced in 2 Vilnius universities, participation was voluntary, participants were not paid. Data of 330 students (men and women) were analyzed. There were between 22 and 36 participants per cell. A scenario method was applied in the experiment. Participants were given a description of legal dispute of non material harm compensation. Participants were asked to imagine themselves as being defendant and evaluated a possibility of positive and negative decision. Participants were shown one of two videotapes with excerpts from litigation session. After watching the excerpt (fair treatment or unfair treatment) they received judge’s final decision (favorable or unfavorab le) and completed the questionnaire. Dependents variables in this experiment were participants’ evaluations of distributive justice, procedural justice, perceived voice, neutrality, trust in benevolence, status recognition and support for courts.A 2 × 2 × 3 ANOVA revealed significant interactions between Expectation and Procedure on perceived voice F (2,318) = 4.513, p < .05, η² = .028, neutrality F (2,318) = 3.413, p < .05, η² = .021 and support for courts F (2,318) = 3.084, p < .05, η² = .019. No interactions were found for distributive justice, procedural justice, trust in benevolence, status recognition. A significant effect of Expectation was found on distributive justice judgments F (2,317) = 5.02, p < .05, η² = .031. Those expected negative decision rated distributive justice more positively.The presented research shows that expectation of judge’s decision can moderate some procedural justice judgments and support for courts judgments. Variation of procedure had biggest effect on evaluation of perceived voice, neutrality and support for courts in condition when participant was expecting negative decision. It seems that expectation of negative decision makes people more sensitive to procedural issues. Being certain about positive decision decreases a role of procedure on those ratings.Keywords: Psychology of Justice, Procedural justice, Dispute resolution.

Company Response to Negative Online Reviews: The Effects of Procedural Justice, Interactional Justice, and Social Presence

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Olson ◽  
Heejung Ro
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Interactional Justice ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Customer Perceptions ◽  
A Company ◽  
Potential Customers

This research investigates how potential customers evaluate a company response to negative online reviews. Integrating the literature on perceived justice in service recovery, social presence in online communications, and signaling in trust formation process, this research examines the effects of procedural justice, interactional justice, and social presence in the company’s response to negative online reviews on potential customers’ trust and purchase intentions toward a company. A 2 × 2 × 2 between-subject experimental design is utilized, and 410 participants are recruited through a consumer panels firm. Main results include the three-way interaction effect of procedural justice, interactional justice, and social presence on trust and the mediating effect of trust. Social presence exacerbates the negative effects on trust when both interactional justice and procedural justice are low in the company response. However, the social presence effect becomes small in increasing trust when both interactional justice and procedural justice are high in the company response. Trust mediates the relationship between customer perceptions of company response and purchase intentions. This research provides practical implications for hospitality companies on how to effectively respond to negative online reviews.

The Effects of Justice Judgments on Police Legitimacy Across Urban Neighborhoods: A Test of the Invariance Thesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 001112872097743
Author(s):  
Michael D. Reisig ◽  
Michaela Flippin ◽  
Gorazd Meško ◽  
Rick Trinkner
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Fairness Judgments ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
High Crime ◽  
Justice Judgments ◽  
Legitimacy Beliefs

The invariance thesis posits that the effects of procedural justice judgments on police legitimacy beliefs are consistent across a variety of contexts, including urban neighborhoods. An alternative argument, one steeped in the relational model of authority, holds that procedural justice effects are weaker in high-crime communities where residents do not identify with the police and where they place more weight on instrumental concerns. This study used survey data from 1,000 adults in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The regression models showed that the association between procedural justice and police legitimacy was stronger in low-risk neighborhoods. In high-risk areas, distributive justice was a stronger correlate of legitimacy. Overall, the findings highlight how neighborhood context can moderate the influence of fairness judgments on supportive beliefs.

scholarly journals Internalizing Behavioral Problems in Children with Specific Language Impairment

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Hassan ◽  
M Hegazi ◽  
H Ghandour ◽  
G Abdelrazek ◽  
D Elrefaie
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Problem ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Language

Abstract Background Specific language impairment (SLI) occurs when children present language maturation, at least 12 months behind their chronological age in the absence of sensory or intellectual deficits, pervasive developmental disorders, evident cerebral damage, and adequate social and emotional conditions. Internalizing behavior is actions that are taken out toward the self. The symptoms of internalizing behavior problems are depression, anxiety, somatic complaints and withdrawal. Aim of the Work This study aimed to investigate the presence of internalizing behavioral problems among SLI and their frequencies if present. Patients and methods We assessed SLI by PLS-4 and assessed internalizing behavioral problems with CBCL 1 1/5-5. Fifty children with SLI with an age range of (4-5 years old), divided into 2 subgroups according to the type of SLI, are compared to fifty children with normal language development with the same age and gender regarding internalizing behavioral problems. Results SLI group had more internalizing behavioral problems than control group and there is significant association between behavioral problems and the severity of language deficits. Conclusion the most frequently behavioral problem found in preschool (SLI) children were withdrawn and anxiety, which need therapeutic interventions to remediate them.

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