THE KHANKAISKIY STATE NATURAL BIOSPHERE RESERVE: HISTORY AND CURRENT STATE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. KOZHENKOVA ◽  
◽  
YU.P. SUSHITSKY ◽  
I.M. TIUNOV ◽  
A.N. KACHUR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Lake Khanka ◽  
Structure And Functions

The Khankaiskiy Biosphere Reserve is located in the drainage basin of Lake Khanka in the Russian Far East. It is of great importance for the biodiversity conservation, especially bird biodiversity in the wetland landscapes under Ramsar Convention. The Khankaisky Reserve was established in 1990, and in 2005 it acquired the status of Biosphere Reserve. In 1986 on the adjacent Chinese territory in the northern part of the lake, the Xingkai-Hu Reserve was established, which received the status of Biosphere Reserve in 2007. An intergovernmental agreement on foundation of the Russian-Chinese Khanka Lake Reserve on the basis of the two Reserves was signed in 1996. The article contains information on the modern structure and functions of the Khankaiskiy Biosphere Reserve, and scientific research in the Reserve within the framework of international cooperation. Some geo-ecological problems in the Lake Khanka drainage basin, which affect the stability of the protected area ecosystems, are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals THE STATUS AND CHALLENGES OF SINO-RUSSIAN FAR EAST COOPERATION

ASJ. ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (43) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
W. Ying
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
National Level ◽  
Far East ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Trade Volume ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Energy Trade ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Russian Far East

The legal basis for Sino-Russian cooperation in the Russian Far East is gradually being improved. The transition from the national level to the regional level has made cooperation more targeted. The main areas of cooperation between China and Russia in the Far East are mineral resource development, forests, energy, trade, and transportation. In 2018, the bilateral trade volume reached 107.06 billion U.S. dollars, of which the trade volume between Russia and Northeast China exceeded 23.5 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 21% of ChinaRussia bilateral trade, an increase of 4% compared with 2017. The main challenges facing both China and Russia are the need to improve the business environment in Russia, the need to improve the protection mechanism of foreign investors’ rights and interests in Russia, and the need to change the alertness of Russia. The challenge for China is that there is a large gap in investment strength with Russia. Before cooperation The local laws of Russia should be studied carefully, and the state should gradually improve the protection mechanism for investors.

scholarly journals Public Expenditure in Regions: Current State and Problems (Exemplified by Registries of Expenditure Commitments of the Regions in the Russian Far East)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 117-131
Author(s):  
E.B. Veprikova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Novitskii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East ◽  
Regional Governments

Exemplified by regions of the Russian Far East, the article presents a view on the current state and problems of managing regional public expenditures, including the focus of public expenditure on regional development. The research is based on the data from expenditure commitments registries in 2019. A major share of budget expenditures is “compulsory” (pre-determined) expenditures, which have limited flexibility and cannot be redirected to different purposes. Under these circumstances, the ability of regional governments to vary the direction of budget spending and finance self-initiated expenditure commitments—in other words, to independently manage the composition of expenditures—is kept to a minimum, which implies low autonomy in managing expenditures. Most of the Russian Far Eastern regions’ government expenditures are aimed at supporting the current volume and quality of public services. The share of developmental expenditures is higher in regions having more budget resources (Sakhalin Oblast), and significantly lower in regions of the northern Far East (Magadan Oblast, Kamchatka Krai, and Sakha Republic (Yakutia)), the latter having higher costs of supporting critical infrastructure under severe climate conditions. In the present situation, regional governments cannot be fully considered as key influencers managing the development of their territories, and only fill the role of executors and lobbying actors for acquiring financial support from the federal government. As a result, it is difficult to account for specific territorial circumstances and development potential, and the overall efficiency of government spending is decreased. In the authors’ opinion, the findings may be applicable to most regions in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Registration of the Legal Status of Korean Migrants in Russia in the 80s 19th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
E.S. Burdin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Korean Immigrants ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Territorial Unit ◽  
The Status ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

After the start of Korean migration to Russia in 1864, the Russian authorities began to make attempts to formalize the legal status of the arrived migrants in order to protect them from persecution by the Korean government and its patron China. Areas of compact residence of Korean immigrants were separated into a separate administrative-territorial unit – Suifun District, where the post of “head of Koreans” was established. Separate elements of local self-government were introduced in the Korean settlements. After the establishment of official diplomatic relations with Korea in 1884, the problem of the legal status of Korean migrants in Russia became one of the important topics on the agenda of Russian-Korean negotiations. Due to its decision, Petersburg wanted to stop the uncontrolled transfer of the population from Korea to the Russian Far East and prevent the unauthorized seizure of state lands by Korean settlers. In 1888, the Russian authorities managed to partially resolve the issue of citizenship of the Korean settlers who settled in Russia. From now on, measures to formalize their legal status were carried out on the basis of the norms of the Russian-Korean convention on border relations of 1888, as well as an oral (gentleman's) agreement between K.I. Weber and Kim Yun Sik. An agreement was reached that the Koreans who settled in Russia before the establishment of Russian-Korean diplomatic relations were recognized as equal with Russian subjects. Migrants who settled in the region after the conclusion of this agreement were to liquidate their farms and return to their homeland. The issue of the status of Korean immigrants was finally settled only in 1900. Russian citizenship was granted to all migrants, including those who resettled after 1884. The author comes to the conclusion that the Far Eastern authorities initially perceived the Korean settlers who settled in the South Ussuriysk Territory as subjects of Russia, but could not provide them with all the benefits in accordance with Russian law, since such a step could cause protests from Korea and China.

scholarly journals Strategic positioning of the Russian Far East gold mining industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 03021
Author(s):  
Aleksei Sobolev ◽  
Peter Gibson ◽  
Gennadei Sekisov ◽  
Anton Andriushenko
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Strategic Positioning ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Internal And External Factors

The objectives of this paper is to investigate internal and external factors influencing the gold mining in Russian Far East. Justification of the methodological and practical recommendations as well as effective strategies which in full measure correspond to the range of economic and technical factors aimed to increase the effectiveness of gold mining industry in Russia are presented. In this paper, we analysed the current state and main development trends, identified strengths and weaknesses of the internal environment, as well as opportunities and threats of the external environment for the gold mining enterprises based on SWOT analysis. Based on the analysis identified directions of production strategies improvements, sound strategic response and strategic management mechanisms to mitigate the challenges of current times. Their implementation will allow companies using the strengths to reduce the negative impact of weaknesses and prevent key threats, that will significantly increase the competitiveness and economic efficiency of the Russian gold mining industry.

scholarly journals CREDIT MARKET DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS IN MODERN UKRAINIAN CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (155) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
V. Verbytska ◽  
V. Bredikhin
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Consumer Loans ◽  
Current State ◽  
Consumer Lending ◽  
The Status ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Credit Institutions

The article is devoted to the review of the current state, problems and directions of improving the activities of banking and microfinance organizations (MFIs) in the lending market. The methods of attracting customers to obtain loans are analyzed and the international experience of banking and non-banking organizations in the field of lending to the population is investigated. It was concluded that the economic development of the state not only implies, but also requires the development of market lending mechanisms that can not only provide banking institutions with a profit, but also ensure stable economic growth. In addition, it should be noted that there is a different focus on research in this area, as well as the lack of a unified approach to determining directions for improving lending competitiveness, and the mismatch between the chosen strategies for the real situation that has developed in Ukraine. It has been established that the largest share in the lending market belongs to consumer loans, classic loans to individuals, when borrowed funds are taken to pay for various necessities of life. At the same time, the presence of negative trends and factors affecting the stability and stability of the banking system has been identified, which makes it necessary to study and constantly monitor the status of consumer lending in order to identify potential problems. It is stated that at present, to expand the client market of credit institutions, it is necessary not only to expand the range of items provided under credit, but also to disseminate information and promote these services on the market. The main ways to attract customers to obtain loans and events that are actively used by credit institutions around the world are identified. The opinion of leading experts on the need to address a number of tasks to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of borrowers in the field of consumer lending is recorded. The principles of building a hierarchical system for working with loan applications are outlined. Keywords: lending, banking institutions, macro-financial organizations, borrower, money market, profitability, interest.

First Archivists in the Russian Far East

2018 ◽  
pp. 331-342
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Khisamutdinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Archival Studies ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Russian Far East

The article studies the creation of the first archival organization in Primorye, the Primorye Regional Archival Committee. It was due to the efforts of professors of the history and philology faculty (later, part of the Far Eastern State University), one of the first higher education institutions in the Russian Far East, established in Vladivostok in 1918 by the inteligentsia escaping the Civil War. The article attempts to identify and systematize the scattered papers of departmental archives in order to promote the development of the archiving and the study of the region. The research has revealed several factors that contributed to the emergence of archiving in the Far East, one of them large-scale migration during the Civil War with predominance of educated and enterprising people. After receiving the status of scientific institution, the Primorye Regional Archival Committee (later, the Primorye Province Archival Bureau) reviewed, collected, and described documents in major departmental archives of the region, thus laying the foundation of archiving in the Russian Far East, and, moreover, identified historical artifacts, thus providing a headstart for archaeologists and ethnographers. The first archivists laid down professional foundations for archival studies in the Far East. Their methodological recommendations published in the Bulletin of the Primorie Regional Archival Committee (Izvestiya Primorskoi oblastnoi arkhivnoi komissii) or separately haven’t yet lost their significance. Promulgation of archiving and public involvement in the search for valuable historical records and objects provide an example of skill and efficacy. These activities were all the more significant since they started on a voluntary basis, with no official support or funding. The article draws on publications and materials from the personal archive of A. P. Georgievsky (1888–1955), archivist and educator. New materials help to clarify the first archivists’ biographical data and to assess the significance of their activities in identifying and collecting data about the history of the Far East and for further development of its archives.

Socio-economic functions of priority development areas and their implementation in the ecosystem of the Russian Far East

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-528
Author(s):  
Vilena A. YAKIMOVA ◽  
Sergei V. KHMURA
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Amur Oblast ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Khabarovsk Krai ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Development Regime ◽  
The Status ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Russian Far East

Subject. We investigate the functions of priority development areas created in the subjects of the Russian Far East. Objectives. The study aims to determine the functional purpose of such areas and assess how they fulfill their socio-economic functions. Methods. We employ methods of generalization, systematization, sampling and grouping of socio-economic indicators of organizations and sole proprietors that have been granted the status of residents of priority development areas, methods of statistical, economic, correlation, and regression analysis. Results. The analysis shows that the regions of the Russian Far East have been intensively developing over the recent years. This leads to changes in the volume of investment, GRP and its structure, fixed assets, and created jobs. The paper identifies the main functions of priority development areas and includes findings on their implementation. Conclusions. At the initial stage of advanced development regime, there have been positive trends associated with a growth in investment inflows (Amur Oblast, Primorsky Krai), increased labor resources and employment expansion (Primorsky Krai, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), export orientation of projects (Amur Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai), production ramp-up in manufacturing (Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krai, Amur Oblast), modernization and renewal of fixed assets (Sakhalin Oblast, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

The Neolithic of the Kurile Islands (Russian Far East): Current State and Future Prospects

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav V. Kuzmin ◽  
Oksana V. Yanshina ◽  
Scott M. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Olga A. Shubina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Current State ◽  
Kurile Islands

On the synonymy of some taxa of the genus Xylena Hübner (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4350 (3) ◽  
pp. 583
Author(s):  
AIDAS SALDAITIS ◽  
ANTON V. VOLYNKIN ◽  
BALÁZS BENEDEK
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Russian Altai

Xylena czernilai Volynkin, 2011 was described on the base of a single male from the Russian Altai Mts. (Volynkin 2011). Later, two externally similar taxa, Xylena alexander Benedek, Babics & Saldaitis, 2013 and Xylena andreas Benedek, Babics & Saldaitis, 2013 were described from Sichuan province, China each on the base of a single female (Benedek et al. 2013). In the same year, a female of X. czernilai was described by Volynkin & Knyazev (2013). The female genitalia of X. czernilai are surprisingly similar to those of the both Chinese species therefore we decided to use a DNA analysis to clarify the status of these three taxa. For the analysis we sampled a female of X. czernilai from the Russian Altai, a male of X. czernilai from the Russian Far East and the holotypes of X. alexander and X. andreas. The analysis of COI barcodes of the sampled specimens has shown that X. alexander and X. andreas are conspecific (the difference is 0.15 %), and their COI sequences differ from those of X. czernilai in 0.93 % only. Such difference is too small to treat Chinese populations as a distinct species (for example, the difference between X. czernilai and its closest relative X. vetusta (Hübner, [1813]) is 4.61% . The detailed morphological comparison of czernilai and vetusta has been given by Volynkin (2011) (Fig. 1) therefore here we synonymize X. alexander and X. andreas with X. czernilai. 

scholarly journals Problems of Fiscal Capacity Increasing in the Regions of the Russian Far East

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Elena Veprikova ◽  
◽  
Aleksei Novitskii ◽  
Ruslan Gulidov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Intergovernmental Transfers ◽  
Revenue Sources ◽  
Current State ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
Regional Budgets ◽  
Equalization Grants ◽  
Far Eastern

The article examines the current state of regional budgets in the Russian Far Eastern macroregion. The regional per capita budget expenditures lag far behind the country’s average values, that makes regions unable to overcome the existing gap in social development, infrastructural provision of the territory and to improve the quality of life. The article considers possibilities of increasing the regional budget revenues from existing major revenue sources such as tax capacity, intergovernmental transfers (equalization grants) and borrowing. It is argued that in the short term the level of regional budget expenditures may best be increased by grants, in the long term the major potential for sustainable increase in budget income is associated with expansion of economic activity and rise of factor productivity

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